1、表示“需要” (v)的单词:need, require, involve ,entail表示“意味着”的单词:mean, involve, entail表示“宿舍”的单词:dormitory, quarters, lodgings表示“住宿”的单词:accommodations, (a)lodging表示“欺骗” (v)的单词:cheat, deceive, trick, fool表示“渴望”(v)的单词和词组:desire, yearn for/after, long for, thirst for,aspire to do sth, look forward to doing sth, k
2、een on/about doing sth, keen to do sth, keen that, have an urge to do sth(具有做某事的强烈欲望,非常想做某事,形容极度渴望)表示“同情”(v)的词组:sympathize with, yearn for, feel sympathy for表示“重要的”的单词:important, crucial, vital, essential, integral, indispensable, significant表示“参加,从事”的词组:take part in, join(in),participate in, involv
3、e sb in(主动, 其被动形式为 sb be involved in), sb be engaged in=sb be employed in表示“能力”的单词: ability 和 capability(主要用于人)talent(只用于人), competence, capacity(可用于人或物), faculty表示“想象” (v)的单词和词组:imagine, fancy, fantasy,envisage(英)=envision(美) conceive of表示“包含(v) ”的单词和词组:include, involve, comprehend, inclusive of, e
4、mbrace, embody, comprise, contain(实际包含的量),encompass表示“能容纳”的词组:can hold/accommodate表示“表现,体现”(v)的单词:render, reflect, display, indicate, manifest, embody表示“导致,引起(v)”的单词和词组:render, entail, lead to, result in, bring about, cause, trigger=prompt(诱发),pose(本义为造成问题或危机)表示“强大的,强有力的”的单词和词组:powerful, mighty, pot
5、ent, strong表示“(感觉等)敏锐的,灵敏的”的单词:keen, acute(首选这两个词)perceptive表示“提供”的单词和词组:provide/supply sb with sth=provide/supply sth for sb=render/offer sb sth, contribute sth to sth表示“忙于,埋头于” 的单词和词组:be buried in, be employed in, be engaged in, sb be immersed in=immerse oneself in 表示“致力于”的词组:devote oneself to =de
6、dicate oneself to, sb be devoted to=sb be dedicated to表示“表现,体现”(v)的单词:render, reflect, manifest, characterize表示“显示,表明”(v)的单词:show, suggest, indicate, reflect, reveal,(首选这三个词)emerge表示“证明”(v)的单词:validate, demonstrate, verify, confirm,prove表示“证实(v)”的单词:affirm,confirm, prove表示“说明,阐释(v)”的单词:explain, illu
7、strate, elaborate表示“持续不断的”的单词:continual,continuous, incessant表示“(计划,规定等)被实施,生效”的词组有 come into effect/force, be implemented, be put into effect/execution, be carried into execution=be put in/into execution表示“意识到+ 从句”的词组:know+that 从句 realize+that 从句 be/become aware of the fact+ that 从句 be conscious+th
8、at 从句表示“阻止,阻碍”(v)的单词或词组:prevent/inhibit/hinder sb from doing sth, impede sb to do sth, hamper sb in doing sth表示“强烈的,剧烈的”的单词:severe, intense, violent, poignant, acute,keen表示“严重的”的单词:serious, severe, acute, grave表示“著名的,闻名的”的单词:famous(一般用于褒义 ),eminent, distinguished,(well-)known(褒贬均可),renowned, famed,
9、conspicuous表示“臭名昭著的”的单词:notorious, infamous表示“显著的,引人注目的”的单词:remarkable, conspicuous, significant(首选这三个词)distinguished, noticeable, outstanding, striking表示“枯燥乏味的,沉闷的”的单词:dull, boring, tedious, dreary, monotonous表示“有利于,有助于”的词组:contribute to=be good for=be beneficial/conducive to表示“限制”(n)的单词:bound, lim
10、it, limitation, restriction, confine, constraint表示“限制”(v)的单词: limit, restrict, confine, constrain表示“易传染的,传染性的”的单词:contagious, infectious表示“(表意,言辞等)不明确的,模糊的,模棱两可的”的单词:ambiguous, implicit, vague, obscure, indefinite,unclear表示“区分 A 和 B”的词组:distinguish A from/and B, discriminate/differentiate between A
11、and B, discriminate A from B,make a distinction between A and B 表示“赋予特征”的单词:distinguish, feature, characterize表示“象征(v) ”的单词: symbolize, represent(有“表示 ”的意思), embody(有“蕴含”的意思)表示“消化,吸收(v)”的单词:digest, absorb, assimilate表示“帮助”(v)的词组: assist sb in doing sth=help/assist sb to do sth表示“面对”的单词:face, confron
12、t(首选), envisage表示“面对”的词组:face /confront/envisage sth= be faced/confronted with sth表示“圈,界”的单词:arena, sphere, circle, realm表示“法律,法规”的单词:regulation, law, legislation表示“调整,调节”(n)的单词: adjustment, regulation, conditioning, modulation表示“使某人自己适应某物/做某事”的词组: adjust/ adapt/accustom/condition oneself to sth/doi
13、ng sth=adjust/adapt oneself to sth/doing sth (以上强调从不适应或习惯变为适应或习惯的过程) sb be used/accustomed to sth/doing sth.(强调状态) 表示“(在法律,道德等层面上)义务性的,强制性的, (课程等)必修的”的单词:obligatory, compulsory, mandatory表示“决定”的词组:be determined/resolved to do sth=determine/resolve to do sth,determine/resolve that= be determined/reso
14、lved that, decide to do sth, decide that表示“建议,主张”(v)的单词:suggest, recommend, advocate, propose, urge(极力主张)表示“主张(n)”的单词:advocacy , proposal, proposition表示“支持者,拥护者”的单词:supporter, proponent, advocate, protagonist表示“主要的”的单词:main, major, principal, primary表示“变化,改变”(v)的单词和词组:change, vary, alter, modify, tr
15、ansform, convert, turn, metamorphose, transmute, Change / convert/transform/ turn/alter A into B表示“变化,改变(n)”的单词: alteration, change, modification, conversion, metamorphosis(彻底改变) ,transmutation(转变为具有一种与原来完全不同的状态或形式的事物)transformation(变为与原事物完全不同的事物)表示“变更计划”时用 alter/alteration, 表示“修订(书籍等)时 ”用 revise/ r
16、evision(如 the 5th editioncompletely revised!)表示“衣橱”的单词:closet, dresser, wardrobe表示“阻碍,阻止”(v) 的单词:prevent, impede, inhibit, hinder, obstruct, bar表示“微生物”的单词:microorganism, microbe表示“细菌”的单词:germ(病菌), bacteria表示“修改”(v)的单词:modify, adapt, revise(修改文章 , 修订书籍等) correct(改正/更正错误), alter表示“忠诚的,真诚的,真挚的”的单词:loya
17、l, faithful, sincere, devoted,earnest表示“忠诚(n) ”的单词:loyalty, devotion, sincerity, faithfulness, allegiance表示“选择”(n)的单词:choice, alternative, option表示“替代品”的单词:alternative, substitution, substitute表示“后面的”的单词:hinder, back, rear表示“养老院,敬老院”的单词和词组:gerocomium, geracomium(both are not available in paper dicti
18、onaries at present), old peoples home, home for the elderly/aged, seniors home, nursing home表示“太平间”的单词和词组:morgue, mortuary, dead room表示“专门地,有针对性地”:specially(特地,专门地) specifically(首选), exclusively(专门地,只限于)表示“不同,差异”的单词:difference, distinction, variation(change or slight difference)表示“爱好,喜好”的单词:hobby, f
19、ancy, preference表示“隔离”(v)的单词:separate, isolate, insulate, segregate, quarantine表示“合理的”的单词:reasonable, satisfactory, decent (首选这三个词),rational, logical表示“正直的”的单词:righteous, decent (首选这两个词), honest 表示“正直(n)”的单词:integrity, righteousness, (首选这两个词) honesty表示“vtvi 注册,登记”的单词:register, enroll(=enrol)表示“鼓舞(n)
20、”的单词:encouragement, incentive, stimulation表示“刺激,激励(n)”的单词: incentive, stimulation, stimulus表示“符号,标志”的单词: symbol, icon, mark, sign, notation表示“目标”的单词:object, objective, aim, goal 表示“目的”的单词:object, objective, aim, purpose表示“A 在 B 之前”的词组:A be prior/preliminary to B, A be before B, A precedes B 表示“完整的,完
21、全的”的单词:intact, complete, prefect表示“渺小的,微不足道的”的单词:tiny, negligible, insignificant(g 不发音),minute表示“深入的,彻底的”的单词:in-depth, thorough, intensive, exhaustive表示“详尽的”的单词或词组:elaborate, at large, in (minute)detail, detailed, comprehensive, minute, exhaustive(极其详尽的,详尽无遗的)表示“过时的”的单词:outdated, outmoded, obsolete,
22、 old-fashioned表示“A 与 B 有关”的词组:A be related/relevant to B, A concerns B,A relates/pertains to B表示“A 与 B 一致/相符”的词组: A be in accord/accordance/agreement with B, A be corresponding to, A corresponds to B, A be in correspondence to B表示“影响(n&v) ”的单词:affect(过程,vt, -), effect(结果,n,+-均可), influence(n&vt, +-均
23、可),impact(结果,u&vt, +-均可) ( +-分别表示 “积极的 ”和 “消极的 ”)表示“足够的”的单词:adequate, ample, sufficient, enough表示“同情(n) ”的单词:sympathy, compassion(比 pity 更正式), pity表示“冷淡的,冷漠的”的单词:indifferent, apathetic, dispassionate表示“激怒(v)”的单词:anger, annoy(惹恼), irritate, aggravate, infuriate(使狂怒)表示“(使) 恶化 (v)”的单词和词组: get/become wo
24、rse, worsen, aggravate(vt), deteriorate(vi)表示“惩罚(v)”的单词: punish, penalize表示“惩罚(n)”的单词: punishment, penalty表示“忏悔(v)”的单词:repent, confess表示“忏悔(n)”的单词: penitence, repentance, confession表示“倾向于(做),容易(做)”的词组:be prone/inclined(均为 adj) to (do) sth, tend(vi) to do sth表示“易受影响的”:be susceptible/vulnerable to (do
25、ing) sth表示“易受的伤害的,易患疾病的”:be susceptible/vulnerable to (do) sth, be prone to (do) sth表示“(证据)确凿的”的单词:conclusive(absolutely true), concrete(definite and specific),Solid(reliable and based on facts)表示“保证,担保(v)”的单词:assure, ensure, guarantee表示“节奏,步调”的单词:rhythm, pace, tempo表示“观念,意识”的单词:conception, awarenes
26、s(偏重“意识” )【表示“观念”用 conception,表示“意识”用 conception 或 awareness 均可】表示“认识(n)”的单词:conception,perception,understanding, view表示“理解,看法(n)”的单词: understanding(偏重“理 解,认识”(n), perception, perspective, view, notion表示“洞察力”的单词:insight, perspective, perception(均不可数)表示“提升,加强(vt)”的单词:improve, enhance, increase, heigh
27、ten, raise如:improve/enhance/increase /heighten /raise awareness表示“敏锐的”的单词:acute, keen ,perceptive表示“视野(n) ”的单词:vision, horizon, perspective(本义为“视角, 角度”=point of view)view表示“拓宽,扩大(v)”的单词:expand, broaden, widen, enlarge表示“促使(v) ”的动词:prompt, drive(多用于不好的情况), induce表示“例如”的词组(用于句首):For example/instance,
28、To illustrate=To be specific表示“风景名胜”的词组:place of interest, tourist destination/attraction, scenic spot/attraction表示“拓展视野”的词组:broaden/widen/expand/enlarge ones vision/horizon/perspective表示“发出信号”的词组:send (out) a signal, emit a signal表示“散发气味”的词组:give off/ release/ emit a specific kind of smell表示“散发光或热”的词组:radiate/ emit/ give off/ send out light/ heat表示“释放(排放)气体”的词组:release/ emit/ give off gases表示“发出警报声”的词组:emit/ send out/ produce an alarming sound表示“增强某物的强度,加剧 ”的单词:intensify(vi&vt) (好坏均可) ,amplify(vt)(好坏均可),escalate(vi&vt, 坏), deteriorate(vi, 坏), aggravate(vt, 坏)