1、 Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. 重点知识归纳解析【重点单词】1. humorous adj. 有幽默感的 ;图 2. silent adj. 沉默的； 3. helpful adj. 有用的，有帮助的：4. score n interested B. something interesting; interestingC. something interesting; interested D. something interested; interesting b. 句式包：1.Mario, you used to be short, did
2、nt you? 马里奥，你过去很矮，对吗？used to do sth 意为“过去常常做某事” ，特指在过去经常发生的动作，而现在已不再发生，其中 used to 可以看作情态动词，用于各种人称。 【出处：21 教育名师】【备课例句】He used to play soccer when he was young. She used to be an English teacher. 1.其否定句为 didnt use to do 或 used not to do，used not 可缩写为 usednt。【备课例句】Mr. Li didnt use to drink beer. =Mr. L
3、i usednt to drink beer. 2.used to 的疑问句形式是“Diduse to do?”或“Usedto do”。【备课例句】Did she use to get up early?=Used he to get up early? 她过去经常早起吗？3.used to 的反意疑问句也用助动词 did(nt)或 used(nt)构成。【备课例句】Mario used to be late for school, didnt/usednt he? 马里奥以前上学经常迟到，对不对？【横向辐射】be used to do sth read B. read; reading C
4、. reading; read D. reading; reading2. I used to go outside on weekends. (改为否定句) I_ _ to go outside on weekends.2.What did his friends used to look like? 他的朋友过去长得什么样子？What does sb look like? 只用来询问某人的外貌长相，相当于 What is sb like?, like 在句中作介词，意为“像” 。【备课例句】What does Tom look like? (=What is Tom like?) 汤姆长得
5、什么模样？He is very much like his father, tall and dark. 他非常像他的父亲又高又黑。【横向辐射】What is sb/ sth like?& What does sb like? 1. What is sb/ sth like?What is sb like? 还可用来询问某人的品质。What is sth. like?用来询问事物的性质，特别是用来谈论天气状况, like 在句中作介词，意为“像” 。【例句】What is Lily like? 莉莉是怎样的一个人？Shes a very nice girl. 她是个非常好的女孩。Whats t
6、he weather like? 今天天气怎么样？Very fine. 很晴朗。Whats this book like? 这本书怎么样？Very interesting. 很有趣。2.What does sb like?该句型用来询问某人“喜欢什么” ，like 为动词“喜欢” 。【例句】What does Li Hua like? 李华喜欢什么？ He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。【课堂变式】What does the lady look like? . A. Shes fine and well B. Shes really a nice ladyC. Shes tall
7、 and thin D. She likes wearing skirts第二节5a. 词汇包：1. dare 敢于；胆敢；可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。（1）实义动词 dare 后面接动词不定式 to do21cnjy【例句】I dare to swim across the riverI dont dare to say that.Do you dare to go with me?(肯定回答：Yes, I do. 否定回答： No, I dont.）（2）dare 作情态动词时后面接动词原形（不带 to 的动词不定式） 。21 教育名师原创作品【例句】I darent say tha
8、t.Dare you go with me?(肯定回答：Yes, I dare. 否定回答：No, I dare not.)How dare you say that?If he dare break the rule , he will be punished . 注意：dare 作情态动词时主要用于疑问句,否定句和条件从句 中,不用于肯定句（只有一个例外 I dare say，但那是一个固定短语，意思是“我相信, 可能, 我想是这样”） 。（3）在否定句或疑问句中，现代英语口语常用实义动词的 dare，但省略后面的 to，直接接动词原形。【例句】I dont dare say that.D
9、o you dare go with me?【备课例句】Mary dare not go home because she failed the math test again.玛丽不敢回家，因为她数学考试又没及格。【课堂变式】Would you like to come over to my house tomorrow?Oh, I d love to . but I am afraid of your pet dog. I _ go close to it .A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. darent2. give up 放弃后接动词-ing 形式或名词，但
10、不能接动词不定式。后接代词作宾语时，代词应放在 give 和 up 之间。You should give up smoking. 你应该戒烟。Math is too difficult for me. I think Ill give it up. 数学对我来说太难。我想我会放弃它。【横向辐射】give 的相关短语give in 屈服，让步； give back 归还；give away 分发，赠送；give sb a hand 帮某人的忙【课堂变式】Is he still raising money for charity?Yes. He never_ hope of helping poo
11、r children.A. gives up B. gives out C. takes off D. takes outb. 句式包：1. Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. 凯迪告诉我她以前真的很害羞并且开始唱歌来应对她的害羞。www-2-1-cnjy-com6这是由 that 引导的宾语从句。take up: 开始从事 【备课例句】Jack took up running for exercise to lose weight this mon
12、th 杰克这个月在跑步锻炼来减肥。【横向辐射】take up 的用法(1) 占，占地方 That big table takes up too much room. 那张大桌子占的地方太大了。 Learning English takes up a lot of my time. 学英语占了我许多时间。 (2) 开始从事 We took up physical chemistry at college. 在大学我们选学了物理化学课。 (3) 讨论 discuss We will take the next lesson up tomorrow. 我们明天将要讨论下一课。 (4) 从事；经手 T
13、he teacher took up the lesson where she stopped. 老师从昨天留下的部分开始讲。 (5) 让乘客上车；接纳 The bus stopped to take up the students. 公共汽车停下来，让这些学生上车。 【课堂变式】Whats your plan for the new school year?Oh, I am going to _a new hobby by learning to play the guitar.A. take part B. take up C. take back D. take care deal wi
14、th “对付”、 “应付”【备课例句】The young woman teacher didnt know how to deal with the noisy class. 21 教育网这位年轻的女教师不知道如何应对喧闹的课堂。【横向辐射】deal with 与 do with1 . do with 常与连接代词 what 连用，而 deal with 常与连接副词 how 连用【例句】I dont know how they deal with the problem . = I dont know what they do with the problem . 我不知道他们如何处理这个问
15、题。 2. 这两个词组在使用时有细微的差别。一般地说，do 侧重对象 ，deal 侧重方式方法；do with 表示“处置 ”、“忍受” 、“相处”、“有关”等。deal with 意义很广，常表示、“处理”、“安排”、“论述”、 “涉及”等。【例句】 1 . They found a way to do with the elephant. 他们找到对付那头大象的办法了。 2. They could properly deal with all kinds of situations . 他能恰当地应付各种局面。 【课堂变式】71. The boss found two boys steal
16、ing his bread but he didnt know _A. how to do with B. what to do with themC. how to deal with it D. what to deal with2. Only a very small number of people make it to the top.只有少量的人才成功地到达顶峰。a small number of 意为：“少量的，为数不多的” 。Make it 意为“办成，做到；成功” ；用来表示达到预定目标。21世纪*教育网【备课例句】Today make it close to be late
17、 for class. 今天我差一点都迟到了。 2-1-c-n-j-y【横向辐射】make it 的用法 一、用来表示规定时间，常与 can, let 等词连用。【例句】 A：Shall we meet next week?下星期我们见面，好吗？B：Yes. Lets make it next Sunday.好的，让我们约定下星期日吧。二、用来表示达到预定目标；办成，做到；成功；发迹。【例句】 ：Tell him I want to see him tonight, at my house if he can make it.告诉他今晚我要见他，行的话就在我家。三、用来表示及时抵达；赶上。【例
18、句】 ：He wont be able to make it home at Christmas.圣诞节时他到不了家。四、用来表示(疾病)等得到好转；得救。【例句】 ：The doctor knew that the patient was unlikely to make it.医生知道那个病人没什么希望了。五、用来表示相处得很好，受欢迎(或尊重) ，被接受(与 with 连用)。【例句】 ：She finally made it with the crowd in Hollywood.她终于受到好莱坞人的欢迎。六、用来表示预定小吃。【例句】 ：Make it a cake and a bo
19、ttle of orange.来一块蛋糕和一瓶橘汁。【课堂变式】Dont give up! Come on. I know you can make_.A. it B. this C. that D. so解析make it 为固定搭配，意为： “办成，做到；成功 ”；用来表示达到预定目标。 答案A第三节a. 词汇包：all the time 一直；总是相当于 always。【备课例句】I have been busy all the time. 我一直很忙。【横向辐射】time 的相关短语in time 及时 on time 按时 for the first time 第一次at the s
20、ame time 同时 have a good time 过得愉快；玩得开心 at times (=sometimes) 有时【课堂变式】8Look! The monkeys are jumping _. A. in time B. for the first time C. all the time D. at times 第四节a.词汇包1. cause (v.)造成；使发生作动词，常见用法有：(1)后接名词或代词。【备课例句】What cause his illness? 是什么使他生病？(2)后接双宾语，即 cause sb sth，意为“给某人带来” 。【备课例句】Im afraid
21、 Im going to cause you much trouble. 恐怕我会给你添很多麻烦。(3) 后接动词不定式作宾补，即 cause sb/sth to do sth，意为“促使某人做某事” 。【备课例句】Success causes him to work hard. 成功促使他更加努力工作。【横向辐射】cause 作名词cause 作名词时，意为“原因” ，近义词为 reason。表示“的原因”常用 the cause of 或 the reason for。【例句】What was the cause of the accident? 这起事故的原因是什么？Give me yo
22、ur reason for doing that. 给我你那样做的理由。【课堂变式】Every year driving after drinking wine _ a lot of traffic accidents.A. happens B. provides C. causes D. affords2. waste (v.)浪费；滥用作动词，表示浪费时间、精力、财力和物力等，常接名词作宾语。另外 waste 还可用于 waste sth on sth/sb 和 waste sth (in) doing sth 结构。21cnjycom【备课例句】He never wasted a mom
23、ent. 他从不浪费一刻时间。Dont waste your time on these things. 不要把你的时间浪费在这些事上。He wasted lots of time in playing computer games. 玩电脑游戏浪费了他很多时间。【课堂变式】1.你不要把时间浪费在看电视上。Dont waste your time _ _ TV. 2.让那个孩子不要浪费时间了。Ask the child _ _ _time.3. make a decision 下决定；下决心该短语相当于动词 decide。decision 是动词 decide 的名词形式。【备课例句】She
24、could not make a decision about the dresses. 她对（买不买）这衣服下不了决心。9We need to make a decision on this by next week. 我们得在下周前就这一问题作出决定。【课堂变式】Jack, will your family move to Shanghai?Yes. Thats a very big my parents made.A. decide B. decision C. education D. difference 4. no longer 不再；已不【备课例句】I go there no l
25、onger. 我不再去那儿了。She no longer needed the shoe! 她不再需要那只鞋子了。【横向辐射】notany longer & not any more 1.notany longer 意为“不再” ，常可与 no longer 替换，多指过去持续的动作或存在的状态现在已不能再继续下去，侧重指时间上不再延长。【例句】I cant wait for you any longer.=I cant no longer wait for you. 我不能再等到你了。2.notany more也意为“不再” ，可与 no more 替换，多指再也不重复过去反复做或发生的具体
26、动作。【例句】The baby didnt cry any more.=The baby no more cried. 那个婴儿不再哭了。【课堂变式】He no longer lives here. (同义句转换) He _ _here _ _ .5. take pride in 对感到自豪在此短语中，p ride 为名词，意为“骄傲” 。另外 be proud of 也意为“为感到自豪” ，但 proud 是形容词。同时我们要注意这两个短语中的介词不同。21 世纪教育网版权所有【备课例句】They take pride in their daughter, who is now a movi
27、e star. 21*cnjy*com=They are proud of their daughter, who is now a movie star.女儿成为电影明星，他们感到很自豪。【课堂变式】We felt _ when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.A. pride B. proud C. successful D. worriedb. 句式包：He has been working hard and is now one of the best students in his class. 他一直非常努力学习，现在
28、是班上最出色的学生之一。“one of +the+形容词最高级复数名词”意为“最之一 ”。10【备课例句】Tom is one of the youngest students in our school.在我们学校里，汤姆是年纪最小的学生之一。In England, one of the most popular kinds of food is fish and chips. 在英国，最受欢迎的食品之一是炸鱼和炸土豆条。【横向辐射】 “one of+复数名词或代词”“one of+复数名词或代词”意为“中的一个” ，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【例句】One of the brothers is a scientist. 那些兄弟中有一位是科学家。【课堂变式】1.October 12th was one of day in 2005, for Shenzhou VI was sent up successfully into the space. A. exciting B. more exciting C. much exciting D. the most exciting2.刘翔是世界上最受欢迎的体育明星之一。_
