1、1Lesson 1 A private conversation 【New words and expressions】private adj. 私人的private life 私生活 private school 私立学校 adj. 普通的 private citizen 普通公民Im a private citizen. (citizen n. 公民)private soldier 大兵Private Ryan 拯救大兵瑞恩)public adj. 公众的，公开的 (private 的反义词)public school 公立学校 public letter 公开信 public place
2、 公共场所 privacy n.隐私Its privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)conversation n.谈话have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词 conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式 subject of conversation 话题They are having a conversation.talk 内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人 Lets have a talk.dialogue 对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈 China and Korea are having
3、 a dialogue.chat 闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”，无关紧要的事。gossip 嚼舌头 , 说长道短theatre n.剧场, 戏剧 cinema n.电影院seat n.座位 have a good seat/place，这里的 seat 指 place(指地点)，而不是 chair. take a seat/take your seat 坐下来, 就坐Is the seat taken? 这个位置有人吗?请坐的 3 种说法 : Sit down, please. (命令性)Take your seat, please.Be seated, please. (更礼貌 )作为动词的
4、seat 与 sit 的区别sit(sat，)vi. 就座 He is sitting there.他坐在那儿。seat vt.让某人就座 Seat yourself.seat sb. 让某人就坐，后面会加人You seat him.你给他找个位置 . When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seatedsit down 坐下；be seated=take a seat 就坐angry adj. 生气的angrily adv. 生气的 angry =cross I w
5、as angry. /He was cross.annoyed: 恼火的; be blue in the face 脸上突然变色程 I was annoyed. 度 I was angry/cross.加 I was very angry.深 I am blue in the face. (脸色都青了,相当生气)attention n. 注意Attention ,please. 请注意(口语)pay attention 注意 pay attention to 对注意You must pay attention to that girl.pay a little attention 稍加注意 p
6、ay much attention 多加注意 pay more attention 更多注意 pay no attention 不用注意 pay close attention 特别注意bear(bore, born) v. 容忍 vt. 承受，支撑，承担，负担Can the ice bear my weight?Who will bear the cost? 谁来承担这笔费用？ vt. 忍受(与 can/could 连用于疑问及否定句中)She eats too fast. I cant bear to watch/watching her. How can you bear living
7、in this place? bear =stand =put up with I cant bear/stand you.endure:忍受,容忍、 put up with :忍受I got divorced(离婚).I could not put up with himbear/stand/endure 忍受的极限在加大bear n.熊 white bear 白熊bear hug :热情 (热烈)的拥抱 give sb. a bear hugbusiness n. 事, 生意 n. 生意 business man :生意人/do business: 做生意 go to some place
8、 on business:因公出差 n. 某人自己的私人的事情Its my business. (指私人的事, 自己处理的事) Its none of your business. 不关你的事。rudely adv. 无礼地, 粗鲁地 rude adj. pay vt. 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱；break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃damage: 破坏 , 程度不一定很重destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁以上三个指物理上的破坏;spoil 主要指精神上的museum n. 博物馆 Palace Museum 故宫public adj. 公共的 adj. 公
9、共的，公众的，社会的There is a public library in this town.I always sit in public gardens on Sundays. adj. 公开的，众人皆知的Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later.public house(酒吧简称 pub public place 公共场所in public 公开的；in private 私下里的Lets have a conversation in private.让我们私下谈谈?-Why not have a conversation i
10、n public? 为什么不公开谈呢?(当面说呢?) n. 公众，群众，大众The public is/are pleased with his explanation. 公The museum is open to the public on Sunday.friendly adj. 友好的friendly 是形容词，单独使用时一般做定语；作状语表人做什么事情很友好, 用短语 in a friendly wayHe always greets me in a friendly way.以-ly 结尾的形容词还有lovely，brotherly ，fatherly，manly ，motherl
11、ywaiter n. 服务员, 招待员waiter(男服务员 ), waitress(女服务员), 只出现在餐馆里 chief waiter 领班shop assistant 商店里的店员attendant n. (其他公共场所的)服务员lend v. 借给 lend to(借出)：lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth.borrow from(借进) ：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth. (borrow 不能用 borrow sb sth.)He borrowed my pen yesterday.decision n. 决定make /tak
12、e a decision 作出决定It was not easy for me to make/take this decision.4make a big/great decision (big：重大；great：伟大, 更重大) decide v. 决定whole adj. 整个的 a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶the whole，the whole day 整天 ，two whole weeks 整整两星期all th，all the day (the 可省略 ) 整天all of 后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加 theal
13、l of us；all of the studentssingle adj. 唯一的, 单一的反义词 double 双倍的【课文讲解】1、Last summer, I went to Italy.last： adj. 上一个 last summer adj. 最后一个，表示“最后一个”时要加冠词 thethe last day 最后一天 (具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用 on)2、A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.Italian 于 Italy 注意重读音的位置不同teach sb. sth. 教某人做某事He teaches
14、 our English.(错)He teaches us English.(对 )语言不可数, 所以要用 a little Italian 或 a few words of ItalianI can speak a little English/a few words of English.a few 可与复数可数名词连用，表示肯定，含有some，a small number of(一些，少数几个)的意思。The police would like to ask him a few questions. 警察要问他一些问题。3、Every day I thought about postca
15、rds. think about/of 考虑, 思考，指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事, think of 还可指想到What do you think of TV program last night?think over 仔细考虑，反复思考Whats the weather like today?cold, chilly(非常非常冷), freezeIll freeze.我要冻僵了4、I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!spend 与表示时间的词或短语连和时，意思为“花(时间)”、 “度过”.
16、 spend+时间+地点 : 在什么地点我花费/度过了多少时间I spend three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)spend 还可以表示“ 花钱”I cant spend any more on this car.【Key structures】 一般过去时一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久。Do you ever catch a cold in the winter
17、?Yes, I caught a cold last winter.【Special Difficulties】 直接宾语与间接宾语双宾语：直接宾语(表示动作结果，动作所涉及的事物)和间接宾语( 动作目标，动作是谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人)。间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前，如果间接宾语在后，间接宾主前必须加“to”( 表示动作对什么人做)或“for”(表示动作为什么人而做)。give sb. sth./give sth to sb间接宾语在后面时, 其前必须加 to(对而言) 或for(为而做)。可以翻译为 “给”、 “替” 、 “为”的，就用 for；如果只能翻译为“ 给”的, 就用
18、to与 to 相连的 give, take, pass, read, sell, buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise，offer ，owetake flowers to my wife.与 for 相连的 buy, order, make, findI buy a book for you ./make a cake for youfind sth. for sb./do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me? 帮我个忙Can I order something for you?Can I
19、 buy you a bottle of beer ?我请你喝杯酒的意思 【Multiple choice questions】4 _a_ him a few words of Italian? The waiter.a. Who taught b. Who did teach c. What did he teach d. Whom did he teach人做主语提问who 对宾语提问whomwho 既可以对主语提问也可以对宾语提问, 而whom 只能对宾语提问如果对主语提问, 则句子的语序和陈述句语序一样；如果对非主语来提问, 则句子要使用特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序7 He spent
20、 the whole day in his room. He was in his room _c_ day.a. the hole b. the all c. all d. all ofall (the) day all of 后面如果加代词, 代词前面不需要修饰词 all of us；一旦要加名词, 前面一定要加 theall of the friends all of my friends all of the students11 He made a big decision. He _b_ .a. thought about it b. made up his mind c. cha
21、nged his mind d. made a wishthink about:考虑、思考、想 make up ones mind:下定决心 change ones mind:改变主意 make a wish : 许个心愿, 愿望, 许愿Lesson 4 An exciting trip 【New words and expressions】(6) exciting adj. 令人兴奋的exciting adj. 令人兴奋的；excited adj. 兴奋的-ed: 自己感到 / -ing:令人感到The news was exciting.exciting boy 令人兴奋的男孩 I am
22、excited.excite v. 激动 (这类动词的宾语一定是人，让后面的人感到)The news excited me.interesting adj. 令人感到有趣的；interested adj. 感到有意思的 interesting maninterest v. 对感兴趣The book interests me. 那本书让我感到很有趣receive v. 接受, 收到 vt. 接到收到，得到 vt. 招待，接待You need a large room if you are going to receive so many guests.receive 是“收到”，指的是一个被动的
23、动作，主观上接受与否不清楚。receive/have a letter from sb.accept 同意接收This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didnt accept it.take 则是主动的“拿”、 “取 ”I received a beautiful pen from my uncle. My brother took it from me yesterday.take 也可以作收到 take the exam 接受考试； take advice 接受建议firm n. 商行, 公司 company
24、n. 公司5different adj. 不同的 adj. 不同的，相异的(经常与 from 连用)We are planning something different this year. 我们今年有不同的打算。My room is different from yours. adj. 各种各样的，不同的This department store sells a large number of different things.这家百货商店出售许多各种各样的东西。He has visited many different places in China. abroad adv. 在国外(副
25、词, 直接和动词连用)go abroad 去国外/live abroad 国外定居study abroad 国外学习【课文讲解】1、I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.同位语：一个名词(或短语等)与另一个名词(或短语)并列而作为其说明或限定成分时称为同位语。同位语与它所补充说明的成分之间用逗号隔开。在译成汉语时，同位语或者插入主句中，或者另译为一句，很少像英语中那样用逗号隔开。This is John, one of my best friends. 这位是约翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。Mrs. Smith, my neighbo
26、r, has never been abroad. 我的邻居史密斯夫人从来没有出过国。2、He has been there for six months.one month；two months 注意读音 将/ 省略I have arrived in Beijing. (arrive 是瞬间动词不能和段时间连用) has been + in 地点He has been in Beijing for one year.3、He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different pla
27、ces in Australia.work for 在上班/任职，强调 workI am working for a school.work in 强调地点( 在哪个地方上班) I am working in the New Oriental school.work at 上班 She works at a department store.a number of 后面一定要加可数名词复数；通常number 前有 great，large，good，small，certain 等形容词，数量大小也随之改变。a great number of 类似于, 约等于 a lot of；A large/g
28、reat number of our students are Danish.There are a small number of spelling mistakes in your homework.a lot of 可加可数名词也可加不可数名词4、He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. has gone to 去了某地没回来has been to 曾经去过某地, 现在不在那个地方5、My brother has
29、never been abroad before, so he is fending this trip very exciting.before 在句子后是副词 , 译为“在此之前” ，是现在完成时态的标志find 作“ 发现” 、 “发觉”讲时宾语往往带补足语(一般为形容词)，说明宾语的状况、性质等。find +宾语+形容词做宾补 find the room clean/find her happybe finding 在口语中经常使用 Im finding. . . Were finding. . 下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时：believe，doubt ，se
30、e，hear，know，understand，belong，think，consider，feel，look，seem，show，mind，have，sound，taste，require，possess，care，like，hate， love，detest，desire【Key structures】 现在完成时现在完成时表示动作现存的结果，或者过去发生的事对现在的影响。常与现在完成时连用的副词和副词短语：before (now)(以前) ；its the first time(第一次 )；so for(到目前为止 )；so far this morning(到上午为止) ；up to n
31、ow(直到现在)；up to the present(直到目前)；just(刚刚)；recently( 最近)；already(已经)；lately( 最近 )；now( 现在)；for 一段时间；since+ 时间；still(还；仍)；at last(终于) ；finally(最终) ；疑问句和否定句中常用ever， yet，never，notever 等。Ive planted fourteen rose bushes so far this morning.I have lived here for several years now and Ive made many new fri
32、ends since I have lived here.现在完成时还可和表示频度的副词连用，表示反复和习惯性动作，如 often(经常)，frequently(屡次)，three times(三次)等。Ive watched him on TV several times.【Multiple choice questions】3 Tim is in Australia. He went _a_ Australia six months ago. a. to b. in c. at d. intoat 表示位置(be at 是典型表示位置的介词短语)go to 只要有 to 这个感念 , 它的
33、后面一定要有宾语, go to the theatergo in (in 做副词)很少加宾语 He went in.go into 有去向的动作, 还有进入的动作 go into the roommove 常用的意义是“ 动”、 “移动”，在表达“ 搬家”这个意思时 move 可以单独使用，也可组成短语move to，move into，move in，move out。move in:搬进来、move to the new house:正在搬move into :搬进去了/move out 搬走11 He will soon visit Darwin. He will visit Darwi
34、nc . a. quickly b. for a short time c. shortly d. in a hurryquickly 指的是动作上的快 He went quickly . for a short time 不久, 表示动作延续一段时间soon = shortly 不久以后, 表示在这段时间之后，强调的是时间上的快in a hurry:匆忙的(指动作)Lesson 5 No wrong numbers 【New words and expressions】(7) pigeon n. 鸽子Its not my pigeon. None of my business. messag
35、e n. (口头或书面的 )信息Here is a message for you from your sister.an oral/written message 口信/ 便条leave sb. a message 给 留便条Ill leave you a message.take a message for sb. 替某人捎口信Can I take a message for you? 我能替你捎个口信吗? Can you take a message for me? take a message to sb. 给某人口信打电话 : Hello!-May I have a word wit
36、h Tom ?/May I speak with/to Tom?-Can you take a message for me?information n.信息(不可数)messenger n. 送信人，信使cover v. 越过；覆盖 vt. 盖，覆盖She covered the child with a coat. vt. 行过(一段距离) ，走过 (通常不用被动语态)cover+距离 越过 6You can cover the distance to the museum in ten minutes. n. 覆盖物，盖子，罩子，套子Put a cover on the box!dist
37、ance n. 距离 keep distance 保持距离distant adj.远距离的importance n. 重要 important adj. 重要的difference n. 不同 different adj. 不同的request n. 要求, 请求 n. request for 对有请求, 有需求I have a request for the cake.He granted my request for more time. 他同意了我延长时间的请求。She sent a request for help to Gary. 她向加里求助。 v. 要求, 请求request s
38、b.to do sth. ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做You are required/asked to do sth. (对人要求习惯用被动语态)spare adj. 备用的 vt. 抽出( 时间等) ，让给Have you got five minutes to spare? vt. 饶恕，赦免 The robbers spared his life. adj. 多余的，空闲的，剩下的，备用的You can sleep in the spare bedroom.Where can I get spare parts fo
39、r this machine?Have you any old clothes that you do not want? he asked.=Have you any old clothes to spare?he asked.service n. 业务, 服务service 作不可数名词时通常用于表示旅馆、餐馆以及商店等对旅客、顾客等的侍候、接待或服务；作可数名词时可以表示为帮助他人所采取的行动或所做的工作。The service in that hotel is quite good.You have done me a great service.service 既可以指公用事业的业务
40、，如：the mail service(邮政业务)、the telephone service( 电话业务)；也可指办这些业务的机构，如：a travel service(旅行社)、 a news service(通讯社)。At your service. = Glad to be at your service. = I am glad to be at your service. 我很乐意为您效劳.serve v. 服务, 接待Thank you.You are welcome.(下次又需要再来找我)/Not at all.(根本完全不用谢)/Thats (all)right./Thats
41、 ok.(绝对正确, 绝对过时)/(Its) My pleasure.(我很高兴这么做, 把自己放得很低, 把对方抬得很高)Thank you for your listening.在讲课, 演讲结束时说, 即感谢大家的合作的概念(应以鼓掌回应)情急之下, 可用 No thanks.回答 Sorry. No sorry.【课文讲解】1、Mr. James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst.garage n. 车库, 车行(英美读音不同 )another(+单数名
42、词) 其它的很多个中的一个，Can you show me another?other(+名词) adj.其它的 (可加单/复数名词)the other 两个之中的另外一个 onethe other 一个另一个One is watering the flowers, and the other is reading.others(不用再加名词)= other + 名词复数Some boys are playing football, and others are rowing/(going boating).2、Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury,
43、 but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons.介词 from 在这里表示距离上相隔，作“ 距”、“离”讲，常与 away 连用It is far (away) from here.Bus stop is only one mile from school/here.Bus stop is only one mile (away).How far.? 多远(对距离提问 )How far(away) is the bus stop?How far is y
44、our home(from here)?My home is ten miles away from here.get a telephone 得到电话, 安装电话3、Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury.carry v. 带着, 携带(其强调所携带的东西不会着地)I carried my son. (背或抱着)take v. 带着 I take my sister to the cinema.fromto表示从一个地方到另一个地方He looked at the girl from hea
45、d to foot.The news spread from house to house. 家家户户都得知了这条消息。4、The bird covered the distance in three minutes.cover the distance 飞过那段距离5、Up to now, Mr.Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other.up to now =up till now 到目前为止，到现在为止(作时间状语，时
46、态多用现在完成时，相当于until/till now) request for 对的需求a great many(+可数名词复数) 许多a great many 可以做形容词短语：A great many trees were destroyed in the storm.也可作代词短语：He has read a great many of the books in this room.a great number of(+可数名词复数) 许多urgent adj. 紧急的 something urgent 紧急的事情【Key structures】 一般过去时与现在完成时在表示过去某个特定
47、时间发生的事情或动作时，要用一般过去时。在表示刚刚或者已经完成一个动作并且对现在有影响时，则要用现在完成时，时间状语可以是不特指的 now，just 或者 for 引导的一段时间，或者不加任何时间状语。一般过去时与现在完成时的共同点：动作在过去都做过了；区别：过去式只能强调过去的事, 和现在没有任何关系. I ate a piece of bread.现在完成时, 强调过去的事情对现在产生的影响. I have eaten a piece of bread this morning. Im not hungry.The clock stopped. 陈述事实The clock has stopped. 过去的事实对现在造成影响It snowed yesterday.It has snowed yesterday. 强调对现在造成影响【Special Difficulties】 带 way 的短语in the way 按照，以方式Do your work in the way I have shown you. 按我给你示范的方法来做你的工作。I do the work in the way you showed me.I fly the kite in the way you showed me.in the/ones way 挡路；妨碍(某人)Sorr
