1、1Unit 4 Earthquakes【单元导航】Moved by mothers great loveShe had died when the rescuers found her.She was buried by the crushed house.Through gaps of those ruins， we can see her last posture(姿态).Being on her knees，the upper part of the body was prostrate (趴着的) forward，with her hands on the ground to supp
2、ort her body.That was something like an ancient who was kowtowing.The rescuers confirmed her death by touching her through the gaps of ruins.They shouted at the ruins again and again，knocked the bricks using the crowbar(铁棍)，but no response inside.Then the rescuing team went to next building，suddenly
3、 the leader ran back，calling “come here”.He came to the body， stretched his hands under the woman，feeling and touching，then shouted loudly “there is someone，a baby，still living”.Through some efforts， rescuers cleaned up the ruins carefully which blocked her.Under her body lay her baby，who was wrappe
4、d in a small red quilt with yellow flowers scattered in red.He was about 3 or 4 months old.Since well protected by mothers body，he was totally safe.He was sleeping on both ears when the rescuer carried him out，and his lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him.The doctor along with the resc
5、uing team unfastened the quilt to check if the baby was all right，and he found there was a mobile phone filled in the quilt.The doctor looked at the screen subliminally，a written message was already there: “My dear baby，if you could live，dont forget how much I love you”.As a doctor，he experienced to
6、o much of parting forever；but at this moment，he wept.The mobile was passed，every person who saw this message shaded tears.Section One Warming Up and Reading.Leadin1.Who can remember what happened in Yushu，in Qinghai Province in the year 2010?A terrible earthquake broke out there on April 14th.More t
7、han 2,200 people were killed.2.Do you know any other natural disasters?2tornadoes；typhoons/hurricanes；volcano eruption；drought；floods；etc.3.Can you tell some famous land earthquakes?(1)Pakistan Earthquake：On October 8th,2005，a terrible earthquake which measured 7.6 on the Richter scale happened in P
8、akistan，Afghanistan and India.And Pakistan was the most seriousaffected country，in which 38,000 people died,62,000 people injured and 25,000 people were homeless.(2)San Francisco：On October 17,1989，an earthquake measuring 7.1 on the Richter scale struck San Francisco.(3)The Wenchuan Earthquake in 20
9、08.4.Do you know why an earthquake happens?The plates are moving constantly.Sometimes these two plates stop and do not move foryears.Then suddenly，they jump and an earthquake happens.As a result of the movementof these plates，west America near the sea has always been a bad place for earthquakes.5.Wh
10、at do you think may happen before an earthquake?Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds.The chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat.The dog barked loudly again and again.People could see bright lights in the sky.速读课文，回答下列问题1.What happened?2.Whe
11、re did it happen?3.How long did it last?4.Who helped to rescue the trapped people?.精读课文，回答下列问题1.概括每一部分的大意Part 1(Para.1)：Before the earthquake，strange things began to happen but no onetook any notice of them.3Part 2(Paras.23)：The earthquake destroyed the city of Tangshan and shocked thepeople very mu
12、ch.Part 3(Para.4)：The army came to help the survivors，bringing hope for a new life.2.True or false?(1)People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didnt go to bed that night.(F) (2)People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.(T)(3)More than 400,000 people were killed in the earthquake.(F)(4)M
13、any rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.(T)(5)People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan.(F)3.完成下列表格Main idea DetailsSigns beforethe earthquake(Para.1)(1)Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.The water in
14、the wells (2)rose and (3)fell.A (4)smelly gas came out of the cracks.The chickens and even the pigs were too (5)nervous to (6)eat.Mice (7)ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish about (8)jumped out of their bowls and ponds.At about (9)300 a.m. on July 28,1976，people saw (10)bright ligh
15、ts in the sky.Damage caused byearthquake(Paras.23)At (11)342 a.m.，the (12)greatest earthquake of the 20th century began.(13)Steam burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of (14)dirt.(15)Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.Two (16)dams and most of the bridges fell
16、.The railway tracks were now (17)useless pieces of (18)steel.(19)Sand now filled the wells instead of water.Water，food，and (20)electricity were hard to get.4.填入正确的数据(1)1/3 of the nation felt the earthquake. (2)A huge crack that was 8 kilometres long and 30 metres wide cut across 4houses，roads and ca
17、nals.(3)In 15 terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(4)2/3 of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.(5)The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.(6)All of the citys hospitals,75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.与同桌讨论、
18、理解下列长难句并尝试翻译成汉语1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. 句子结构分析：现在分词短语 looking for places to hide在句中表伴随，作伴随状语。翻译：老鼠从地里跑出来找地方藏身。2.It seemed as if the world was at an end!句子结构分析：It seemed as if 是固定句型结构，意为“看起来像是” 。翻译：看起来像是到了世界末日！3.Water, food，and electricity were hard to get.句子结构分析：本句的结构
19、是：主语be adj.to do，其中 to do用主动形式表示被动含义。翻译：水、电和食物都很难弄到。4.All hope was not lost. 句子结构分析： all 与 not 连用表示部分否定。翻译：并不是所有的希望都破灭了。.根据下列提示复述课文sign damage rescue|before. during. after. Section Two Language Points1. In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。 He
20、is too excited to speak.他太激动了，说不出话来。They reached the station too late to catch the train.5他们到火车站太迟了，没赶上火车。以上句式用了 too.to结构，意思为“太而不能” ，表示否定意义。但是当too.to.用来修饰表示态度、情绪、倾向等的形容词时，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing 等，不定式为肯定意义。He remarked he was too delighted to visit our city.他说他很高兴访问我市。(1)这个箱子太
21、重，提不起来。The box is too heavy to lift.(2)老师们很乐意接受对他们的教学方法提出的建议。Teachers are too glad to accept the suggestions on their teaching method.2. In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂了。 He felt he would burst with anger and shame.他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。The dam burst under the w
22、eight of water.大坝在水的巨大压力下溃决了。He burst into the room without knocking.他没敲门就闯进了屋子。The sun burst through the clouds.太阳破云而出。The words burst from her in an angry rush.她脱口说出了那一堆气话。There was a burst of laughter in the next room.隔壁房间突然爆发出一阵笑声。burst既是名词也是动词，意为“爆炸；猛冲；爆发；突然出现” 。burst into突然闯入，突然起来，后接名词burst in
23、to tears/laughter突然哭/笑起来burst into a room(闯)进房间burst out突然开始，后接 v.ing形式；(战争、疾病等)突然发生(break out)burst out crying/laughing突然哭/笑起来burst in突然插嘴，打断谈话；突然来到6(1)He suddenly burst into tears/burst out crying (哭了起来).(2)The audience burst into cheers/burst out cheering (爆发了一阵欢呼声).(3)The war burst out/broke out
24、 (爆发).3. It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！ You look/looked as if you had seen a ghost.你的神色看起来像撞到鬼了。He looks as if he were an artist.看上去他好像是个艺术家似的。She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America.她讲英语很流利，就像在美国学习过似的。It seems as if its going to rain.看起来好像要下雨了。It s
25、eemed as if he wasnt satisfied with your work.看来他好像对你的工作不满意。as if系从属连词，意为“好像” 。根据情况，as if从句中可使用真实语气，如例句， 表示事实如此；从句也可用虚拟语气，如例句，表示事实并非如此。as if从句表示的动作如果指现在的动作，从句的谓语用一般过去时(be 用 were)；如果表示过去的动作，从句中用过去完成时；如果指将来，则用 would动词原形。as if从句的主语如果和主句的主语一致，同时从句的谓语中含有 be的某种形式，这时可以把从句的主语和 be省去，后面保留介词短语、分词短语或不定式短语等形式。He
26、 shook his head as if to say “No”.他摇了摇头，似乎想说“不” 。When he had finished，he waited as if for a reply.讲完后，他等着，仿佛在等一个答复。He looked around as if for help.他环视四周，好像在寻求帮助。(1)It seems as if she the novel but in fact shes never heard of it at all.A.had read B.has readC.read D.would read7答案 A(2)The man we follow
27、ed suddenly stopped and looked as if whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing B.having seenC.to see D.to have seen答案 C(3)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.A.was happening B.happensC.has happened D.happened答案 D4. Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthq
28、uake.三分之二的人在地震中受伤或死去。 I was injured in a street accident.我在一次车祸中受了伤。John fell off the tree and injured his back.约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。injure，词性为动词，意为“损害，伤害” 。injury n.伤害，损伤injured adj.受伤的the injured受伤的人；伤员(表示一类人)injure，hurt，wound，harm(1)injure多指造成容颜、机能的损害；在事故中受伤。(2)hurt一般指精神上或肉体上受到伤害，有强烈的疼痛感。(3)wound指(人)在战
29、斗、攻击中受伤。(4)harm常用于口语，一般用作及物动词，表示“对有害/损害” 。 吸烟太多会损害你的健康。You will harm your health by smoking too much.5. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的 15秒内，一座大城市就沦为了废墟。 8He wanted to become a doctor but his mothers death was the ruin of his hope.他想当医生，但他母亲的死使他的希望破灭了。She poured water over
30、 my painting and ruined it. 她把水浇在我的画上，将画毁掉了。We visited the ruins of the temple. 我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。The castle is now in ruins.城堡现在已成废墟。ruin动词或名词，意为“毁灭，毁坏” ，其复数形式 ruins意为“废墟，遗迹” ，in ruins意为“成为废墟” 。bring sb. to ruin毁灭某人come/go to ruin毁灭The fire left the temple .A.ruin B.in ruin C.ruins D.in ruins答案 D6. Ever
31、ywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.所见之处，几乎一切都被毁了。 His dog follows him everywhere he goes.无论到哪里，他那条狗总跟着他。I cant find my pen though Ive looked everywhere.我到处找那支钢笔，可就是找不到。Everywhere seemed silent.万籁俱寂。Fire destroyed the forest.大火烧毁了森林。The heavy storms destroyed a good part of our crops.
32、几场暴雨把大部分庄稼都毁坏了。在例中，everywhere 用作连词，引导状语从句，意为“无论何处” ；在例中词性是副词，意为“到处，处处” ，在例中词性是名词，意为“每个地方” 。在例中，destroy词性是动词，意为“破坏，毁坏，消灭” 。9destroy，damage，ruin(1)destroy指彻底的损坏，常含不能或很难修复的意思。destroy 可接人，也可以接物。(2)damage损坏，毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值。damage 通常接物。(3)ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打击的结果。常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。 用 destroy
33、，damage，ruin 的适当形式填空(1)What left the town in ruins?(2)The fire destroyed their houses and they became homeless.(3)The fire did great damage to the town.7. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些医生和营救人员被困在了废墟下。 The lifeboat was sent out to rescue the sailors from the si
34、nking ship.救生艇被派出去救沉船上的水手。The rescue team came to the visitors rescue on the island.救援队去营救岛上的游客。The car was trapped in the deep snow.车陷在深雪中了。I was trapped into signing a confession. 我被诱骗在供词上签了字。rescue，名词或动词，意为“营救” ，rescue sb.from.意为“从中把人救出来” ；the rescue team意为“ 救援队” ；come/go to sb.s rescue意为“营救某人” 。
35、be trapped in/by.意为“困在中” ；trap sb.into doing sth./sth.意为“诱骗某人做某事” 。be caught inbe stuck inbe trapped in 均意为“困在中” 。(1)The soldiers have tried to go to rescue in the lake.A.the boy B.theirC.the D.the boys答案 D10(2)The girl cried because she the elevator.A.has trapped in B.had trapped byC.was trapped wi
36、th D.was trapped in答案 D8. All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。 Not all the answers are right.All the answers are not right.并非所有的答案都对。Not every boy likes football. Every boy does not like football.并不是每个男孩都喜欢足球。Both of them dont like English.他们俩并不都喜欢英语。以上例句在意义上都表示部分否定，译为“并不是所有的都；两者不都” ；其构成条件是 notall/ev
37、ery/both.或 all/every/both.not。“all，every，both 等全肯定词not谓语动词”或“notall，every，both 等全肯定词谓语动词”构成部分否定。所谓全肯定词，是指含有全体意义的代词与副词，常见的有：all，both，always，every(everybody，everyone，everything，everywhere)等。如果表示全部否定，要分别用 none，neither，never，no，nobody，nothing，nowhere。Neither of them is doctors.他们俩都不是医生。No boy likes football. 没有一个男孩喜欢足球。(1)All men here are not honest. 这儿的人并非都诚实。(2)Both of the brothers dont like the film.兄弟俩并不都喜欢这部电影。(3)Not everything went well with him.他并非每件事情都顺利。(4)I never get up late.我从不晚起床。(5)None of my friends smoke.
