1、高中英语“熟词生义”单词学习一览表序号单 词 熟 义 生 义 学 习 要 点1.到、在对面（adv/prep）He lives across the street.他住在街对面。the house across the street 街道对面的房子1 across 横过; 越过2.宽（adv） The river is 50 meters across.河宽 50 米。The tree measures 50 cm across.2 add增加，加起来接着说,补充说I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.我还要
2、补充说一下,我们对测试结果表示满意。1.演说; 正式讲演 an address of welcome 欢迎词2.对.讲演或发表演说(vt)address a meeting 向大会发表演说address the whole nation 向全国发表演说addressed me in low tones.低声与我交谈3.称呼；用特殊的头衔称呼How shall I address you? 我应当怎样称呼您呢?Dont address me as boss.不要叫我“老板” 。3 address地址；住址(n)4.写姓名地址(vt)address the letter /envelope 在信上
3、写地址The envelope is addressed to Jack Johnson, Esq.信封上写着杰克约翰逊先生收。1.准许进入This ticket admits two people to the football match.这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。be admitted to /into Beijing University 被北京大学录取4 admit 承认2.接容 纳；容许The cinema admits about 2000 people.这座电影院大约可坐 2000 人。The rules and regulations admit of no other e
4、xplanation.这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。His illness admits of no delay.他的病不容拖延。5 afford担负得起费用抽得出(时间) He cant afford an hour for lunch. I cant afford three weeks away from work.我无法丢下工作三星期。1.与成对照against a dark background 与黑色背景成对照;The picture looks better against the light wall.这幅画挂在浅色的墙上显得更美。6 against 反对, 逆着,倚靠着, 2
5、.防备；防御against the cold 防冷 against a rainy day 防备雨天We are all taking medicine against the flu.be prepared against war and natural disasters 备战备荒1. 发表(意见等) air ones views 发表意见7 air 空气,天空 使通风, 使通气She aired the room by opening the window.她打开窗子使房间通风。给予；使得到allowed him 1000 for expenses 给他每年 1000 英镑的开销容许(o
6、f) allow of no excuse 不容辩解 The situations allow of no excuse.形势不容许拖延; 形势刻不容缓。考虑到;体谅;顾及(for)We must allow for his youth.我们应当体谅他年轻。8 allow允许，准许酌留；预计 allow 10% for inflation 允许 10%的通货膨胀allow 15 minutes for delay 预留 15 分钟以防耽搁9 alone 单独地, 独自地用在名词或代词之后只有/唯有/仅仅Smith alone knew what happened.只有史密斯知道发生了什么事。
7、The key alone will open the door.只有这把钥匙能开这个门。侍候，照应,与 on/ upon 连用)attend the very sick patients 照应重病人attend on / upon a very sick man10 attend出席，参加 处理、料理（+to）attend to the problem击败,战胜（比赛中）beat sb at the table tennis match规律性地拍击 to beat a drum 击鼓The heart beats. My pulse beats normally.我脉搏正常。搅拌 to be
8、at eggs 打鸡蛋11 beat连续击打,揍1.鼓(翼) The bird beat its wings.鸟扑打翅膀。1.除以外常用于否定句和疑问句ask for nothing beyond peace and quiet.除平安和平静外一无所求12 beyond超出.超过表示范围, 限度晚于.迟于.,到 Dont stay there beyond midnight.以后 不要过了午夜还留在那儿。在向.的那边,在.之外The road is beyond that hill.路在山的那一边。Just beyond the fence.就在篱笆那边1. 阻塞; 堵住,阻挡（vt）The
9、police have blocked the road.警察已封锁了道路。block out light 阻挡光线 trees that block the view13 block（大）块；（大）片；街区2. 障碍物；阻塞(n)a block in the pipes 管道阻塞 to put up a road block 设置路障14 book 书 预定 Youll have to book up early. The secretary has booked the manager in at the Hilton Hotel.15 build 建造, 建筑体格；体型 Were of
10、the same build. 我们体型相同a man of strong build 体格健壮的人商店,商行 He has a business in the town.他在城里有一家商店。run / operate/ manage a business营业 in business; on business职责；本分Its a teachers business to make children learn.n. 使学生学习是老师的责任。16 business商业, 买卖,交易, 生意,事情, 事物 Mind your own business. Its none of your busin
11、ess.1.资本；资金；资方;The Smith Company has a capital of 30.000.史密斯公司有 3 万美元的资本。17 capital 首都, 首都的 2.大写字母；大写的 capital letters 大写字母 Write your name in capitals.1.指控(v /n)He was charged with stealing a car.（charge sb. with sth ; 类似 accuse sb. of sth）a charge of stealing 偷窃罪的指控18 charge收费，索价(vt)费用(n)主管，2.猛冲；攻
12、击； The boy charged into the room.男孩冲进屋里。Suddenly the wild animal charged at us.突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。Charge the enemy 向敌人发起冲锋负责 3.充电、装(满), 装料charge a gun with powder 用火药填满炮1.造币；铸币 The government has decided to coin more one-yuan pieces. coin gold.铸造金币2.杜撰设计（新单词或短语）Do not coin terms that are intelligible to n
13、obody.不要生造谁也不懂的词语。19 coin 硬币 3.coin （adj.）投币式的（操作需要一块或多块金属币的）；自助式的a coin washing machine.投币洗衣机1.收（租， 税，帐等）；募（捐）collect the electricity fee 收取电费。 collect taxes.收税 collect (raise) money 募集资金2.领取(信件等)；接走（人.物）Today it is his turn to collect the children from school in the community.今天该轮到他把孩子们从社区学校接回去。20
14、 collect .收集3.使镇静；集中（思想等）The old lady tried to collect her thoughts but she was too excited.“老太太力图镇定下来, 但是太激动了。“Before you begin to make a speech, you should collect your thoughts and ideas.在你开始讲话之前，你应当集中你的思想和意念。collect ones emotions.镇定情绪 collect oneself 心平气和， 平心静气， 镇定一下21 company 公司, 1. 陪伴.伴侣He kep
15、t me company.他陪伴我。in the company of 在.陪同下 I had no company on the journey.我在旅行中没有同伴。1. 使满意或满足 vt.Nothing contents her, she is always complaining.没有什么能使她满意，她总是抱怨。He contented himself with one piece of cake.（他）吃了一块蛋糕非常地满足22 contentn.内容, 容量, 目录,满足（to ones hearts content心满意足）adj.满足的,满意的2.含量the content o
16、f silver in a ton of ore一吨矿砂中银的含量23 corner角落, (街道)拐角处,把难住；使走投无路The dog cornered the rat.狗把老鼠逼到一个角落。1.依靠，依赖(on) You can count on my help.你可以依赖我的帮助2. 认为；视为； count it an honor (to do sth.) （把做某事）引以为荣24 count数数, 计算（count down倒计时）3.有价值；重要；有用Every second counts.每一秒钟都很重要。You really count with me.对我来说你确实很重要
17、1. 占（时间或空间） The town covers 5 square miles.小镇占地 5 平方英里。2. 走完（一段路程）I want to cover 100 miles by dark.我想在天黑之前走完 100英里3. 采访（事件）cover a fire for a newspaper 为报纸采访失火的新闻4. 够付（费用）足以抵补These expenses are covered by the state.这些费用都由国家负担。cover the loss 弥补损失5.包括；包含；论及The review covered everything we learned las
18、t term.这次复习包括上学期我们所学的全部课程。25 cover盖子, 封面覆盖6.看完(多少页书) cover fifty pages in 15 minutes26 crazy疯狂的；精神错乱的；蠢的着迷的；狂热的Shes crazy about dancing.她热衷于跳舞。be crazy about over热衷于, 醉心于 ；爱上, 迷恋着补充：like crazy mad 口发疯似地; 拼命地; 猛烈地They were running around like crazy.他们拚命地跑着27 date日期起始于(某时期)date back to / date from男女之间
19、的)约会;约会的对象;与约会She is my date.她跟我有约会。have a date with sb./date with sb.28 develop发展, 形成，研制,开发冲洗(胶片.相片等)develop films /photos 冲洗胶卷29 draw 画图吸引；拉；抽；draw a curtain across a window 把窗帘拉上 draw a sword 拔出刀 draw water from the well 从井中把水抽出来 draw a lesson 吸取教训 draw 20dollars from the bank 从银行提取 20 美元 draw a
20、conclusion draw ones attention（to ） The street accident drew a big crowd.The game was drawn.比赛打成了平手The teams draw.两队不分胜负。The game ended in a draw.比赛不分胜负 ( 平局)1.预定到达 Their plane is due in 15 minutes.预期的 他们的飞机预定在 15 分钟后到达Your report is due tomorrow.你的报告应于明天交。2.（票据等）到期的，应付给的a bill due today 今天应付款的帐单Whe
21、n is the rent due? 房租应于何时支付。30 due与 to 连用due to 因为；由引起；由于3.应有的，应得的，正当的give due consideration to. 给予 应有的考虑 This great deal of money is due to you.这一大笔款是你应得的。31 employ 雇用 1. 使采.利 用employ force 使用武力Why didnt you employ the new method?你们为什么不采用那个新方法呢?She employs her time wisely.她善于利用时间。（employ.as 把.用作）使进
22、加 入 enter (oneselfsb.) for(替.)报名参加32 enter进入; 加入；登录,计回车写下或输入We entered our names in the guest book.我们在来客姓名薄上写下姓名；enter the data into the computer.把数据输入电脑1.胜任的John is quite equal to the job of running the office.约翰很能胜任主理这个办事处的工作。33 equal平等的；相等的；等于（vt）2.比得上(vt) None of us can equal her.没人比得上她。34 exerc
23、ise练习；锻炼（v / n）运用（权力等）(v / n)exercise ones right 运用自己的权利exercise ones intelligence to solve the problem。运用智慧解决问题开发, 开采 exploit a mine 开矿to exploit the oil under the sea 开发海底石油35 exploit 剥削(v)利用(v)exploit every opportunity利用每一个机会1.快速的；快递的 an express train2.快车(= express train)；快递服务；快件服务the No.12 speci
24、al express to Beijing开往北京的 12 次特快36 express 表达, 表示3.快速地；用快递方式地 advto sent the parcel express 包裹寄快件(肤色)白皙的, (头发)金黄的(天气)晴朗的fair skin.白皙的皮肤 fair hair.金发fair skies.晴朗的天空集市商品展览会；交易会village fair 农村集市 trade fair 商品交易会industrial fair 工业博览会37 fair公平的（adj.）adv 公平地；公正诚实地 You must play fair.你必须公正处事。你必须公平比赛。人物 t
25、he great figures of history 历史上的伟大人物领会, 懂得We must figure out how to solve the problem.我们必须想出解决这个问题的办法。I couldnt figure out who the lady with the sunglasses was.我想不出那位戴墨镜的夫人是谁。(figure out 算出；了解)He figured the whole scheme at once.他马上就懂得了整个计划。38 figure数字, 人像；画像;图；图表推测, 估计 I figure hell be back soon.我估
26、计他很快会回来。foot 脚；英尺 2.步行 Well foot it.我们将步行去。frequent 频繁的 2.与.时常交往I know him, but I dont frequent him much.我认识他, 但不常往来。39 game比赛, 游戏,竞赛, 复运动会猎物,野味（不可数）Lions and elephants are called big game when they are hunted.被追捕的狮和象称为大猎物。40 gift 赠品, 礼物,天赋, 才能 He has a gift for poetry.他有做诗的天赋。a man of many gifts 多才
27、多艺的人1.成绩；分数He always got high grades in school.他在学校里总是得高分。41 grade等级；级别；年级 2.分等，分级to grade the cotton 给棉花分等These apples have been graded according to size and quality.这些苹果已经按照大小和质量分了等级。使身体保持某种姿势Hold yourself still.身体不要动。抑制；控制 to hold ones breath 屏住气容纳；装The room can hold twenty people.这屋子可容下 20 个人。Ho
28、w much water does the jug hold?那罐子能盛多少水?占有；占据；坚守to hold a position 坚守阵地拥有，持有（金钱.土地.职位等）hold an important position at the bank.在这家银行里担任一个重要的职务。My husband and I hold conflicting opinions on this matter.“对于这件事,我和丈夫的意见相左。保持；继续“Hold the line, please.“请不要挂断电话机!Do you think the good weather can hold?你认为好天气
29、能持续下去吗?42 hold拿着，握着召开，举行;认为，以为I hold it for certain.我以为那是确实的。We hold that no country should interfere in the internal affairs of other countries.我们认为一国不应干涉他国的内政。hold to be拘留，扣留 held the suspect for questioning.拘留嫌疑犯以待审讯国家 war between lands 国与国之间的战争捕（鱼）抓住或钓上（鱼）land a big catfish.钓上一条大鲇鱼43 land陆地; 土地，
30、（使）登陆,（使）登岸,（使）着陆；（非正式）搞到，捞到，获得，取得land a well-paid job; 找到一份收入很高的工作land a contract with a Japanese firm揽到一份与一家日本公司的合同1.已故的前任的the late doctor 已故的医生 the late president 前任总统 the late government 上届政府 his late wife 他已亡故的妻子2.新近的，最近的 the late news 最近的新闻 the late earthquake 最近的地震3.不久前.新近（adv）I saw Mr. Wang
31、as late as yesterday.就在昨天我还看见过王先生。44 late迟的,晚(期)的(adj/ adv)补充：1.of late 近来 feel better of late.最近感觉好多了 2.latest（late 的最高级）: 最后的.最近的.最新的 latest newsat (the ) latest 至迟.最迟 3.later (on) 以后.后来1.vi.持续, 延续, 维持; 耐久The festival lasted two days.节日持续了两天。This cloth lasts well. 这种布很耐穿。2.够用.使得以维持（vt）The food wil
32、l last us another week.食品够我们再吃一星期。45 last最后的，最末的; 紧接前面的；刚过去的(adj)最后（的人.东西）；3.最不可能的 least likely or expected）；最不适当的，最不合适的（the least desirable or suitable）the last person we would have suspected.我们最不可能怀疑的人the last man for the job.对这项工作最不合适的人最后，上次1.通往（向）（to） The path leads to the village.这条小路通到那村庄。1. 导
33、致（to） lead to the thief being caught2. 在比赛中）领先After the first half of the race I was leading.跑了一半赛程后我领先了She was in the lead during the race.她在赛跑中领先。3. 过（生活） He led a hard life.他的日子过得很苦。46 lead领导，引导，铅4. 榜样,带头 take the lead in everything1.使处于某种状态leave the work undone 丢下工作不干leave him an orphan 使他成为孤儿le
34、ave him sad 使他伤心leave the raincoat hanging behind the door 让雨衣挂在门后 leave sb.in the dark 不让某人知道2.听任leave him there 让他呆在那里吧。leave it as it is 让它保持原样。I will leave you to do as you like.你爱做什么就做什么。47 leave离开, 动身;留下，把（落）遗忘在某地；把交付（委托）给3.准休 假, 假期(不可数)ask for leave 请假ask for two days leave(take two days off)
35、请两天假be on leave 在度假；在假期中grant / give sb a leave 准某人的假（此处冠词为特殊用法）1.免费搭乘，搭便车He gave me a lift to the station in his car.他让我搭他的汽车去火车站。48 lift举起,.升高,提高; 英电梯;吊车2.窃取（尤指小件物品）；抄袭，从已发表的东西上照抄.剽取(观点.文章等)He was caught lifting make-up in the supermarket.Many of his ideas were lifted from other authors.他的许多见解都是从其他作家那里剽窃来的。1. 运输公司 an airline 航空公司a shipping line 海运公司(pl) 台词spend the weekend learning her lines.利用周末熟记她的台词49 line绳；线，路线，线路;排，列(n)；(使)排列，排队（v短信；便条 Ill drop you a line.我会留个便条给你
