1、定语从句请看下面的句子：I want to know the boy who is the tallest.句子做定语修饰 boy（一）概念:定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子， 叫定语从句。先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。（2）定语从句的分类、限定性定语从句：从句不可少，没有它，先行词的意思不明确，主句也不完整。与先行词之间不用逗号。e.g:This is the book that/which I want.、非限定性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，没有它不会影响先行词或主句意思的完整性。 从句一般用逗号同主句分开。e.g:Mr. Green，
2、who is watching TV，is my uncle.（三）(限定性)定语从句的结构Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词 关系词 定语从句关系代词 关系副词which, who, whom,whose, that where, when, why（四）定语从句的实质：二句合一（合并条件：人物先行在句一，又占句二一席地）Mary is a girl.合并为一个句子She has long hair.思路：留（保留先行词）-舍（舍去与先行词互指的词）-替（用关系词代替舍去部分）Mary is a girl who/that has long hair.请
3、把下列句子二句合一1. I saw the man.He closed the door2.The girl is happy. She won the race3.The man called the police . His wallet was stolen（五） 定语从句关系词的确定: a.先行词的分类 b.先行词在从句中充当的成分1.先行词做主语 人：who/that物：which/that2.先行词做宾语 人：who/whom/that物：which/that3.先行词做定语 人：whose物：whose/of which4.先行词做状语：先行词做状语： when, where,
4、why who, whom, whose, that 用法区别. who /that 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.做题思路：先分解分析再合并分解 The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.作主语 Whom /that 作定语从句的宾语The woman（ whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.分解 The woman is a teacher.They wanted t
5、o visit the woman.作宾语注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略. whose 作定语从句的定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解 I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语小结：关系词判断步骤 首先，要辨别出先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用 who, that whom, whose。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用 which 或 that 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词 主语 宾语 定语人 who, that who(m), that whos
6、e物 which,thatwhich, that whose, of which巩固练习：用适当代关系词填空1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.（六）只能用 that,不能用 which 的情况：(1)先行词为 all, everything，anything，nothing, s
7、omething, nothing ,few, little, much, the one等不定代词时；(2)先行词被形容词最高级所修饰或被 the only, the very, the last, any, few, little , no, all, one of 等修饰时：(3)先行词为数词或被序数词（含 last)修饰时。（4）先行词是并列词组既有人又有物时。(5)在以 who, which 开头的句子中为了避免重复。口诀：不定代词这一伙，全用 that 准没错先行词前有修饰，千万不能用 which.请在以下例句中体会以上规则：1. Here is something that I
8、will tell you.2.We havent got much that we can offer you.3. Is it the one that you want ?4.This is the most interesting story that I have ever heard.5. I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see.6.Which is the bike that you lost?7.Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（七
9、）只能使用（七）只能使用 which 的情况的情况 1.关系代词前有介词时；关系代词前有介词时； 2.先行词本身是先行词本身是 that 时；时； 3.非限定定语从句非限定定语从句 口诀口诀 :要有要有 which 别着急，别着急， 介词提前逗隔离。介词提前逗隔离。 e.g:1.This is the classroom in which we studied for two year. 2.She has two dolls， which are from her parents单项选择： 1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A.
10、 that B. who C. whom D. this 2. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. that B. whose C. which D. as 3. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. which C. who D. whom 4.Is this factory a lot of students visited ?A. the one B. which C. who D. who 5. The only langua
11、ge _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. / D. it 6. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all 7. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who 注意： 当关系词作定语从句的主语时
12、，从句谓语动词的形式应与先行词的人称和数保持一致。若句中无先行词，先补出先行词再判断用法。 （4,7 题）完成下列句子：1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.who saved the boy s lifeThis is the doctor 2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.who is running The man is my uncle.3.我看见一位钱包丢失了的妇女。I saw a woman whose bag was stolen /whose bag was lost.4. 住在隔壁的那个小伙的是教师.The young man is a teacher.who lives next
13、door注意：定语从句的时态不受主句影响。【定语从句中考真题演练】1、There are lots of things _ I need to prepare before the trip. (河北省卷)A. who B. that C. whom D. whose2、Jim dislikes people _talk much but never do anything. （吉林省通化市）A.whom B.when C.whose D.who3、I hear Sam has gone to Qiandiao for his holiday. （江苏省南京市）-Oh,how nice!Do
14、you know when he_?A.left B.was leaving C.has left D.had left4、We are trying to help those children _lost their parents in Yushu , Qinghai Province. (浙江省衢州市)A. which B. when C. who D. whose5、Do you know the girl _is singing in the classroom? (湖南长沙)A.who B.which C.when6、The volunteers are doing a grea
15、t job in Yushu. （江苏省扬州市）-Yes.They are helping the people _are suffering from the earthquake.A.which B.what C./ D.who7、Have you found the answer to the question _I asked you this morning? （四川省成都市）A.when B.what C.that8、Friends are those_ make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you
16、 to succeed. （河南省）A which B what C whom D who9、I began to work in Shanghai in the year _ HongKong was returned to China. （湖北省十堰市）A.that B.which C.where D.when10、This is the school _ I studied three years ago. （山东省菏泽市）A. where B. when C. that D. which11、What do you usually do in your leisure time? （黑
17、龙江省哈尔滨市）I enjoy reading in the library _ I lose myself in a world of good books.A. which B. that C. where12、The village _I visited last year has changed a lot. （福建省福州市）-Really?I hope to go there on day.A.that B.who C.when13、This is my beautiful school _ is near the famous library. （广西省桂林市）A. where B. which C. who D. when14、The old woman _ is wearing a pair of glasses _ Mrs. Black. （黑龙江省鸡西市）A. which, are B. who, are C. who, is15、Do you like music _ makes you relaxed? （广西省定西市）A. it B. what C. who D. that
