英语常用系动词.doc

1、1英语常用连系动词连系动词也称系动词（Link Verb） ，它本身具有实在意义，但不能单独作谓语，后边必须加上表语共同构成复合谓语。连系动词与其后面的表语合起来叫作系表结构。系表结构主要是为了说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。一、表示状态的系动词用来说明主语的状态，只有一个 be，但 be 在不同的人称和时态中有不同的形式，有am、are、is、was 和 were ，后接名词、形容词、分词、不定式、副词和介词短语等作表语。 例如:The man is a science teacher. Marys new dresses were colorful. 二、表示持续性的系动词用来表示主语继

2、续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep、remain、 stay、lie、stand、continue 和 rest 等，例如 :Please keep quiet. Several problems remain to be solved. I hope the weather will stay fine. The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake. Mr. Black stands high in the public estimation.The weather continues cold. My grandfather wil

3、l never rest idle. 三、表“像”系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有 seem、appear 和 look，例如：She seems very happy with the new job. He appeared to be talking to himself. She looks happy. 四、感官系动词感官系动词主要有 feel、smell、sound、taste 等，后 面 接 形 容 词 作 表 语 ， 说 明 主 语所 处 的 状 态 ， 其 意 思 分 别 为 “摸 /闻 /听 /尝 起 来 ”。 这 几 个 动 词 的 主 语 往 往 是 物 ，

4、而不 是 人 。 例如：The tomatoes feel very soft. These flowers smell very sweet. The music sounds very pleasing to the ear. The meat tastes delicious. 五、表示变化的系动词这些系动词表示主语变化成什么样，主要有become、grow 、turn 、fall 、 get、go、come 和 run 等，这些词后面大多数接形容词作表语，但 become, turn, sound, remain, seem 亦可接名词作表语，只是 turn 若跟名词则不加冠词。例如：

5、She became a famous writer. His cold is growing worse. In autumn the leaves turn yellow. They first met at university and later fell in love. 2Its getting cold. The milk went sour. My shoe came loose.The river was beginning to run dry. He turns doctor. = He becomes a doctor. 六、表终止的系动词表示主语发出的动作已经终止，主

6、要有 prove 和 turn out，表达“证实”和“变成”之意。例如：My advice proved( to be) wrong. He proved a competent manager. The party turned out (to be )very successful. The rookie turned out (to be) the best hitter on the team.七、学习系动词的注意事项1.特 别 要 注 意 “be+过 去 分 词 ”所 构 成 的 系 表 结 构 与 其 所 构 成 的 被 动 语 态 的 区 别 。系 表 结 构 侧 重 于 表

7、示 主 语 的 特 征 或 所 处 的 状 态 ， 通 常 没 有 由 by 引 导 的 介 词 短 语 ， 如 ：The door was closed. 被 动 语 态 侧 重 于 强 调 主 语 是 谓 语 动 词 所 示 动 作 的 承 受 者 ， 表 示动 作 ； 句 中 可 以 用 由 by 引 导 的 介 词 短 语 。 如 ： The door was closed by me. 还要注意由“be+ V-ing”所构成的系表结构与其所构成的进行时态的区别。系表结构侧重于说明主语具有的特征或存在的状态，也可说明主语是什么。如：My job is teaching English.

8、 进行时态侧重于强调主语正在做某事。如：Mr. Wang is reading an evening paper now.2.要 特 别 注 意 某 些 动 词 既 可 以 做 系 动 词 ， 又 可 以 做 实 意 动 词 的 用 法 。有些系动词也是实意动词，该动词表达实义时，有具体词义，可单独作谓语，例如： He fell ill yesterday. He fell off the ladder. The newly-invented soft drinking tastes quite unique.The chef is tasting the fish carefully.3.系

9、 动 词 除 了 接 名词、形容词、分词、不定式、副词和介词短语等以 外 ， 还 可 接 以下 几 种 表 语 形 式 ： 能 接 as if/as though 表 语 从 句 的 系 动 词 有 ： look（ 看 起 来 ） ， smell（ 闻 起 来 ） ，sound（ 听 起 来 ） ， feel（ 觉 得 ） ； appear（ 显 得 ） ， seem（ 似 乎 ） 等 。 例 如 ： He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales. She seemed as if (though) she

10、couldnt understand why Laura was there. It sounds to me as though theres a tap running somewhere. She felt as if her head were splitting. The river appeared as if enveloped in smog. 可 用 于 “It+系 动 词 +that 从 句 ”结 构 的 有 ： seem 和 appear 不 可 用 be、 look。如 ： It seemed that he had made some serious mistakes

11、 in his work. It appeared that he was talking to himself. 3 能 用 不 定 式 作 表 语 的 系 动 词 有 be、 seem、 get、 look、 appear、 prove、 grow等 。 Her job is to look after the children. He seems not to go with us. She looks to be a young girl of twenty. He didnt appear to dislike it.My advice proved to be wrong.He w

12、ill grow to like this work gradually. 能 与 there 连 用 的 系 动 词 有 ： be、 appear 和 seem. 如 :There appeared to be only one room. There seems(to be)no need to go. 能 接 介 词 短 语 的 有 ： feel, look, sound, taste, remainIt sounds like a train going under my room.The concert remains in my memory.4.系动词一般不用进行时。 5.系动词

13、无被动语态。4练习：1. The drug _ (to be) highly effective.A. turned B. became C. proved D. smelled2. How sweet the music _!A. sounds B. looks C. remains D. is3. The big soldier _ there except for his slightly moving lips. (B)A. kept calm B. stood still C. was quiet D. lay silent4. This afternoon will be clou

14、dy, _ clear.A. feeling B. tasting C. falling D. turning5. The actress is thirty-five years old, but she _ a lot younger. (B)A. looks B. appears C. seems D. feels He appears quite young.他显得年轻。6. He _ pale and his clothes were in a frightful state. (A)A. looked B. appeared C. seemed D. was looked7. Hi

15、s dream to be admitted into Beijing University has _ true at last. (D)A. become B. turned C. grown D. come8. The silk made in Suzhou _ smooth and soft. (C)A. is felt B. is touched C. feels D. is feeling9. Things _ to be exactly as the professor had foreseen. (A)A. turned out B. turned C. were proved

16、 D. showed10. Holding the note in his hand，Adam _ there dumbfounded (D)A. remained B. stayed C. kept D. stood11. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party. (A)5A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change12. - I was wondering if we could go skiing on the we

17、ekend.- _ good.A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds13. It remains _ whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals. (B)A. seen B. to be seenC. seeing D. to see14. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. A. good B. better

18、 C. best D. well15. Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated 1-5 CABDB 6-10 ADCAD 11-15 ADBBD1. The story sounds_. A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true 62. Those oranges taste _. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well

19、 3. Are you feeling_. (B)-Yes. Im fine now. A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better 4. Do you like the material? -Yes it _ very well. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt 5. You dont look very_. Are you ill? -No Im just a bit tired. A. good B. well C. strong D. healthy 6. The ma

20、n we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. 7A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see 7. How long _each other before they _ married？-For about a year. A. have they known, get B. did they know were going to, get C. do they know are going to

21、, get D. had they known, got 8. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 9. As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. (A)A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 10. How are the team playing? -They are playing well but one of them _hurt. A. got B. gets C. are D. were 1-10 DABCB DDCAA