1、 第二章 简单线性回归模型2.1(1 ) 首先分析人均寿命与人均 GDP 的数量关系,用 Eviews 分析:Dependent Variable: YMethod: Least SquaresDate: 12/27/14 Time: 21:00Sample: 1 22Included observations: 22Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. C 56.64794 1.960820 28.88992 0.0000X1 0.128360 0.027242 4.711834 0.0001R-squared 0.526082
2、Mean dependent var 62.50000Adjusted R-squared 0.502386 S.D. dependent var 10.08889S.E. of regression 7.116881 Akaike info criterion 6.849324Sum squared resid 1013.000 Schwarz criterion 6.948510Log likelihood -73.34257 Hannan-Quinn criter. 6.872689F-statistic 22.20138 Durbin-Watson stat 0.629074Prob(
3、F-statistic) 0.000134有上可知,关系式为 y=56.64794+0.128360x1关于人均寿命与成人识字率的关系,用 Eviews 分析如下:Dependent Variable: YMethod: Least SquaresDate: 11/26/14 Time: 21:10Sample: 1 22Included observations: 22Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. C 38.79424 3.532079 10.98340 0.0000X2 0.331971 0.046656 7.11530
4、8 0.0000R-squared 0.716825 Mean dependent var 62.50000Adjusted R-squared 0.702666 S.D. dependent var 10.08889S.E. of regression 5.501306 Akaike info criterion 6.334356Sum squared resid 605.2873 Schwarz criterion 6.433542Log likelihood -67.67792 Hannan-Quinn criter. 6.357721F-statistic 50.62761 Durbi
5、n-Watson stat 1.846406Prob(F-statistic) 0.000001由上可知,关系式为 y=38.79424+0.331971x2关于人均寿命与一岁儿童疫苗接种率的关系,用 Eviews 分析如下:Dependent Variable: YMethod: Least SquaresDate: 11/26/14 Time: 21:14Sample: 1 22Included observations: 22Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. C 31.79956 6.536434 4.864971 0.0
6、001X3 0.387276 0.080260 4.825285 0.0001R-squared 0.537929 Mean dependent var 62.50000Adjusted R-squared 0.514825 S.D. dependent var 10.08889S.E. of regression 7.027364 Akaike info criterion 6.824009Sum squared resid 987.6770 Schwarz criterion 6.923194Log likelihood -73.06409 Hannan-Quinn criter. 6.8
7、47374F-statistic 23.28338 Durbin-Watson stat 0.952555Prob(F-statistic) 0.000103由上可知,关系式为 y=31.79956+0.387276x3(2 ) 关于人均寿命与人均 GDP 模型,由上可知,可决系数为 0.526082,说明所建模型整体上对样本数据拟合较好。对于回归系数的 t 检验:t( 1)=4.711834t 0.025(20)=2.086,对斜率系数的显著性检验表明,人均 GDP 对人均寿命有显著影响。关于人均寿命与成人识字率模型,由上可知,可决系数为 0.716825,说明所建模型整体上对样本数据拟合较
8、好。对于回归系数的 t 检验:t( 2)=7.115308t 0.025(20)=2.086,对斜率系数的显著性检验表明,成人识字率对人均寿命有显著影响。关于人均寿命与一岁儿童疫苗的模型,由上可知,可决系数为 0.537929,说明所建模型整体上对样本数据拟合较好。对于回归系数的 t 检验:t( 3)=4.825285t 0.025(20)=2.086,对斜率系数的显著性检验表明,一岁儿童疫苗接种率对人均寿命有显著影响。2.2(1)对于浙江省预算收入与全省生产总值的模型,用 Eviews 分析结果如下:Dependent Variable: YMethod: Least SquaresDate
9、: 12/03/14 Time: 17:00Sample (adjusted): 1 33Included observations: 33 after adjustmentsVariable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X 0.176124 0.004072 43.25639 0.0000C -154.3063 39.08196 -3.948274 0.0004R-squared 0.983702 Mean dependent var 902.5148Adjusted R-squared 0.983177 S.D. dependent v
10、ar 1351.009S.E. of regression 175.2325 Akaike info criterion 13.22880Sum squared resid 951899.7 Schwarz criterion 13.31949Log likelihood -216.2751 Hannan-Quinn criter. 13.25931F-statistic 1871.115 Durbin-Watson stat 0.100021Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000由上可知,模型的参数:斜率系数 0.176124,截距为154.3063关于浙江省财政预算收入与全省
11、生产总值的模型,检验模型的显著性:1)可决系数为 0.983702,说明所建模型整体上对样本数据拟合较好。2)对于回归系数的 t 检验: t(2 )=43.25639t 0.025(31)=2.0395,对斜率系数的显著性检验表明,全省生产总值对财政预算总收入有显著影响。用规范形式写出检验结果如下:Y=0.176124X154.3063(0.004072) (39.08196)t= (43.25639) (-3.948274)R2=0.983702 F=1871.115 n=33经济意义是:全省生产总值每增加 1 亿元,财政预算总收入增加 0.176124 亿元。(2)当 x=32000 时,
12、进行点预测,由上可知 Y=0.176124X154.3063,代入可得:Y= Y=0.176124*32000154.3063=5481.6617进行区间预测:先由 Eviews 分析:X YMean 6000.441 902.5148Median 2689.280 209.3900Maximum 27722.31 4895.410Minimum 123.7200 25.87000Std. Dev. 7608.021 1351.009Skewness 1.432519 1.663108Kurtosis 4.010515 4.590432Jarque-Bera 12.69068 18.69063
13、Probability 0.001755 0.000087Sum 198014.5 29782.99Sum Sq. Dev. 1.85E+09 58407195Observations 33 33由上表可知,x2=(X iX) 2=2x(n1)= 7608.0212 x (331)=1852223.473(XfX)2=(32000 6000.441)2=675977068.2当 Xf=32000 时,将相关数据代入计算得到:5481.66172.0395x175.2325x1/33+1852223.473/675977068.2Yf5481.6617+2.0395x175.2325x1/33+
14、1852223.473/675977068.2即 Yf 的置信区间为(5481.6617 64.9649, 5481.6617+64.9649)(3) 对于浙江省预算收入对数与全省生产总值对数的模型,由 Eviews 分析结果如下:Dependent Variable: LNYMethod: Least SquaresDate: 12/03/14 Time: 18:00Sample (adjusted): 1 33Included observations: 33 after adjustmentsVariable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob
15、. LNX 0.980275 0.034296 28.58268 0.0000C -1.918289 0.268213 -7.152121 0.0000R-squared 0.963442 Mean dependent var 5.573120Adjusted R-squared 0.962263 S.D. dependent var 1.684189S.E. of regression 0.327172 Akaike info criterion 0.662028Sum squared resid 3.318281 Schwarz criterion 0.752726Log likeliho
16、od -8.923468 Hannan-Quinn criter. 0.692545F-statistic 816.9699 Durbin-Watson stat 0.096208Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000模型方程为:lnY=0.980275lnX-1.918289由上可知,模型的参数:斜率系数为 0.980275,截距为-1.918289关于浙江省财政预算收入与全省生产总值的模型,检验其显著性:1)可决系数为 0.963442,说明所建模型整体上对样本数据拟合较好。2)对于回归系数的 t 检验: t( 2)= 28.58268t0.025(31)=2.0395,对斜
17、率系数的显著性检验表明,全省生产总值对财政预算总收入有显著影响。经济意义:全省生产总值每增长 1%,财政预算总收入增长 0.980275%2.4(1 )对建筑面积与建造单位成本模型,用 Eviews 分析结果如下:Dependent Variable: YMethod: Least SquaresDate: 12/01/14 Time: 12:40Sample: 1 12Included observations: 12Variable Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X -64.18400 4.809828 -13.34434 0.0000C
18、 1845.475 19.26446 95.79688 0.0000R-squared 0.946829 Mean dependent var 1619.333Adjusted R-squared 0.941512 S.D. dependent var 131.2252S.E. of regression 31.73600 Akaike info criterion 9.903792Sum squared resid 10071.74 Schwarz criterion 9.984610Log likelihood -57.42275 Hannan-Quinn criter. 9.873871
19、F-statistic 178.0715 Durbin-Watson stat 1.172407Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000由上可得:建筑面积与建造成本的回归方程为:Y=1845.475-64.18400X(2)经济意义:建筑面积每增加 1 万平方米,建筑单位成本每平方米减少 64.18400 元。(3)首先进行点预测,由 Y=1845.475-64.18400X 得,当 x=4.5,y=1556.647再进行区间估计:用 Eviews 分析:Y XMean 1619.333 3.523333Median 1630.000 3.715000Maximum 1860.000 6.230000Minimum 1419.000 0.600000Std. Dev. 131.2252 1.989419