1、一、常用句型一)原因1.A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).2. The change in .largely results from the fact that.3. We may blame .，but the real causes are.4.Another contributing factor (cause ) is .二)比较1.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.2.
2、For all the disadvantages， it has its compensating advantages.3.A and B has several points in common.4. People used to think .， but things are different now.三)批驳1There is a grain of truth in these statements， but they ignore a more important fact.2Some people say .， but it does not hold water.3It ma
3、kes no sense to argue for .4Too much stress placed on . may lead to .四)后果1. It may give rise to a host of problems.2. The immediate result it produces is .3. It will exercise a profound influence upon.4. Its consequence can be so great that.五)举例1A good case in point is .2Such examples might be given
4、 easily.六)证明1No one can deny the fact that .2Recent studies indicate that .3There is sufficient evidence to show that .七)开篇1Many nations have been faced with the problem of .2Never in our history has the idea that . been so popular.3Faced with .， quite a few people argue that .4According to a recent
5、 survey， .5With the rapid development of .八)结尾1. From what has been discussed above， we can draw the conclusion that .2. It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop .3. With the efforts of all parts concerned， the problem will be solved thoroughly.九)解释原因的1.to begin with， then， furthermor
6、e， finally(强烈推荐)2.to start with， next， in addition， finally(强烈推荐)3.first and foremost， besides， last but not least(强烈推荐)4.most important of all， moreover， finally5.on the one hand， on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)6.for one thing， for another thing(适用于两点的情况)十)前后连接词then， therefore， consequently， accordingl
7、y， hence， as a result， for this reason， so that二、词汇替换1.individuals，characters， folks 替换(people ，persons)2.positive， favorable， rosy (美好的)promising ( 有希望的)，perfect， pleasurable ， excellent， outstanding， superior 替换 good 3.dreadful， unfavorable， poor， adverse， ill (有害的)替换 bad 。 如果 bad 做表语，可以有 be less
8、impressive 替换。 Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games， enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ，as a result， they find their academic records are less impressive4.(an army of， an ocean of， a sea of， a mul
9、titude of ， a host of， many， if not most)替换 many. 注：用 many， if not most 一定要小心，many 后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals， if not most， harbor the idea that.同理 用 most， if not all ，替换 most. 5. a slice of， quiet a few ， several 替换 some 6.harbor the idea that， take the attitude that， hold the view that， it is wi
10、dely shared that， it is universally acknowledged that)替换 think (因为是书面语，所以要加 that) 7.affair ，business ，matter 替换 thing 8. shared 替换 common 9.reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits ) 10.for my part ，from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion 11.Increasing(ly)，growing 替换 more and more( 注意没有 growingly 这种形式
11、。所以当修 饰名词时用 increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly.) Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12.little if anything， 或 little or nothing 替换 hardly13.beneficial， rewarding 替换 helpful14.shopper，client，consumer，purchaser， 替换 customer 15.exceeding
12、ly，extremely， intensely 替换 very 16.hardly necessary， hardly inevitable 替换 unnecessary， avoidable 17.sth appeals to sb， sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换 sb take interest in / sb. be interested in 18.capture ones attention 替换 attract ones attention. 19.facet，demension，sphere 替换 aspect20.be
13、 indiicative of ，be suggestive of ，be fearful of 替换 indicate， suggest ，fear 21.give rise to， lead to， result in， trigger 替换 cause. 22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换.reasons for sth 23.desire 替换 want. 24.pour attention into 替换 pay attention to 25.bear in mind that 替换 remember 26. enjoy， pos
14、sess 替换 have(注意 process 是过程的意思) 27. interaction 替换 communication 28.frown on sth 替换 be against ， disagree with sth29.to name only a few， as an example 替换 for example， for instance 30. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible31. believe， claim， maintain， argue， insist， hold the op
15、inion/ belief that 替换 think三、常用短语1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy2.人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of peoples living standard3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recog
16、nized that6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention8.不可否认 It is undeniable that/ There is no denying that9.热烈的讨论/争论 a heated discussion/ debate10.有争议性的问题 a controversial issue11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument12.一些人而另外一
17、些人 Some peoplewhile others13.就我而言/就个人而言 As far as I am concerned， / Personally，14.就达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons16.双方的论点 arguments on both sides17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in18.对必不可少 be indispensable to19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb g
18、oes：20.也不例外 be no exception21.对产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon25.责任感/成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement26.竞争与合作精神 se
19、nse of competition and cooperation27.开阔眼界 widen ones horizon/ broaden ones vision28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration31.从另一个角度 from another perspective32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts33.对有益 be be
20、neficial / conducive to34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for36.综合素质 comprehensive quality37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach39.致力于/投身于 be committed / devoted to40.应当承认 Admittedly，41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty42.满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of43.可靠的信息源 a reliab
21、le source of information44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
22、51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latter opinion53.有/提供如下理由/证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way55.理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice56.必然趋势 an irresistible tre
23、nd of57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest59.长远利益 interest in the long run60.有其自身的优缺点has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full ones favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones62.取其精髓，去其糟粕
24、Take the essence and discard the dregs.63.对有害 do harm to / be harmful to64.交流思想/情感/信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information65.跟上的最新发展 keep pace with / keep abreast with the latest development of66.采取有效措施来 take effective measures to do sth.67.的健康发展 the healthy development of68.有利有弊 Every coin has its
25、 two sides. No garden without weeds.69.对观点因人而异 Views onvary from person to person.70.重视 attach great importance to71.社会地位 social status72.把时间和精力放在上 focus time and energy on73.扩大知识面 expand ones scope of knowledge74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally75.和直接/间接相关 be directly / indirectly related to76.提出
26、折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal78.缓解压力/减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden79.优先考虑 give (top) priority to sth.80.与相比 compared with/ in comparison with81.相反 on the contrary.82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water84.提供就业机会 offer job opportuniti
27、es85.社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly， / There is no doubt that87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of89.承受更大的工作压力 suffer from heavier work pressure90.保障社会的稳定和繁荣 guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society91.更多地强调 put
28、more emphasis on92.适应社会发展 adapt oneself to the development of society93.实现梦想 realize ones dream/ make ones dream come true94.主要理由列举如下 The main reasons are listed as follows：95.首先 First，Firstly，In the first place， To begin with96.其次 Second，Secondly，In the second place， besides，in addition， additional
29、ly， moreover， furthermore97.最后 Finally， Last but not the least， Lastly，98.总而言之 All in all， To sum up， In summary， In a word，99.我们还有很长的路要走 We still have a long way to go.100.加大了的可能性 increase the chances of四、谚语1.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。2.God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者。3.Easier said th
30、an done. 说起来容易做起来难。4.Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者事竟成。5.One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘，谬之千里。6.Slow and steady wins the race. 稳扎稳打无往而不胜。7.A fall into the pit， a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。8.Experience is the mother of wisdom. 实践出真知。9.All work and no play makes jack a dul
31、l boy. 只工作不休息，聪明孩子也变傻。10.Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance. 无德之美犹如没有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。11.More hasty，less speed. 欲速则不达。12.Its never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。13.All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。14.A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行始于足下。15.Look before you lea
32、p. 三思而后行。16.Rome was not built in a day. 伟业非一日之功。17.Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。18.well begun，half done. 好的开始等于成功的一半。19.It is hard to please all. 众口难调。20.Out of sight，out of mind. 眼不见，心不念。21.Facts speak plainer than words. 事实胜于雄辩。22.Call back white and white back. 颠倒黑白。23.First things first. 凡事有
33、轻重缓急。24.Ill news travels fast. 坏事传千里。25.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。26.live not to eat，but eat to live. 活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭为了活着。27.Action speaks louder than words. 行动胜过语言。28.East or west，home is the best. 金窝银窝不如自家草窝。29.Its not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. 君子在德不在衣。30.Beauty will buy
34、no beef. 漂亮不能当饭吃。31.Like and like make good friends. 趣味相投。32.The older， the wiser. 姜是老的辣。33.Do as Romans do in Rome. 入乡随俗。34.An idle youth，a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。35.AS the tree，so the fruit. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。36.To live is to learn，to learn is to better live. 活着为了学习，学习为了更好的活着。五、翻译词组1. at the thought of 一想
35、到 2. as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论3. at will 随心所欲4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with)富于，富有5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地，意外Without accident(=safely) 安全地，7. of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地8. in accord w
36、ith 与一致 . out of ones accord with 同不一致9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地10. in accordance with (=in agreement with)依 照 ， 根 据11. on ones own account1) 为了某人的缘故， 为了某人自己的利益2) (=at ones own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己12. takeinto account(=consider)把考虑进去13. give sb. an account of 说明， 解释 (
37、理由)14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释， 说明。15. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为。16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装 )17. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告18. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, b
38、e used to)习 惯 于 。19. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉20. act on 奉行，按照行动; act as 扮演;act for 代理21. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于22. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编， 改写(以适应新的需要 )23. in addition (=besides) 此外， 又， 加之24. in addition
39、to(=as well as, besides, other than)除 外25. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with,cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief )粘附; 坚持， 遵循26. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的， 临近的27. adjust.(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;28. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地。29.
40、in advance (before in time) 预告， 事先30. to advantage 有利的，使优点更加突出地31. have an advantage over 胜过have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件have the advantage of sb。知道某人所不知道的事32. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize,make use of, profit from, harness)利用33. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意34. in agreement (with
41、) 同意， 一致35. ahead of 在之前，超过;ahead of time 提前36. in the air 1)不肯定， 不具体 . 2)在谣传中37. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是， 最重要的38. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共， 总计39. after all 毕竟，到底; (not) at all 一点也不;all at once(=suddenly)突 然 ; once and for all 只 此 一 次above a
42、ll 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎40. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到， 估计到41. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计， 等于。42. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责。43. answer to (=conform to) 适合，符合。44. be an
43、xious about 为焦急不安 ; 或 anxious for45. apologize to sb. for sth. 为向道歉46. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁.appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力47. apply to sb. for sth. 为向申请; apply for 申请; apply to 适用。48. apply to 与 有关;适用49. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to,consider good, right) 赞成， approve vt.
44、 批准50. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起。51. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排做52. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出，作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);53. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以为羞耻54. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向保证， 使确信。55. attac
45、h(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚， 系 ,结56. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试 图 做 57. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意，照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候，照料58. attitude to/ toward 对的态度。看法59. attributeto(=to believe sth. to be the result of)把归因于., 认为.。是.。
46、的结果60. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均61. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到，知道。62. at the back of (=behind) 在后面63. in the back of 在 后 部 (里 面 ); on the back of 在 后 部(外 面 ); be on ones back(=be ill in bed)卧 病 不 起 。64. at ones back(=supporting or fav
47、oring sb.) 支持，维护; have sb. at ones back 有支持，65. turn ones back on sb. (=turn away from sb. Inan impolite way) 不理睬( 某人), 背弃，抛弃66. behind ones back 背着某人( 说坏话)67. be based on / upon 基于68. on the basis of 根据, 在基础上69. beatat 在运动项目上打赢70. begin with 以开始. to begin with (=first of all)首先， 第一(经常用于开始语 )71. on
48、behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名义72. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。73. benefit (from) 受益，得到好处。74. for the benefit of 为了的利益(好处)75. for the better 好转76. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败， 胜过。77. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生78. blame sb. for sth. 因责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把推在某人身上79. in blossom 开花( 指树木) be in blossom 开花(强调状态) come into blossom 开花( 强调动作)80. on board 到船上， 在船上， 上火车或飞机81. boast of (or about) 吹嘘8
