1、1毕业论文开题报告英语王尔德童话故事中的死亡主题ONTHETHEMEOFDEATHINOSCARWILDESFAIRYTALES一、选题的背景与意义19世纪末唯美主义思潮的代表作家奥斯卡王尔德是继莎士比亚以后，为西方读者阅读最多，其作品被翻译为最多种语言的英国作家，历来就是一位颇具争议的人物。他在一生中从事多种文学实践，作品涉及诗歌、戏剧、小说、童话和文艺批评等诸多领域。与同时代其他作家相比，王尔德显得更为叛逆，在创作过程中他推崇“为艺术而艺术”的信条，张扬个体自由，崇尚个性发展，同时以惊世骇俗的言论和生活方式向传统的维多利亚道德体系发起了挑战。童话是王尔德作品中的一个特殊而重要的组成部分，是
2、其唯美主义艺术主张的一种实践，也是他自我真实的一种展示，更是对其自我命运的一种反思和预言。王尔德共出版两部童话集快乐王子和石榴屋，总计9篇童话。其创作的童话和维多利亚的传统童话相比，既是一种继承和发展，又是一种颠覆与背叛，它们不仅是为孩子而写，也是为那些和王尔德惺惺相惜的成年人而写。尽管近年来学术界对于王尔德的热情不断增长，其创作的童话相较于其他类型的文学作品，依然处于一个被忽视的地位，缺乏系统性的有深度的研究。关于王尔德创作童话的动机学术界有不同的猜测，如“情感发展的不健全”和“同性恋倾向”之说。以往对王尔德童话的研究大多致力于分析其童话中体现的唯美主义价值观，探讨他在创作中如何贯彻“艺术至
3、上”的唯美主义思想，而对于王尔德童话中一个明显的倾向，即均以死亡为结局却给予有意识的忽略。对于王尔德的童话，现有的研究多关注其艺术特色和艺术价值，而对于其提供的感性体验以及作者在创作中体现的意图和道德倾向鲜有涉及。本文对王尔德的9篇童话有系统的分析，关注于其中的死亡主题，以分析王尔德的唯美主义美学主张为媒介，探讨作者的死亡叙述手法以及死亡主题的艺术价值和道德意义。2二、研究的基本内容与拟解决的主要问题研究的基本内容作为成人童话，王尔德的童话是对传统审美和伦理的一种挑战。他以一种唯美主义的笔触，描画了其他童话作家不曾描述的事物。本选题试图在分析王尔德童话艺术特色的基础上，探讨作者隐藏于其死亡主题
4、背后的深意。主要分为5个部分1唯美主义诞生的背景，以及其自诞生起即带有的反叛精神和愤世意识；2王尔德的唯美主义主张及其个人的创作特色（“艺术至上”的主张，以反对派的姿态对社会传统道德的挑战）；3王尔德童话中的死亡主题；31死亡在王尔德童话中的表现形式（9篇童话中死亡结局的不同表现方式）；32王尔德童话的哲学思考，其死亡主题的意蕴321王尔德唯美主义的体现（王尔德式的童话意象，对维多利亚时代传统的继承和颠覆，对安徒生童话的继承发展）；322死亡主题的道德色彩；4王尔德童话死亡主题的思想渊源51对古希腊、罗马悲剧传统的传承；52死亡是救赎的必要途径，死亡的宗教象征意义；5总结部分拟解决的主要问题分
5、析王尔德童话的艺术特色，并探讨其死亡主题所蕴含的作者情感和道德深意，以及其和其他小说或童话的死亡主题的不同之处。三、研究的方法与技术路线本选题通过文本细读，运用社会道德批评的方法，采用文献检索、对比分析、归纳分析等手段，对王尔德的快乐王子和石榴屋两本童话集进行研究。本课题研究的手段主要分为（1）搜集资料的方法资料的主要来源是各高校出版刊物和论文文献资料，其中论文文献资料主要3来自于CKNI网上数据库。在理论研究阶段，收集参考文献资料后，对前人的研究成果进行阅读和分析，为文章的撰写提供了大量客观的事实依据。（2）分析资料的方法分析资料的主要方法是综合法与比较法。综合法是从宏观把握，综合资料反映的
6、总体情况，目前存在的现象及发展趋势；比较法包括与同时期作者的作品的比较，同时期同作者作品的比较，从微观把握，比较相似点与不同点。四、研究的总体安排与进度第7学期（20102011学年第1学期）第16周（9月6日至10月17日）1、登陆“高校毕业论文网络平台”，完善个人信息。2、完成选题。3、导师确认选题，确立指导关系。第717周（10月18日至12月30日）4、下载任务书，依据计划开始写作。5、查阅文献资料，写出文献综述（201010251126）。6、上传文献综述（1126日截止）。7、根据导师的评论和建议，修改文献综述，满意后上传。8、开始文献翻译，并上传。9、根据导师的修改建议，修改文献
7、翻译。10、撰写开题报告，并上传（20101230之前完成）11、根据导师的建议，修改开题报告，并上传定稿。第18周到第二学期第14周（2011年1月4日至5月29日）12、2011年1月3月11日，撰写论文提纲以及初稿，上传论文初稿。13、2011年3月12日3月22日，论文修改第一稿。14、2011年3月23日4月16日，论文修改第二稿、第三稿。15、2011年4月17日4月18日，毕业论文定稿，并上传。16、2011年5月15日论文答辩。五、主要参考文献（不少于10项，其中外文文献至少2篇）RABY,PETER2001THECAMBRIDGECOMPANIONTOOSCARWILDESH
8、ANGHAISHANGHAI4FOREIGNLANGUAGEEDUCATIONPRESSSILLINGLAW,ANN2006TELLINGBEAUTIFULUNTRUETHINGSTHEFAIRYTALESOFOSCARWILDECHICAGOLOYOLAUNIVERSITYTATAR,MARIA1999THECLASSICFAIRYTALESNEWYORKANORTONCRITICALEDITIONWILDE,OSCAR2009THEHAPPYPRINCEFAIRYTALESOFOSCARWILDEBEIJINGTSINGHUAUNIVERSITYPRESS陈瑞红（2009），奥斯卡王尔德与
9、宗教审美化问题。外国文学评论。陈丽，蒋冰清（2009），王尔德童话中的死亡意象分析。牡丹江大学学报。贺兰（2001），王尔德。上海百家出版社。李元，（2008），唯美主义的浪荡子奥斯卡王尔德研究。北京外语教学与研究出版社。刘紫萱（2010），论王尔德童话中的悲观色彩。衡阳师范学院学报。吴刚，（2009），王尔德文艺理论研究。上海上海外语教学出版社。张介明，唯美叙事王尔德新论。上海上海科学社会院出版社。5毕业论文文献综述英语王尔德童话故事中的死亡主题ONTHETHEMEOFDEATHINOSCARWILDESFAIRYTALESHAVINGRECEIVEDINSPIRATIONFROMGERMA
10、NCLASSICALAESTHETICSANDBEINGINFLUENCEDBYSYMBOLISMANDDECADENCEINFRANCE,BRITISHAESTHETICMOVEMENTEMERGEDINTHELATEOF19THCENTURY,EMPHASIZINGAESTHETICVALUESOVERMORALORSOCIALTHEMESITBEGANWITHTHERERAPHAELITEBROTHERHOODSACTIVITIESINTHELATEVICTORIANPERIOD,EXPERIENCEDALMOSTHALFACENTURYANDISCOMMONLYCONSIDEREDTO
11、HAVEFACEDDECLINEWITHTHETRIALOFOSCARWILDEIN1895OSCARWILDE,THECOREFIGUREOFBRITISHAESTHETICMOVEMENT,WROTENINEFAIRYTALESTOREFLECTHISAESTHETICTHOUGHTHISFAIRYTALESWEREDIFFERENTFROMTHETRADITIONALVICTORIANTALES,BUT“TOOKASHARPDETOURINTOANAESTHETICSENSIBILITY”ALMOSTEVERYTALEOFHIMENDEDWITHDEATH,WHICHADDEDMYSTI
12、QUEANDATTRACTIONTOTHEMFOREIGNANDDOMESTICSTUDIESONOSCARWILDESAESTHETICISM1RESEARCHESDONEBYFOREIGNSCHOLARSSINCEMOSTLITERARYCONCEPTSOFAESTHETICISMARENOTORIGINAL,BUTAREFURTHERDEVELOPEDFROMGERMANCLASSICALAESTHETICSANDSOMEOFITSTECHNIQUESAREDERIVEDFROMFRENCHSYMBOLISMANDDECADENCE,ITISREGARDEDASATRANSITIONAL
13、THOUGHTFROMROMANTICISMTOMODERNISMBYSOMETRADITIONALCRITICS,RATHERTHANANINDEPENDENTIMPORTANTGENRERENEWELLEK1965DIDNOTAPPRECIATEAESTHETICISMORITSOUTSTANDINGREPRESENTATIVEOSCARWILDEVERYMUCHINHISAHISTORYOFMODERNCRITICISM17501950,INSTEAD,HETHOUGHTTHATCONSIDERINGWILDESLEGENDENDOWEDHIMWITHASPECIALGLORY,HEAC
14、TUALLYDIDNOTDESERVETHEREPUTATIONORPOSITIONHEHADGOTINTHEHISTORYOFLITERARYCRITICISMBASEDONHISLITERARYTHEORYORWORKSDECLANKIBERD2001CONSIDEREDOSCARWILDEREPRESENTED“THERESURGENCEOFLYING”FORHIM,“ARTISNEITHERNATURENORAMIRRORHELDTONATURE,BUTADELIBERATE6IMPROVEMENTONIT,”ONLYARTCANCARRYOUTGOODINTENTIONSOFNATU
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16、BEAUTIFULTHINGSLIKEHESAID,“ITISTHESPECTATOR,ANDNOTLIFE,THATARTREALLYMIRRORS,”WILDEBELIEVEDTHATLITERATUREALWAYSANTICIPATESLIFEANDMOULDSITTOITSPURPOSE,SOTHEWRITERCOULDDESCRIBETHINGSACCORDINGTOHISPERCEPTUALKNOWLEDGERATHERTHANTHEREALWORLDBWILDEREGARDEDFUNASBEAUTIFULTHINGS“THEREISNOSUCHTHINGASAMORALORANI
17、MMORALBOOKBOOKSAREWELLWRITTEN,ORBADLYWRITTEN,”INHISEYES,ETHICALSYMPATHIESMADENOSENSEFORANARTIST,“VICEANDVIRTUEARETOTHEARTISTMATERIALSFORANART”CWILDEREGARDEDIMAGINATIONASBEAUTIFULTHINGS,FROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFTHEPROGRESSOFANARTISTSCREATIONOUTOFHISDISAPPOINTMENTABOUT“UNCOUTHREALISMANDUNIMAGINATIVEIMITATI
18、ON”INHISTIME,WILDESPOKEHIGHLYOFIMAGINATIONDURINGCREATIONTOHIGHLIGHTTHEAUTONOMYOFARTDWILDEREGARDEDINNOVATIONOFFORMSASBEAUTIFULTHINGSWITHHISWORDS“THATFORM,WHICHISTHEBIRTHOFPASSION,ISALSOTHEDEATHOFPAIN”ACTINGASANEVIDENCEOFHISPURSUITFORFORMOFANARTISTICWORK,WILDESHOWEDANEXTREMEFAVORANDTOOKTHEUNITYOFARTIS
19、TICCONTENTANDFORMINTOSERIOUSACCOUNT,WHICHWASLATERDEVELOPEDASANIMPORTANTRESULTOFMODERNISMLIYUAN2008STATEDTWODISTINCTCHARACTERSOFWILDESAESTHETICISMHISRELIGIOUSLIKEWORSHIPFORARTANDHISPRACTICEOFARTINLIFE,INADDITION,HEREFERREDTOACONCEPT“DANDY”INHISRESEARCHTOWARDSOSCARWILDE,ASHECONSIDEREDWILDEASATYPICALRE
20、PRESENTIVEOF“DANDY”OFAESTHETICISMTOSOMEEXTENT,ARTPROVIDESAHIGHQUALITYLIVINGSPACEFORARTISTS,INWHICHTHEYCANCOMPLETETHEIRSELFCONSTRUCTIONTOREALIZETHEMSELVESARTWASNOTASIMPLEIMITATIONORANAWARENESSOFSOMETHINGFORWILDE,BUTAKINDOFPRACTICE,AWAYOFLIFE,APROGRESSOFCREATINGMEANINGFULTHINGSANDCONSTRUCTINGHIMSELFCR
21、EATINGANARTWORLDENABLEDHIMASENSEOFBELONGINGANDPRESENCE7ASTHECOREFIGUREINBRITISHAESTHETICISMMOVEMENT,OSCARWILDEWASMOREREBELLIOUSTHANHISCONTEMPORARYARTISTSDESPITEOFTHEREPUTATIONHEGOTINLITERARYANDARTCIRCLESOFHISERA,HEWASANIRISHINENGLISHSOCIETYANDAHOMOSEXUAL,BEINGMARGINALIZEDWITHANINTENSESENSEOFIDENTITY
22、CRISISDISAGREEINGWITHTHESTEREOTYPESOFCLASSICALREALISM,WILDEDEVOTEDHIMSELFTOTHENEWLITERARYGENREAESTHETICISM,TODISPLAYANDFLAUNTHISDIFFERENCEFROMTHEORDINARYASADANDYWUGANG2009EXPLOREDOSCARWILDESLITERARYANDARTTHEORYFROMTWOMAJORASPECTSHISAESTHETICVIEWOFNATUREANDHISAESTHETICVIEWOFLIFEWHENWILDEEXPRESSEDHISO
23、PINIONSABOUTNATURE,HEREVEALEDATRENDOFIDEALISMTOEMPHASIZEARTISTSSIGNIFICANCEINAESTHETICACTIVITIESANDTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENAESTHETICACTIVITIESANDDAILYLIFEHEDEGRADEDTHENATUREFORITSSIMPLELAWANDSLOWCHANGE,WHILEARTISTICCREATIONPURSUESCOMPLICATEDBEAUTYBEINGRESTRICTEDWITHNATURALLAWS,ARTWOULDRECEIVENEGATIVEEFF
24、ECTSANDBEDESTROYEDGRADUALLYREGARDINGTHENATUREASTHEOBJECTIVEOFARTISTICCREATIONACTIVITIESANDUTILIZINGARTISTICRULESTOREMOLDIT,ARTISTSTRANSFORMEDFROMPASSIVE,WEAKIMITATORSTOINITIATIVE,POWERFULCREATORSASFORWILDESAESTHETICISMVIEWOFLIFE,HETHOUGHTTHATLIFECANSOMETIMESBEAPARTOFTHEMATERIALSFORARTISTICACTIVITIES
25、WITHTHEARTISTSIMAGINATIONASNECESSARYMEDIAARTISTSSHOULDAVOIDANYFORMORTHEMEOFMODERNITYFORTHEIRCLOSELINKWITHTHEREALLIFEWOULDINTERFERETHEARTISTSCREATION,EVENDESTROYTHEPURITYOFTHEARTINTHEIRWORKSTHEREALBEAUTIFULTHINGSARETHOSEINDEPENDENTFROMREALLIFE,WHICHWOULDEVERBECOMEOBSOLESCENCEFOREIGNANDDOMESTICSTUDIES
26、ONDEATHINFAIRYTALES1RESEARCHESDONEBYFOREIGNSCHOLARSACCORDINGTOJACKZIPES2001,FAIRYTALES“SERVEAMEANINGFULSOCIALFUNCTION,NOTJUSTFORCOMPENSATIONBUTFORREVELATIONTHEWORLDSPROJECTEDBYTHEBESTOFOURFAIRYTALESREVEALTHEGAPSBETWEENTRUTHANDFALSEHOODINOURIMMEDIATESOCIETY”MARIATATAR1998INDICATEDTHAT“ALTHOUGHFAIRYTA
27、LESARESTILLARGUABLYTHEMOSTPOWERFULLYFORMATIVETALESOFCHILDHOODANDPERMEATEMASSMEDIAFORCHILDRENANDADULTS,”ITISUSUALTOFINDTHEMDEEMEDOF“MARGINALCULTURALIMPORTANCEAND8DISMISSEDASUNWORTHYOFCRITICALATTENTION”HOWEVER,ALOTOFWRITERSHAILEDANDMADEANEFFORTTOCAPTURE“PURITY,”“SIMPLICITY”AND“INNOCENTEXTRAVAGANCE”OFL
28、ITERARYFAIRYTALESTOPRAISETHEFAIRYTALESASPOWERFULINSTRUMENTSOFCONSTRUCTIVESOCIALIZATIONINTHECLASSICFAIRYTALESEDITEDBYMARIATATAR1998,THEREISACHAPTERCONCERNINGOSCARWILDESFAIRYTALESHETHOUGHTITISUNEXPECTEDTHATASAWRITERWHOBELIEVEDHIS“FIRSTDUTYINLIFE”WASTOBE“ASARTIFICIALASPOSSIBLE,”WILDEWOULDHAVETURNEDTOTH
29、EGENREOFTHEFAIRYTALESSOMECRITICSATTRIBUTEDHISCHOICETOEMBRACETHEGENREOFFAIRYTALETOHIS“HOMOSEXUALTENDENCIES,”ANDTHEYTHOUGHTWILDESFAIRYTALESAREDIRECTLYANDEXPLICITLYLINKEDTOHISHOMOSEXUALPRACTICESHEMETMRROBERTBALDWINROSSIN1886ANDTHEEFFECTSOFTHISUNFORGETTABLEENCOUNTERARETOBESEENINHISWORKSTHEHAPPYPRINCEWAS
30、PUBLISHEDIN1888ANDWASFOLLOWEDUPIN1891,WHENWILDEMADE“HISSECONDUNFORTUNATEFRIENDSHIP,WITHLORDALFREDDOUGLAS,BYTHEHOUSEPOMEGRANATESTHEREISNOTHINGHEREFOREXULTATION”TATAREXPLOREDTHEKINSHIPBETWEENWILDESFAIRYTALESANDHANSANDERSONSASWELLWILDESFAIRYTALESWERESORTOFWRITINGAFTERTHEMANNEROFANDERSONANDHISDEEPLYRESP
31、ECTFORTHISDANISHWRITERWASEVIDENTINHIS“THEFISHERMANANDHISSOUL”ALTHOUGHWILDEMIGHTBEGINSOMEOFHISFAIRYTALESWITHTHEPHRASE“ONCEUPONATIME”LIKEANDERSON,HENEVERENDEDTHEMUPWITH“THEYLIVEDHAPPILYEVERAFTER”INSTEAD,ALMOSTEVERYTALEOFHISCULMINATEDINDEATHDIFFERENTWITHANDERSON,WILDEDIDNOTTRYTOFINDSALVATIONINHISFAIRYT
32、ALESONTHECONTRARY,HEDECLARED“NOGOODDEEDGOESUNPUNISHED”HEFOUND“SUFFERINGMARVELOUSANDCHARGEDWITHMYSTERY,BUTHEALSOISNOTALWAYSWILLINGTOENDOWITWITHTRANSCENDENTMEANING”INASENSE,THEPROMISEOFREDEMPTION“RINGSHOLLOW”INHISTALES,ANDTHISACTEDASANEVIDENCEOFWILDESREBELLIOUSCONSCIOUSNESSTOHISERAASANAESTHETEANNSHILL
33、INGLAW2006FIGUREDOUTTHATEVENTHEVICTORIANS“BELIEVEDONTHEVALUEOFHUMANSUFFERING,”“THEINTENSITYOFTHESUFFERINGOFHISHEROES,THEFOCUSUPONTHEIRSUFFERING,ANDTHESELFCAUSEDNATUREOFTHEIRSUFFERINGAREARESULTOFWILDESAESTHETICVALUES,RATHERTHANTYPICALOFTHEVICTORIANFAIRYTALE”WILDESAWSUFFERINGENABLEDAPERSONTODEVELOPAND
34、EVOLVE,ANDHEWASSURPRISINGLYINTERESTED9IN“HEART,”THEQUINTESSENTIALVICTORIANSYMBOLFORSENTIMENTESPECIALLY,THEWOUNDED,BLEEDINGANDBROKENHEARTPLAYEDAPARTICULARROLEINWILDESFAIRYTALES2RESEARCHESDONEBYDOMESTICSCHOLARSSIMULTANEOUSLY,DOMESTICSCHOLARSFOCUSEDONTHEAESTHETICCHARACTERSWHENTHEYSTUDIEDWILDESFAIRYTALE
35、STHEHAPPYPRINCEANDTHESWALLOWPLAYINGTHEROLEASEMBODIMENTOFCHARITY,THENIGHTINGALESACRIFICINGHERLIFEFORAREDROSEOFLOVEANDSTARCHILDSCHANGEREFLECTINGRETURNANDPURIFYINGOFHUMANSSOUL,ALLOFTHESESURREALAESTHETICIMAGESSERVEASIDEALCARRIERSOFWILDESETHICS,ASWELLASTHEEMBODIMENTOFHISIDEALPERSONALITYLIUMAOSHENG2008NOT
36、ICEDTHATEVENWILDEREPEATEDLYEMPHASIZED“ANETHICALSYMPATHYINANARTISTISANUNPARDONABLEMANNERISMOFSTYLE,”HISFAIRYTALES,HOWEVER,DIVULGEDHISDESIREFORANIDEALPERSONALITY,WHICHFORMSAPARADOXOFHISTHEORYANDWORKSDEATHISANETERNALLITERARYTHEMEANDACOMMONTOPICFORMODERNISMARTISTSTHETHOUGHTFORDEATH,INQINYANS2008OPINION,
37、ISNOTONLYATRADITIONALCULTUREOFCHRISTIANITY,BUTALSOALITERARYTHEMEATTRACTINGWRITERSCONCERNINGHAVINGREALIZEDTHELIMITSOFLIFEANDHUMANSDOOMEDDESTINATION,THEARTISTSDEDICATEDTHEMSELVESTOEXPLORINGTHEMEANINGOFLIFEANDTHEVALUEOFPEOPLESSPIRITUALLIFEALONGWITHTHESPREADOFCHRISTIANITY,THECONCEPTIONOFORIGINALSINATONE
38、MENTDEATHIMMORTALHASPERMEATEDAMONGEUROPEANSDEATHAFTERSUFFERINGSORPAINSISREGARDEDASTHEONLYROUTETOTHEHEAVENTOOBTAINETERNALHAPPINESSNEVERTHELESS,THEINDUSTRIALCIVILIZATIONSEXPANSIONINTHELATEOF19THCENTURYBROUGHTTHEDECLINEOFWESTERNERSSPIRITUALWORLDASARESULT,HUMANNATUREWASDISTORTED,CONTROLLEDBYTHESICKSTRON
39、GDESIRESFORMONEY,POWERORLUSTANDPEOPLENOLONGERBELIEVEDINANYTHINGEXPECTTHEMSELVESAFTERBEINGRELEASEDFROMCONSTRAINTSOFTHEGODANDTRADITIONALMORALS,WHATPEOPLEFELT,UNEXPECTEDLY,ISTHEEMPTINESSINMINDSRATHERTHANJOYOFFREEDOMINTHISSENSE,FORARTISTS,STUDYINGTHECONSCIOUSNESSOFDEATHINLITERATUREISTOSEEKFORAWAYTOSURPA
40、SSTHEEVILOFMODERNWESTERNCIVILIZATION,GETTINGRIDOFTHEDESPAIRORDECADENCE,ANDTOACHIEVEANIMMORTALLIFEINTHESPIRITUALWORLDLIUZIXUAN2010DEEMEDWILDEASA“DECADENTWRITER”FORHEREVEALEDAPESSIMISTICATTITUDETOWARDSLIFEANDTHEWORLDINHISFAIRYTALESCOLLECTIONTHEHAPPY10PRINCEHISPESSIMISMGAVEBIRTHTOBEAUTY,DISPLAYINGINTHR
41、EEASPECTSDISAPPOINTMENTFORHUMANSCOLDNESS,LOSSFORLOVEANDDESPERATIONFORLIFEACCORDINGTOLIUSSTUDY,THISWASCAUSEDBYHISCONTEMPORARYSOCIETY,HISOWNLIFEEXPERIENCEASWELLASWESTERNTRAGEDYTRADITIONCHENLIANDJIANGBINGQING2009CLASSIFIEDTHEREASONSOFDEATHINWILDESFAIRYTALESINTOFOURMAINTYPESSUFFERINGANDPAIN,LOVE,NATURAL
42、DEATHANDFRIENDSHIPDEATHINWILDESFAIRYTALESALLSEEMEDPEACEFUL,EVENBEAUTIFUL,WITHOUTANYCRUELORBLOODYCONDITIONSCHENANDJIANGSUMMARIZEDFOURKINDSOFIMPLIEDMEANINGSOFDEATHS,INCLUDINGCRITICISMANDSATIREOFSOCIALREALITY,SYMPATHYFORTHEWEAK,ANEXTOLLINGFORPURELOVEANDADVOCATINGOFMORALITY,BASEDONTHEIRASSUMPTIONTHATTHO
43、SEDEATHSWEREANEVIDENCEOFWILDESCONCERNSFORSOCIETYANDMORALSIIIEXISTINGLIMITATIONSANDRESEARCHPLANSDESPITEANINCREASINGSCHOLARLYINTERESTINOSCARWILDE,THEREISNOSUSTAINED,INDEPTHSTUDYOFHISFAIRYTALESITSEEMSTHATEVENRECENTSIGNIFICANTWORKSORCOLLECTIONSONWILDEOVERLOOKHISFAIRYTALESASFORTHOSEEXISTEDARTICLESBYDOMES
44、TICSCHOLARS,THEYPAIDMUCHMOREATTENTIONTOHISAESTHETICISMTHEORYREFLECTEDINTHEFAIRYTALESTHANTHETHEMEOFDEATHSMEANINGANDTHEYSOMETIMESMISUNDERSTOODWILDESMORALTENDENCIESINTHEIRSTUDYINVIEWOFTHOSEACADEMICRESEARCHWRITINGS,AFURTHERSTUDYOFOSCARWILDESFAIRYTALESFROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFITSTHEMEOFDEATHISQUITEMEANINGFULI
45、NMYDISSERTATION,IWILLANALYZEHISFAIRYTALESFROMTHREEMAINASPECTSTHEFAIRYTALESLITERARYDEFINITION,THEREFLECTIONOFWILDESAESTHETICISMIDEASINHISFAIRYTALESANDTHETHEMEOFDEATHWITHITSARTISTICVALUEANDMORALMEANING主要参考文献（不少于10项，其中外文文献至少2篇）RABY,PETER2001THECAMBRIDGECOMPANIONTOOSCARWILDESHANGHAISHANGHAIFOREIGNLANGUA
46、GEEDUCATIONPRESSSILLINGLAW,ANN2006TELLINGBEAUTIFULUNTRUETHINGSTHEFAIRYTALESOFOSCARWILDECHICAGOLOYOLAUNIVERSITYTATAR,MARIA1999THECLASSICFAIRYTALESNEWYORKANORTONCRITICALEDITIONWILDE,OSCAR2009THEHAPPYPRINCEFAIRYTALESOFOSCARWILDEBEIJINGTSINGHUA11UNIVERSITYPRESS陈瑞红（2009），奥斯卡王尔德与宗教审美化问题。外国文学评论。陈丽，蒋冰清（2009
47、），王尔德童话中的死亡意象分析。牡丹江大学学报。贺兰（2001），王尔德。上海百家出版社。李元，（2008），唯美主义的浪荡子奥斯卡王尔德研究。北京外语教学与研究出版社。刘紫萱（2010），论王尔德童话中的悲观色彩。衡阳师范学院学报。吴刚，（2009），王尔德文艺理论研究。上海上海外语教学出版社。张介明，唯美叙事王尔德新论。上海上海科学社会院出版社。12本科毕业论文（20届）ONTHETHEMEOFDEATHINOSCARWILDESFAIRYTALES13摘要王尔德创作的童话故事，是其“为艺术而艺术”的美学思想的反映。他的童话被认为是“成人童话”，不仅是其唯美主义艺术主张的一种实践，也是他自
48、我真实的一种展示，是对传统伦理与审美的一种挑战。不同于传统的童话，王尔德的童话几乎都以死亡为结局。关注于王尔德童话中的死亡主题，并通过对其9篇童话的系统分析，本文认为，王尔德对死亡主题的偏爱，主要源于其对古希腊传统悲剧的喜爱以及对于基督教的宗教信仰。凭借对死亡的描述，王尔德既表达了其唯美主义的独特美学观点，也表达了其对社会现实、人类冷漠的不满与批判和对美好人性的讴歌与期待。【关键词】唯美主义；王尔德；童话；死亡主题ABSTRACTASAREPRESENTATIVEOFBRITISHAESTHETICISMMOVEMENT,OSCARWILDEWROTE9FAIRYTALESACCORDINGT
49、OHISAESTHETICPRINCIPLE“ARTFORARTSSAKE”HISFAIRYTALES,WHICHAREREGARDEDASTALESFORADULTS,ACTASAPRACTICEOFHISAESTHETICISMTHEORY,SHOWINGHISTHOUGHTSINSIDEANDPOSINGACHALLENGETOTHETRADITIONALETHICSANDAESTHETICCONCEPTIONSDIFFERENTFROMTRADITIONALFAIRYTALES,ALMOSTEVERYTALEOFWILDECULMINATESINDEATHCONCENTRATINGONTHETHEMEOFDEATHINWILDESFAIRYTALESANDTAKINGANANALYSISOFHISNINETALESSYSTEMATICALLY,THISTHESISDRAWSACONCLUSIONTHATWILDESPREFERENCEFORDEATHMOTIFISORIGINATEDFROMHISOBSESSIONWITHGREEKTRAGEDYCLASSICSANDHISRELIGIOUSFAITHFORCHRISTIANITYTHROUGHTHOSEDESCRI
