1、轮机长/大管轮面试指南字体: 小 中 大 | 打印 发表于: 2009-5-14 10:11 作者: 上海船人 来源: 海员联盟 轮机长/大管轮面试指南发布时间：2008-8-7 11:56:05轮机长面试问题及参考答案轮机长是轮部的第一把手，也是船上仅次于船长的重要管理人员。实践表明，没有很好的轮机长是很难保证船舶的安全的。目前，世界主要船队的船舶老化问题相当严重，而要保证大龄船舶的营运安全，没有很好的轮机班子是很难实现的。因此，船东在面试船员时轮机长往往是他们考核的重点。特别是东南亚的很多船东公司，他们对轮机长的考核从技术到管理，每一环都很严格。对轮机长的经验、技术和解决实际问题的能力尤其
2、相当重视。我们认为，轮机长不但要有丰富的经验、灵活的头脑，也要有很好的管理能力和团队工作精神，只有这样，才能管好轮机班子，才能和船长以及甲板部的管理工作配合好。另外，经验表明，相对船长和甲板部队的人员而言，轮机长的英语相对稍弱一些，希望在业余时间下苦功练习英语听力和写作。面试时主要是看你的听力理解，而在国外船上干时主要是做一些英文的确 PAPER WORK， 另一方面，随着 ISM 的生效和强制实施，PSC 检查和 EXTRA AUDIT 方面的审核都要求一定的听力和书写方面的能力。下面的一些问题不但有技术方面的，也有很多是管理方面的，请轮机长在阅读时能举一反三，联想到其他船东可能考到的问题。
3、1. Can you tell something about your last ship? What types (brands) of main engine have you ever experienced?My last ship (type of engine, horse power, trading area, GRT/DWT, etc.)I have experience with several different types of main engines, such as Sulzer, B the Chief Engineer and First Engineer;
4、 the Chief Engineer and Electrician; the Bosun and Pumpman (in tankers); the Chief Cook and Second Cook (or mess boy); the Chief Officer and Pumpman (in tankers).27. What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration (BAC) rate on board?According to the STCW95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by w
5、eight any time when being tested, but the CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04%. watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.28. What should a Muster List include? What kind of Must Lists did you have on the last vess
6、el?A Muster List should include the following points(1) Details of emergency alarm signal(2) How ship-abandon order will be given(3) Substitutes for the key personnel who may become disabled(4) The boat to which each person belongs and duties to be performed in an abandon ship situation(5) The speci
7、fic group to which a person belongs and general duties during various emergencies(6) Any additional or specific duties(7) Specific assembly point of each groupThe Muster Lists must be ready before a ship sailsWe had the following Muster Lists on board the last vessel: General emergency, fire fightin
8、g, fire in the engine, emergency steering, abandon-ship, man overboard, oil prevention station.29. Who is a Qualified Individual (QI)?A Qualified Individual under OPA 90 of the United States is very similar to d Designated Person of the shipowner under the ISM system. But according to the US law on
9、pollution prevention, this person is the designated person to be nominated by the shipowner in charge of the safety and oil prevention affairs when the vessels come to the US ports. This person should be a US citizen and is familiar with the US laws and rules on oil prevention.30. When heating the f
10、uel oil, what should you pay special attention to?I should pay attention to the temperature to make sure that the fuel oil is not too hot to damage the cargo in the holds, especially when loading grain, paper, wood flammable cargo, etc.On board modern ships, the fuel oil shift pump system has replac
11、ed the steam heating pipe system in oil tanks. This system can prevent the fuel oil from being overheated to damage the cargo.31. Do you know the Oil Pollution Act 1990 (OPA 1990)?This Act is a law on the prevention of oil pollution in US territorial waters. It was passed in 1990 by the US congress.
12、 It mainly deals with the responsibilities, the indemnities, prevention and cleaning of the pollutants in the sea. The oil tanker crew must be familiar with this ACT.32. Have you ever lifted pistons of a main engine or generator? What procedure do you know?Yes, I have experienced many overhaul work
13、of main engine and auxiliary engines. The lifting of pistons shall follow the following procedure:Firstly, a preparatory meeting shall be held and all the precautions to be taken shall be discussed. In the meeting, the personnel responsible shall be designated. General and specific tools shall be pr
14、epared for the job. All equipment should be checked before the job can be started.When the cylinder cover is opened, the surface of the cylinder liner should be checked thoroughly. Some cleaning work including grinding ridge should be carried out. After that, the piston can be lifted out and cleaned
15、. The parameters of the cylinder liner, piston, piston rod, piston rings, grooves and bearing clearances should be measured. 上海船人 (2009-5-14 10:18:15)33. Why does the turbine super-charger surge (喘振)?There are basically five main reasons.High backpressure of the exhaust manifold and low flowing quan
16、tity; Rapid change in loadInsufficient supply of fuel oil or bad combustibility(1) Failure of turbine blade, nozzle and diffuser(2) Narrowed scavenging of air passage or scavenge fire34. Do you know something about the internal and the external audit? During the internal audit, how will you cooperat
17、e with the auditors?Usually, the internal audit is carried out once or twice a year in accordance with the owners SMS manuals. It is under the charge of the Designated Person (DP), or at the discretion of the DP.The Master should hold a pre-audit meeting with the officers and engineers after receivi
18、ng the audit notice. The Master should make sure that the best cooperation is provided to the auditors of the company and the documents to be audited are well prepared.The external audit is carried out by the professional auditors. If nonconformities and observations are found either in the internal
19、 or external audit, the ship should make rectification in the stipulated time.35. How should you deal with the garbage on board the ship?MARPOL 73/78 provides for detailed regulations on garbage disposal. Usually, any shipping company should have its own Garbage Management Plan in its SMS manuals. U
20、sually, the Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer is the designated person in charge of carrying out the garbage disposal, but all crew on board should follow the garbage management plan.Garbage is disposed in four steps, i.e. collection, separation, processing and disposal. The Chief Engineer or the
21、Chief Officer should make clear records in the Garbage Record Book. The Master has to make sure the Garbage Record Book is available for checks at any time.The garbage can roughly be divided into two types: the biodegradable and persistent garbage. The former refer to those that can be rotten by the
22、mselves, such as food paper, and wood; the latter refers to those that can not rotten themselves, such as plastic, mental etc. the persistent garbage can never be thrown into the sea.36. How would you balance your engine after taking over power diagram? What is the use of VIT?This is done by adjustm
23、ent of the individual pump racks on fuel injection pump. It is usually carried out after careful analysis of the results of the power diagram (indicator cards) wherein we can decide which units need adjustment. Exhaust temperatures have to be carefully monitored since this will nearly indicate the P
24、max condition. Pump rack scale should be limited to within 3 mm deviation. If after adjustment and results are negative, components such as piston rings, fuel valves, fuel injection pump, exhaust valve etc. have to be inspected at first opportunity.VIT or variable injection timing is a device furthe
25、r incorporated on fuel injection pump to automatically adjust maximum combustion pressure by changing the position of the pump barrel (changes the pump timing), which in turn control the amount of fuel delivered. It is usually advantageous to improve the main engine running at part load to save cons
26、umption of fuel oil because the main engine may keep the proper maximum combustion pressure in comparison with the pressure at full load.37. Before overhauling work is done, what preparations should you make?In every machinery overhaul, preparation is extremely important. The preparations usually in
27、clude the following:(1) Overhaul schedule (time and place to be decided)(2) Anticipate the conditions and/or activities at the place of overhaul(3) Check necessary spares and special tools that will be required(4) Make necessary requisitions for spares if necessary(5) Discuss the matter with the Mas
28、ter and ask for his approval(6) Inform concerned persons of the planned overhauling work(7) Conduct “toolbox meeting”, which should cover the following items:Personal protective equipmentSpecific duties/assignments of each crewTime allotted for the overhauling workSafety measure to be takenWork to b
29、e discussed with the aid of drawing, finished planTools and spares to be usedChecklist to be done prior to overhaulPerson to report to in case of doubt or troubleAfter the overhaul, I should make sure of the following:There is no leakage and that all parts have been replaced in order.All tools used
30、are secured in their respective location.The spot of overhaul is cleaned.The machinery is tried out for proper operation and function.All safety devices are checked.38. When you take over a vessel, in order that the turnover is smooth and that you wont meet some problems in your future jobs, what wo
31、uld you normally be careful about?I shall talk with the outgoing Chief Engineer regarding the following:The machinery condition, status of the engine tools, spares and special tool, any forthcoming activities, inventory, port itineraries; survey and dry docking status, oil record book, engine logboo
32、k, log abstract and other important items such bunkering, PSC check, internal and eternal audits. I shall make a round of inspections throughout the ship together with the outgoing Chief Engineer and note down any unusual condition or abnormal observed.39. What is “weardown” of a propeller shaft? Ho
33、w is it measured? How much clearance would you consider to be normal?Weardown of a propeller shaft refers to the drop of the shaft or the wear of shaft bearing. The bridge gauge or weardown gauge is used to measure wear of the shaft in relation to its own housing in a static condition. I would consu
34、lt the instruction manual for the normal clearance.40. Name some machines that would require attention and preparation prior to IOPP survey.I should pay attention to the following machines and documents before IOPP inspection: Oily-water separator, ODM (oil discharge monitor), incinerator, bilge pumping equipment, sewage plant, oil content meter, quick closing valves, garbage management and oil record book. I should make sure that all these machines are well prepared for survey and questioning.
