1、高一英语 必修一 unit1-5一、重点词汇及短语：upset, ignore, calm, concern, wonder, outdoors, purpose, settle, suffer, recover, pack, disagree, dare, grateful, add up, calm.down , have got to , be concerned about, go through, set down, a series of, in order to, at dusk, face to face, no longer/ not.any longer, suffer f
2、rom, get/ be tired of, pack.up, get along with, fall in love, join in, get sth done, walk the dog, should have done, make.sth/adj., hide away, grow/be crazy about, do with, happen to do sth, take no notice of, have trouble with1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的（常接 about/at/over 等介词）eg. He was upset over his wi
3、fes illness.vt. 使不安；使心烦（upset, upset）2. ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视（故意装作不理睬）（近义词 disregard”看轻，无视，不顾”，指经过考虑后认为不重要）ignorant adj. 没意识到的，不知道的be ignorant 不知道，没意识到3. calm vt. take notice of=pay attention to=notice二、重点句型：1. Your friend comes to school very upset.adj.作状语，用来补充说明主语 your friend 来学校时的心情。此处作伴随状语。与副词做状语修饰谓
4、语不同，形容词做状语更多地注重描述主语所处的状态。一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开，可位于句首、句末或句中，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。2. While walking the dog, you were careless and it当时间状语从句，让步状语从句或方式状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时，从句的主语和 be 动词可以省略。3. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.段时间+before “在.之后才.”4. I dont want to set
5、 down a series of facts in a diary as most people do（就像大多数人一样地做）as 引导的方式状语从句5. Your friend, who doesnt work hard, asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper.who 引导的非限定性定语从句；Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.Do you want a friend whom you could tell every
6、thing to定语从句： reasons why+定语从句；a friend whom+定语从句；I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.There was a time when+定语从句；could have done 情态动词表对过去的推测；keep sb. done 宾补，spellbound 是 spellbind 的过去分词，指 “被
7、吸引的，被迷住的”6. So she made her diary her best friend.make sb./ sth.+ n.（宾补）7. I want this diary itself to be my friend.itself 做 diary 的同位语，是 it 的强调形式。8. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.piece of material hung to cover a window.现在分词和过去分词作后置定语，及其区别
8、。8. It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face强调句：It was the first time that+过去完成时9. Its no pleasure looking through these any longerIts no pleasure doing sth.做某事不愉快10. She found it difficult to settle and It 做形式宾语，to do sth.做真正的宾语。find it difficult to do sth.类似的动
9、词有think, consider 等。11. It was such fun to watch it run 句型 It is + n. to do sth。It 做形式主语，to do sth,做真正的主语；感官动词 watch sb. do sth. 不带 to 的不定式做宾补。 三、语法：直接引语和间接引语（陈述句和疑问句）1、直接引语：直接引用别人的原话。直接引语通常放在引号内。eg：My mother always says, “You should study hard.”2、间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。eg：My mother always
10、told me that I should study hard.3、直接引语和间接引语的转换（1）句式的转换陈述句 去逗号和引号，用 say that/tell sb.（ that 也 可 以 省 略 ） 接宾语从句；said/told sb.后面的从句要做人称、时态等的变化。Eg: He usually says that, “I am the cleverest in the world.” -He usually says that he is the cleverest in the world.一般疑问句 去逗号和引号，用 if/whether 接宾语从句，改用陈述语序。从句中要做
11、人称，时态等相应变化。Eg: He asked me, “Will you go with me?”- He asked me if I would go with him.特殊疑问句 去逗号和引号，用特殊疑问词引导宾语从句，改用陈述语序。从句中要做人称，时态等相应变化。Eg: I asked the students, “How many words have you learned?” - I asked the students how many words they had learned.-He asked me to pass him the book.（2）人称的转换 一随主，二
12、随宾，三不变（3）时态的转换 动词的时态：当直接引语表示客观真理或经常性的特点时，转换成间接引语时，保持原来的一般现在时。当主句的谓语动词是现在时态，宾语从句中可以根据实际情况选用不同时态。但是如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语从句做如下调整：一般现在时-一般过去时 一般过去时-过去完成时一般将来时-过去将来时 现在进行时-过去进行时现在完成时-过去完成时 过去完成时-过去完成时记忆口诀： 主现从不限，主过从也过，客观真理永不变。（4）指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和动词的变化指示代词 this-that, thesethose,时间状语 nowthen, todaythat day,
13、tonightthat night, tomorrowthe next day, next weekthe next week, last nightthe night before, yesterdaythe day before, the day before yesterdaytwo days ago, agobefore地点状语 here-there动词的变化 comego, bringtake Eg: Doris said to me，“I will go to see you tomorrow and take you a present. ”- Doris said to me
14、she would come to see me the next day and bring me a present.备 注 ： 假 如 当 时 当 地 转 述 ， 时 间 、 地 点 状 语 不 变 ， 指 示 代 词 不 变 。四、交际运用：如何友好地表达同意或不同意Attitudes: Are you afraid that./ Ive grown so crazy about. /I didnt dare.Agreement and disagreement：I agree./ I think so./ Exactly./ I dont agree./ I dont think s
15、o./ Im afraid not.Certainty:Thats correct./ Of course not.U2 English around the world一、重点词汇voyage, actually, base, gradually, latter, identity, frequent, frequently, command, request, recognize, straight, enrich, fluent, standard, expect, however，because of, come up, at present, make use of, such as
16、, play a part in, more than, go to the pictures, at the end of, than ever before, communicate with, a large number of, Only time will tell. without a second thought, believe it or not, to this day1. voyage nC. 航行， 航海vi. 去航海2. actually adv. 实际上，事实上3. base vt. 以.为根据 n. 基部，基地，基础be based on 以.为基础eg. Goo
17、d oral English is based on good pronunciation.basic adj. 基本的，基础的basically adv. 基本上，根本上4. gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地（近义词：little by little）gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的5. latter adj. 较后的，后半的，后面的，(两者中)后者的later adj. 稍后的，待会的latter 强调顺序上靠后的，later 强调时间上过会的the latter 后者（反义词：the former）6. identity n. 本身，本体，身份，个性/特性identi
18、fy vt. 识别 identification n. 鉴明，验明identical adj. 完全相同的，同一的be identical with/to 和完全相同eg. The theme of this movie is identical with that of that book.7. frequent adj. 频繁的，常见的frequently adv. 常常，频繁地8. command n.& vt. 命令，指令，掌握have a command of 对有掌握command 引导宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气（should do 且 should 可省略）9. request
19、n. & vt. 请求，要求request that 宾语从句用虚拟语气（should do 且 should 可省略）make (a) request for 请求，要求in great request 大众非常需求 on request 应的要求request sth. from sb.向某人要某物at ones request/ at the request of sb. 应的要求as requested 依照请求 come into request 变得缺乏 by request (of) 依照请求，应邀comply with ones request 顺应某人的请求10. recog
20、nize vt. 辨认出，承认，公认eg. Sorry, I didnt recognize you when you wore your sunglasses yesterday.recognizeas 认出是recognize 指 “承认”时的固定用法：recognize sb. to be 承认某人是be recognized as/to be 某人被承认是11. straight adv.直接，挺直；adj. 直的，笔直的，正直的eg. Please go straight, and turn left at the first corner, then youll see a str
21、aight street.be straight with 对坦诚12. enrich vt. 使富裕，充实，改善，使肥沃后接具有抽象含义的一些名词作宾语。13. fluent adj. 流利的，流畅的Fluently adv. 常常，频繁地14. standard adj. 标准的，模范的（无比较等级）eg. Mary speaks standard English.nC. 标准，水平，规格，规范eg. This is a book that is a standard of literary excellence.15. expect vt. 预期，期望，指望，预料adj. expecte
22、d 预期的，预料的n. expectation 期望，预料expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事16. however adv. 可是，但是，然而(转折翻译，一般做插入语，可放句首，句中或句末，常用逗号隔开)（近义词：in spite of this, nevertheless ）conj. 不论怎样，无论以何种方式（相当于 no matter how）引导让步状语从句17. because of 因为，由于，多亏（近义词： thanks to, due to, owing to）后加名词性短语because of 可用于强调句中： It was because of th
23、e job that he had taken the flat.because of 后可接 what 从句，但此时 what 从句为宾语从句：She got angry because of what her boyfriend had said.because 是连词，引导原因状语从句18. come up 走近（draw near, approach ），上来，提出，（植物等）长出地面，出现，（太阳）升起come on 出场，进展，加油 come about 发生come up to 达到 come out 出版，结果是，出来come across/upon 偶遇，偶然发现come t
24、o 恢复知觉，共计，达到 come by 经过，获得come along 加紧，过来come down 下来，倒下，流传下来，病倒come back 回来，回忆起，恢复19. at present 现在，目前present n. 目前，礼物adj. 出席的，在场的，现在的，进行的vt. 赠送，提交，上演，介绍for the present 暂时 up to/till the present 直到现在be present to 出现在面前live in the present 适应当下形势present sb. with sth./ present sth. to sb. 赠送某人某物There
25、 is no time like the present.机不可失，时不再来20. make （good, full/the best/the most, little）use of （好好，充分，未）利用，使用make use of sth. to do sth.使用某物去做某事be of great use= be very useful be of no use 无用come into use 开始被使用 be in use 在使用be/go out of use 不再使用，废弃put/bringinto use 使得到使用Its no use doing sth. 做某事是无用的use
26、 sth. to do sth/ for doing sth 用某物来做某事be used to do sth./be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事get/be used to doing sth. 习惯于be used as 被用作21. such as 例如 ，像这种的（用于列举事物，一般不全部列举。插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间，不与 and so on 连用）for example 例如（用来举例说明，有时可作为插入语放在句中，不影响句子其他部分的语法关系）namely= that is 全部列举出来22. play a part in 扮演一个角色，参与= p
27、lay a role in23. more than 副词短语当后面加数词时，指“超过”=over当后面加名词、代词或动词时，指“不仅仅，不只是”= not onlyeg. Hibernation is more than sleep. Its a deep sleep.not more than“不超过” no more than=only“仅仅”24. go to the pictures 去看电影 =go to the movies25. at the end of 在之末（做状语、表语及修饰词）当后接时间（一般过去时/一般将来时）（反义词： at the beginning of）；后
28、还可接地点by the end of 在最后之前(常常结合完成时来考察)in the end 最后，最终（at last，finally），不接 of26. than ever before 比以往更（做时间状语）27. communicate with 与交流communicate 也可做为 vt. communicate sth. to munication n. 交流28. a large number of 绝大部分（后接可数名词的复数，谓语动词用原型）the number of的数量（后接可数名词的复数，但谓语动词要用三单形式）修饰可数名词复数的词，表示“许多”：(a good/gr
29、eat) many, quite a few, a large/great/small number of修饰不可数名词的词，表示“许多”：much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of既可修饰可数名词复数，又可修饰不可数名词，表示“许多”：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of29. Only time will tell 只有时间才可以证明30. without a second thought 不假思索 31. believe it or not ”不论信否” 常作插入语，
30、放在句首32. to this day ”直到现在”，作时间状语二、重点句型1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.even if / even though 是 conj. 引导让步状从2. English became less like German because those who ruled English spoke first Danish and later French.those who+ 定语从句As we
31、know, British English is a little different from American English.as 引导的非限定性定语从句3. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English asIt is +adj. (for sb) to do sth.与 It is +adj. (of sb) to do sth.It 作形式主语，to do sth.作真正的主语当形容词表示人的性格，品质等用 for,其余情况用 of。4. One reason is that English has a large One
32、 reason is that + 表语从句5 This is because in the early days of radio those who reported the newsThis is because + 表语从句in the early days 早期（day 的另外一个意思为“时期”）6. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.the way+(in which/that/省略)+ 定语从句此处的 that 是关系副词，定语从句中当 that 表示方式，
33、时间或地点时，则 that 可作为关系副词使用。当先行词为 the way 时，关系副词用 in which 或者 that，并且可以省略。7. Then along comes this catfish bout the size of a house. Then along comes .全倒装full inversion：当地点介词短语提到句首时；当地点副词提到句首时，当方位副词提到句首时；当动词的过去分词作表语或者及其短语，作为形容词提到句首时三、语法：直接引语和间接引语（请求和命令）祈使句（或疑问形式的祈使句）通常改为 ask/tell/order+宾语+ 不定式的简单句。eg. “
34、Open the door.” father said.- Father told me to open the door.“Would you please pass me the book?” he said.-He asked me to pass him the book.四、交际运用How to solve the difficulties in language communication；1. 请求重复法：I beg your pardon? 2. 提出问题法：What do you mean by? 3. 描述释义法： What about her age?4. 总结法：So you mean?How to describe directions；Asking and showing the way
