1、英语中的十六种时态一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态现在 do/does am/is/are doing have/has donehave/has been doing过去 did was/were doing had done had been doing 将来 shall/will do shall/will be doingshall/will have doneshall/will have been doing过去将来should/would doshould/would be doingshould/would have doneshould/would have bee
2、n doing一、一般现在时1.概念:表示经 常发生的情况 ;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的; 和事实真理 2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, everyweek (day,year, month), once a week(day,year, month), on Sundays( on Mondays),3.基本结构:动词 原形( 如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)4.否定形式:主 语+am/is/are+not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词, 则在其前加 dont,如主 语为第三人称 单数,则用 doesnt,同 时
3、还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句 :把 be 动词放于句首;用助动词 do 提问, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用 does,同时 ,还原行为动词。6.例句: It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。 He is always ready to help others.他总是 乐于帮助别人 Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩二、一般过去时1.概念:过去某个 时间里发 生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week , last
4、year , night , month . ) , in 1 9 8 9 , just now at the age of 5 , one day , long long ago , once upon a time3.基本结构:主 语+ 动词的过去式或 be 的过去式+名词4.否定形式:主 语+was/were+not+其他;在行为动词前加 didnt,同时还原行为动词。5.一般疑问句 :was 或 were 放于句首;用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问, 同时还原行为动词。6.例句: She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我
5、们。 i didn t know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙三、一般将来时1.概念:表示将要 发生的动 作或存在的状态及打算、 计划或准备做某事。2 时间状语: Tomorrow, next day(week, month,year) soon , in a few minutes , by , the day after tomorrow , etc .3.基本结构:主 语+am/is/are+ going to+do+其它;主语+wi1l/ shall+do+其它4.否定形式:主 语+am/is/ are not going to do;主语+will/ shal
6、l not do+其它5.一般疑问句 :be 放于句首;wi1l/sha1l 提到句首。 首字母大写6 .例句 : they are going to have a competition with us in studies It is going to rain.天要下雨了四、一般过去将1.概念:立足于 过去某一时 刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。2.时间状语: The next day( morning ,year),the following month(week),etc3.基本结构:主 语+Was/were+ going to+do+其它;主语+ would/ should+d
7、o+其它4.否定形式:主 语+was/were+not+ going to+do;主语+ would/ should5.一般疑问句 :was 或 were 放于句首; would/ should 提到句首6.例句: He said he would go to beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。 asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里。五、现在进行时1.概念:表示现阶 段或说话时 正在进行的动作及行为 。2 时间状语:Now, at this time,days,etc.look, listen3.基本结构:主 语+be+ doing
8、+其它4.否定形式:主 语+be+ not + doing+其它5.一般疑问句 :把 be 动词放于句首。6.例句: How are you feeling today?你今天感觉如何? He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。六、过去进行时1.概念:表示过 去某段时间 或某一时刻正在发生或进 行的行为或动作。2 时间状语: at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。3.基本结构主 语+was/ were + doing+其它4.否定形式:主 语+Was/were
9、+not+ doing+其它5.一般疑问句 :把 was 或 were 放于句首。(第一个字母大写)6.例句: At that time she was working in a pla unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队工作。 When he came in, i was reading a newspaper.他进来时,我正在读报纸。七、将来进行时1.概念:表示将来某一 时间 正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时间开始,并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。2 时间状语:Soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time , i
10、n two days , tomorrow evening3.基本结构:主 语+ shall/will+be+现在分词+其它4 否定形式:主 语+ shall/wi1l+not+be+现在分词+其它 5.例句: This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间,他们正坐在电影院。 He won t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了。八、过去将来进1.概念:表示就 过去某一时间 而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,主要用于宾语从句中,尤其多用于间接引语中2.基本结构: should
11、/ would+be+现在分词3.例句: They said they would be coming 他们说了他 们将要来。 He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting .他说他不能来因为要开会九、现在完成时1.概念:过去发 生或已经完成的 动作对现在造成的影响或 结果, 或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。2.时间状语:yet, already,just, never,ever, so far, by now,S1nce+时间点,for+时间段, recently, lately,ln the past
12、 few years , etc .3.基本结构: 主语+have/has+p.p(过去分词)+其它4.否定形式:主 语+have/has+not+p.p( 过去分词)+ 其它5.一般疑问句 :have 或 has 放句首。6.例句: Ive written an article.我已经写了一篇论文。 The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years 在过去的几年,农村发生了巨大的变化十、过去完成时1.概念:以过去某个 时间为标 准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。2 时间状语: Befor
13、e, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.3.基本结构:主 语+had+pp(过去分词)+其它 4.否定形式:主语+had+not+p.p(过去分词)+ 其它5.一般疑问句 :had 放于句首。6.例句: As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候,火车已经开走了。 By the end of last month , we had reviewed four books .到上个月底,我们已经复习了四本书。7.基本结构:主 语+had+p.p(过去分词)+其它肯定句
14、:主 语+had+p.p(过去分词)+其它否定句 :主语+had+not+p.p(过去分词)+其它一般疑问句 :Had+主语+p.p(过去分词)+其它特殊疑问句 :特殊疑问词+一般疑问句十一、将来完成时1.概念:在将来某一 时刻之前开始的 动作或状态2.时间状语: by the time of; by the end of+时间短语(将来); by the time+从句(将来)3.基本结构:主 语+ be going to/will/ shall+have+p.p(过去分词)+其它 4.例句：by the time you get back , great changes will have
15、 taken place in this area .到你回来的 时候,就将 发生巨大的变化。十二、过去将来完成时1.概念:表示在 过去某一时间对 将来某一时刻以前所会 发生的动作, 常用在虚拟语气中,表示与过去的事实相反。2.基本结构: should/ would have done sth3.例句: i thought you d have left by this time.我想这会儿你已经走了。 He told them he would have finished it by 8 o clock .他告诉他们他会在 8 点以前干完十三、现在完成进行时1 概念:表示从 过去某一时间开始
16、一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来。2.基本结构:主 语+have/has+been+ doing+其它3 时间状语: Since+时间点,for+ 时间段等。4.例子: i have been sitting here for an hour.我已经在这里坐了一个小时。 The children have been watching tv since six o clock .从 6 点起,孩子们一直看电视14、过去完成进行时1.概念:表示某个正在 进行的 动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成, 一直持续到之后的当前才结束。2.基本结构:主 语+
17、had+been+ doing+其它3.例子: She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam。她在考试之前一直患重感冒。 Had they been expecting the news for some time ?他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧?4.特殊含义:尚未完成: He had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了。(他没写完)企图: He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。(他曾努力学习过它)未得结果
18、: We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。(但是我们没有理解）最近情况: He had been quarreling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。(最近)反复动作: He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。(屡次 )情绪: What had he been doing?他做了什么?(不耐烦）十五、将来完成进行时1.概念:表示动 作从某一时间 开始一直延续到将来某一 时间是否继续下去, 要视上下文而定。2.基本结构: shall/
19、will have been doing 3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year .到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作 20 年了。 If we don t hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there .咱们如不快一点儿,等我们到了那儿,店门就会关了。十六、过去将来完成进行时1.概念:表示从 过去某时看至未来某 时以前会一直在 进行的动2.基本结构:should/ would+have+been+现在分词3.例子: He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years .他告诉我,到年底时,他就在那住了 30 年了。
