1、英语共有 16 种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时。另外四种时态较少使用。一般现在时与一般过去时时态名称 结构 常连用的词 主要用法1 be 动词用am/is/are 表示，之后接名词，形容词或介词。一般现在时2 行为动词用 V 原形或 V-s/es，引导疑问句和否定句，用do 或 dont；第三人称时用 does 或doesnt,有 does 出现动词用原形；第三人称陈述句 V 后加 s或 es.sometimes;often;usually;every;always;
2、never;once/twice/ a week/month/year;on Sundays/Mondays/.;一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的习惯性的动作或状态，或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态1be 动词用过去式was 或 were 表示。一般过去时。2 行为动词用 V-ed，陈述句，疑问句和否定句借助于 did,有did 出现动词用原形。yesterday;the day before yesterday;last week/month/year/.; ago;a moment ago;just now;on/in+过去的时间;在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。一般将来时与过去将来时
3、时态名称 结构 常连用的词 主要用法1 任何人称+will+V原形.陈述句：I will fly to HongKong tomorrow.He will go with us.We will arrive in Shanghai next week.否定句:I will never believe you again.He will not come tonight.We will not buy a car next year.一般疑问句:Will you go there by train?Will he come tomorrow?Will they live a five-star
4、hotel?一般将来时2 is/am/are+going to+V 原形，表示计划打算做什么事情。tomorrow,the day after tomorrow;soon;next week/month/year/.;the week/month/year/. after next;on/in +将来的时间；in+一段时间；.即将发生动作或状态。陈述句：Im going to go to Hongkong by air. 否定句:We are not going to buy a house here.一般疑问句:Are they going to change their jobs? 特殊疑
5、问句:How are you going to tell him?was/were going to +V 原形陈述句：I was going to buy a computer.They told me that they were not going to go abroad.否定句:I was not going to buy a computer.过去将来时任何人称+would +V原形多用在宾语从句中在过去将会发生的动作。He said he would come in in Shanghai. I said I would buy you a car one day.现在进行时、过
6、去进行时时态名称 结构 常连用的词 主要用法现在进行时is/am/are+V-ing now；at present;at the moment;Look!(放在句首);Listen! (放在句首);表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。陈述句：Im waiting for my boy friend.He is doing the housework at home now.We are enjoying ourselves.否定句:He is not playing toys.一般疑问句:Are you having dinner at home?Is Tim cooking in
7、the kitchen?特殊疑问句:What are you doing now?Where are they having a meal?过去进行时was/were+V-ing at that time;at this time yesterday;at+时间点+yesterday/last night;at that moment;过去一段时间正在发生的动作。陈述句：I was doing my homework at that time.We were having a party while he was sleeping.否定句:He was not sleeping at 11 o
8、clock last night.一般疑问句: Were you watching TV at that time?特殊疑问句: What were you doing at that moment?现在完成时、过去完成时时态名称结构 常连用的词 主要用法have/has+ p.p（过去分词）already；just；before;yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/for+一段时间；since +时间点；since+一段时间+ago;by+现在时间；so far; up to now; till now; until now;recently/lately;dur
9、ing/over/in thepast/last.用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。简单的说，就是动作已经发生对现在造成明显的影响。陈述句：I have already told Davy. Davy has known this matter.He has lived here for nearly 10 years.否定句:I havent finished my homework.Tim hasnt come yet.We havent heard any news about him一
10、般疑问句: Has he worked here since he came here?特殊疑问句: How long have you worked in this company?现在完成时特别注意： 1. have/has always been+名词/形容词/介词：总是或一直是什么样子。He has always been a good father. I have always been busy.They have always been in America.2. have/has gone to:去了。He has gone to Beijing.They have gone
11、to the cinema.3. have/has been to:表示去过或到过。I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hongkong?Where have you been?I have never been here.过去完成时had + p.p（过去分词）过去的过去：by+过去的时间；表“过去某动作或时间以前”的时间陈述句：He said he had told Davy.They told us they had finished the work.He left the office after he had called Davy.状语
12、。动作发生在过去的过去。否定句:She hadnt had dinner before she went out. 一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?特殊疑问句:how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year?Simple Present一般现在时Simple Past一般过去时Simple Future一般将来时句子结构:主语+V 句子结构:主语+V-ed 句子结构:主语+will+V. 句子结构:主语+be going to+VI study Eng
13、lish everyday.我每天都学习英语.Two years ago, I studied English in America.两年前,我在美国学英语.If you are having problems, I will help you study English.如果你在学习英语当中, 遇到问题,我将帮助你.Im going to study English next year.我明年将开始学习英语.Present Continuous现在进行时Past Continuous过去进行时Future Continuous将来进行时句子结构:主语+be+doing 句子结构:主语+was
14、/were+doing句子结构: 主语+will be+doing句子结构:主语+be going to+be+doingI was studying English I will be studying English when I am studying English now.我正在学习英语.whenyou called yesterday.你昨天给我打电话的时候,我正在学习英语.you arrive tonight.明晚你来的时候, 我会正在学习英语.Im going to be studying English when you arrive tonight。Present Perf
15、ect现在完成时Past Perfect过去完成时Future Perfect将来完成时句子结构:主语+have/has done句子结构:主语+had done 句子结构: 主语+will+have done句子结 构:主语+be going to+have doneI have studied English in several different countries.在一些国家,我已经学习了英语.I had studied a little English before I moved to the U.S.在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了一点英语.I will have studied
16、 every tense by the time I finish this course.在我完成这个课程的时候, 我已经能完成英语时态的学习了.Im going to have studied every tense by the time I finish this course.Present Perfect Continuous现在完成进行时Past Perfect Continuous过去完成进行时Future Perfect Continuous将来完成进行时句子结构:主语+have/has been doingI have been studying English for t
17、en years.句子结构:主语+had been doingI had been studying English for ten years before I moved to the U.S.句子结构:主语 +will have been doingI will have been studying English for over three hours by the time you arrive.我已经学习英语有十年的时间了.在我搬去美国之前,我已经学习了十年的英语了.明晚你来的时候, 我已经学习英语 3 个小时了.句子结构:主语+be going to have been doingIm going to have beenstudying English for over three hours by the time you arrive同上.
