1、 初中英语语法宾语从句讲解概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，可做谓语动词 /介词短语的宾语。E.g: He said,“I am good at drawing”. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 中考考点：连接词的原则宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态宾语从句的连接词(1) that 引导宾语从句时无意义，无成分，可省略She said (that) she wanted to go there. (2) whether 或 if 引导的(是否），句尾有 or
2、 not 时，只能用 whetherShe asked if/whether I was interested in geography. 21*cnjy*comcnjIm not sure whether he will come or not. 注意：一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以互用，但有些情况例外a. 介词短语后只用 whether 不用 if e.g: We are talking about whether well go on the panic. b. 引导词与动词不定式(to do)或 or not 连用时，只用 whether. e.g:I cant say w
3、hether or not he will come on time.c. if 当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示 如果 ，不能用 whether. E.g: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. (3).特殊疑问词 引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。特殊疑问词为：What ，which ，who ，whom，whose. when, where, why， how宾语从句语序：陈述语序，主+谓+其他解题技巧；淘汰疑问语序 :be/助动词/情态动词+主语Can you tell me how old you are
4、.注意：有些问句，疑问词就是句子的主语，所以问句本身就是陈述语序，在变成宾语从句时无需发生变化。What is happening over there？-Do you know what is happening over there？Whats wrong with you？What is the matter？.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制，可按需要使用任何时态(主现从任)e.g: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? 【来源：21世纪教育网】She says she is going to go to Bei
5、jing next week. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时）主过从必过She didnt know why the boy was late again. (一般过去)Tom said he was reading a book at this time yesterday.（过去进行时）I didnt know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成）I wondered when she
6、was going to America.（过去将来）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。 主任从现E.g: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.） 巩固练习1.Have you decided _for Australia? A. when will you leave B. when do you le
7、ave C. you will leave when D. when you will leave 2.Can you tell me _ ? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom live C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ . A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinema 21 教育名师原创作品C. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema 4.I th
8、ink _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how 5.I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how 21 世纪教育网版权所有6.I wonder _ . A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost C. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost 7.She asked me _ A. wh
9、o he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is 8.Ask him _. A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup 9.I dont know _ . A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movie 21cnjyC. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts 10.The do
10、ctor asked me how long _ . A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill 11.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow 12.Do you know _? A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this is
11、 C. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to 13.Could you tell me where _? A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape 14.They want to know _ . A. where is the hospital B. how old are you C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying 15.Tony wanted to know _. A
12、. what Father Christmas has put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking 16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. wh
13、ether C. where D. if 17.July didnt know_.A. where is Tims father B. when was the first watch made C. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch 18.No one told us _, so we need your help. A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do it D. what should we do 19.We dont know _ with th
14、e rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea. A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do 20.He asked me _. A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the money C. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the mo
15、ney能力提高练习1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell youA. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. that; If D. if; If 2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come 3. Could you tell me _the nearest hospital is? A. wh
16、at B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he repair B. what did he repair C. how he repaired D. what he repaired 5. I want to know _. A. who is she looking after B. who she is looking after21世纪*教育网C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6
17、. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two player
18、s C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C.
19、 what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 11. I dont know _ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where 12. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in 13. Do you still remember _? A. that he said B. what he
20、said C. did he say that D. what did he say 14. I cant understand _the boy alone.A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left 15. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen 16. They tried to find out _ the new train _. A. how far; had gone
21、 B. how long; has gone www-2-1-cnjy-comC. how far; went D. how far; had run 17. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. Whats the matter18. Can you tell me _? A. what are you doing B. where do you studyC. what you were doing D. what to do
22、it 19. He asked his father _. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen 20.No one tells us_，so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it 直击中考1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them
23、can tell me _. A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the wayC. where was this kind of plant found D. how do elephants communicate 2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad 21 教育网C. how soon will he be b
24、ack D. how long he will stay abroad 3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late.-Come in, please. But could you please tell me _? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school 4. -Could you please tell me _. ? -Bus No.32 will take you right ther
25、e. A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Museum D. which bus I shall take to Henan Museum 5. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _. A. where they have been B. where are they C. where are they from D. where they have gone 6. -Do you kn
26、ow _the Capital Museum? -Next Friday. 【出处：21 教育名师】A. when will they visit B. when they will visit C. when did they visit D. when they visited 7. He wanted to know _the English party. A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have 8. I want to know _. A. when we
27、 should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at 9.-David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _ ? 21cnjycom-He is a doctor. A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what he is 10.
28、 -I wonder _ without water -About a week. A. how long man can live B. how long can man live C. when man can live D. when can man live宾语从句巩固练习参考答案1.D 你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。2.D 宾语从句用陈述语序，where 作从句的宾语。3. C 宾语从句用陈述语序，where 表示地点。4. A if 表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5. B 有 or not，所以用 whether. 6. C 宾语从句用陈述语序7. A 宾语从句
29、用陈述语序,who 作从句的宾语。8. A whose 是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。 9. A 宾语从句用陈述语序。10. D 主句是过去时，从句也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我已经病了，用过去完成时态。11. C if 连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。12. B whose 是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。13. C 宾语从句用陈述语序。14. C 宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。15. C 主句一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态，圣诞老人之前就把礼物放进袜子了，用过去完成时态。 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】16. B 有 or not
30、就用 whether. 17.D 宾语从句用陈述语序, 主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态。18. B 没有人告诉我们应该做什么，所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从句用陈述语序，如果选B 就是没有人做什么，us 后面是宾语从句，而 us 是宾格不能作从句的主语，所以 C 选项缺少宾语从句的主语，应选 B. 19. D 我们不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陆地和海洋。 What 做 to do 的宾语。20. D 宾语从句用陈述语序，他问我是否我能找出寄钱的人，主句用过去时态，从句用过去相应的时态。能力提高练习参考答案1. D 前一个 if 引导宾语从句，表示选择“是否” ，后一个 if 引导的是
31、条件状语从句表示将来的动作，所以用主将从现。2. D 我不知道后天他是否回来，宾语从句用陈述语序。3. D where 表示地点，最近的医院在哪里。4. C 宾语从句用陈述语序，已经说了是修理录音机，所以不用 what, 而用 how. 5. D 宾语从句用陈述语序，whom 作照顾的宾语。6. A 主句用现在时态，从句不受限制，住在哪里用一般现在时，宾语从句用陈述语序。 7. D 宾语从句用陈述语序，从句是客观事实，用一般现在时。8. D 宾语从句用陈述语序。9. B 宾语从句用陈述语序，what 在从句中做主语。10.D 宾语从句用陈述语序，what 在从句中做宾语。11. C 因为后面的
32、从句是说他将回家，所以前面应该是我不知道他什么时间回家。 12. B. B 是陈述语序， D 可以用 where you live 或 which you live in. 13. B. 宾语从句用陈述语序，what 在宾语从句中做 said 的宾语。14. A. 宾语从句用陈述语序，主句用现在的时态，从句根据事实用相应的时态。15. C. 客观真理用一般现在时态。16. D. 距离多远一般用 how far，go 是个瞬间动词，所以应该用可以表示持续动作的动词。17. A. 主句是过去时态，从句要用过去的相应时态，所以 C、D 排除。What 作宾语从句的主语。18. D. what 作动词
33、不定式的真正宾语。19. C. 宾语从句用陈述语序，主句是一般过去时态，从句也用过去时态。20. C. 因为不知怎样做，所以需要你的帮助，如果是不知道做什么，会有人告诉你做什么的。如果对主语提问，则特殊疑问句的语序不变。点击中考参考答案 1. A. 我的一些朋友对自然科学感兴趣，但他们谁也讲不出下次不明飞行物出现的时间。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。2. D. 布朗先生什么时候回中国？抱歉。我不知道他会在国外待多久。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。 3. A. 我可以进来吗？很抱歉我迟到了。请进，但请你告诉我为什么又迟到了吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。 4. D. 你能告诉我怎样到河南博物馆（我坐几路车能到河
34、南博物馆）吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。5. D. 彼得说怀特一家正在度假，但没有人知道他们去了哪里。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。They have been to 他们去过某个地方，现在已经回来了；they have gone to 他们去了某个地方，现在还没有回来。6. B. 你知道他们什么时候参观首都博物馆吗？下周五。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。7. D. 你想知道我们什么时候举办英语联欢会。当主句是一般过去时态的时候，宾语从句用相应的过去时态，宾语从句应该用陈述语序。 8. A. 我想知道我们应该什么时候到达机场。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。9. D. David,看那边那个穿白衣服的人，你能告诉我他是干什么的吗？他是医生。询问职业用what；宾语从句应该用陈述语序。10. A. 我想知道，没有水人能活多久。大约一周。 About a week 知询问应用 how long，宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
