1、祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语 you 常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1. 肯定的祈使句 （1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。 （2）Be + n./adj. Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！ （3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 Lets go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。 2.
2、否定的祈使句 (1) Dont + 动词原形 Dont stand up. 别站起来。 Dont be careless. 别粗心。 Dont let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 （2）Let 型的否定式有两种:“Dont + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形 + 其它成分” 。 Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。（3）no 开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟
3、!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! 3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词 Do。 例如：Do shut up! 快住口！ 4. 祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will 或 wont。 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1) 形式一致(即 Yes 与 will 保持一致；No 与 wont 保持一致 ) 2) 意思相反(即 Yes 是 “不 ”的意思；No 是 “是”的意思)。 在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。 如：- Dont go out, please. Its raining heavily out
4、side. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。 5. 祈使句的反意疑问句 (1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用 will you 或wont you。 Please open the door, will/ wont you? 请把门打开，好吗？ (2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用 will you。 Dont be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？ (3) 以 lets 开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用 shall
5、we。 Lets turn on the TV, shall we?我们把电视打开，好吗？ 只有以 lets 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用 shall we，而 let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为 will you 或 wont you.如：Let us stay here, will/ wont you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？祈使句专项练习一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Its an important meeting. _ (not, be )late. 2. _ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sle
6、eping. 3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _ (be) polite.4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud. 5. _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry. 6. _ (look) out! A car is coming. 7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like. 8. _ (not, let) the baby cry. 9. We
7、ar more clothes or you _ (catch) a cold. 10. Lets _ (not, say) anything about it. 二、单项选择 1. The TV is too loud. Please_. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. _ late again, Bill! A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not 3. _ cross the road until the traffic ligh
8、ts turn green. A. Not B. Wont C. Doesnt D. Dont 4. Please help me carry it, _? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we 5. Dont make so much noise, _? A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. do you 6. Do you know the girl _under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, _ your h
9、omework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing 8. _ me the truth, or Ill be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell 9. Ive kept the dog _Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. toname 10. Dont you know that _ is good for our health? A. swimB. swimming C. swam D.
10、 swims 11 .Her doctor said: “_ work so hard” A Stop B Dont C Cant D No 12. Sindy, _ to be here at 8 oclock A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure 13._ when you cross the road. A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful 14. _him the secret, will you? A Dont tell B Not to tell C Not t
11、elling D No telling 15. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes. A Not to read B Dont read C Dont to read D Not read 16. _ Your child. Well look after him. A Not to worry about B Dont worry about C Not worry for D Dont worry with 17.They are very tired. Why _ have a rest? A not they B do not they C dont the
12、y D not to 18 -You look rather tired. _ stopping to have a rest? - All right. A Why not B How about C Why not to D why dont 19 _ tell a lie. A Hardly B Not C No D Never 20.Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard. A not B dont C arent D cant 三、句型转换 1. Will you please read it again more slowly?
13、（改为祈使句）_ _ again more slowly, please. 2. If you dont listen to me, Ill go. （改为同义句） _ _me, or Ill go. 3. Lets watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句）Lets watch the sports games, _ _? 4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_ _careless, please. 5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）
14、 _ _ next to Nancy. 6. Dont forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Dont forget to turn off the lights, _ _? 7. If you move, youll die. （改为同义句） _ _, or youll die. 8. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _ _? 9. 这是一个坏了的被子。 （翻译句子） This is a _ _. 10. 让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。 （翻
15、译句子） Lets go and help the _ _, please. 四、将下列汉语翻译成英语。 1. 请照看好您的包。 _. 2. 让我们去学校吧! _! 3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! _! 4. 不要把书放这儿。 _. 5. 不要让猫进来。 _. 参考答案 一、填空题 1.Dontt be 2. Dontt make 3. Dontt speak be 4. Dont talk read 5. Dont leave 6. Look 7. Give 8. Dont let 9. catch 10. not _say 二、单选题 1-5. ABDBA 6-10. CADBB 11-15 B
16、ADAD 16-20 BDADB 三、句型转换 1. Read it 2. Listen to 3. shall we 4. Dont be 5. Dont sit 6. will you 7. Dont move 8. will / wont you 9. broken glass / cup 10. crying girl 四、翻译 Key: 1. Please look after your bag. 2. Lets go to school. 3. Be glad, dear 4. Dont put the book here . 5. Dont let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in
