1、形容词 1.形 容 词 ： 形容词用来修饰名词或代词 , 表示人或事物的性质 , 状态 ,和特征。 形容词在句中作定语 , 表语 , 宾语，补语。 例： She is a good student, and she works hard. 她是一个好学生 ,她学习努力。 This bike is expensive. 这辆自行车很贵。 I am sorry, Im busy now. 对不起 ,我现在很忙。 Have you got everything ready for the meeting? 你为这次会议做好准备吗 ? 。 2.形容词在句中的位置 : 。 形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名
2、词之前。如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时 , 则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定 , 越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面 , 音节多的形容词放在后面。 英语单词中 ,something, anything, nothing 等不定代词被形容词修饰时 ,形容词放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重 要的事要告诉你。 Is there anything interesting in the film. 电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？ There is nothing dang
3、erous here. 这儿一点都不危险。 3.由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。 This is the book easy to read. 这是一本容易读的书。 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. 每一个人 ,男女老少 ,都应该参加会议。 You can take any box away, big or small. 这些箱子，不管大小，你都可以拿走。 4
4、形容词的比较级和最高级 : 绝大多数形容词有三种形式 ,原级 ,比较级和最高级 , 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的原级 : 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如 : poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级 : 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级 ) greater(比较级 ) greatest(最高级 ) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾
5、加 -r 和 -st 构成。 wide (原级 ) wider (比较级 ) widest (最高级 ) 3)少数以 -y, -er, -ow, -ble 结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 clever(原级 ) cleverer(比较级 ) cleverest(最高级 ) 4) 以 -y 结尾 ,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉 ,加上 -ier 和 -est 构成 . happy (原形 ) happier (比较级 ) happiest (最高级 ) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和
6、最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er 和 -est。 big (原级 ) bigger (比较级 ) biggest (最高级 ) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用 more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级 )? difficult (原级 ) more beautiful (比较级 ) more difficult (比较级 ) most beautiful (最高级 ) most difficult (最高级 ) 不规则变化 : 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best many more most much more mos
7、t bad worse worst little less least far farther(further) farthest(furthest) 形容词前如加 less 表示 “较不 “ important 重要 less important 较不重要 形容词比较级的用法 : 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比 较 ,其结构形式如下 : 主语 +谓语 (系动词 )+ 形容词比较级 +than+ 对比成分。 也就是 , 含有形容词比较级的主句 +than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分 , 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher is taller than we ar
8、e. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is warmer today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这 张照片比那张照片漂亮。 This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。 形容词最高级的用法 : 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较 , 其结构形式为 : 主语 +谓语 (系动词 )+the
9、+形容词最高级 +名词 +表示范围的短语或从句。 She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。 This is the biggest apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。 一、把下列形容词改为比较级和最高级 long_ wide fat heavy slow
10、few happy clever good many much little bad beautiful difficult 二、用所给 词的适当形式填空 1.Your classroom is _ (wide) than ours. 2.There are _ (few) hours of sunlight a day in winter than in summer. 3.Which do you like _ (well) , maths or chemistry? 4.This is the _ (good) film I have ever seen. 5.Africa is the
11、 second _ (large) continent. (大陆 ) 6.They have done _ (much) work with _ (little) money. 7.Youre the _ (kind) person Ive ever met. 8.He is _ (young) than his two sisters. 9.The weather is getting _ (warm) and _ (warm) . 10.Summer is the _ (hot) season of the year. Joan got home late from work today,
12、 and she was very happy. When she opened the refrigerator（冰箱） , she was upset（悲伤） . There was nothing to eat for dinner. Joan sat down and made a shopping list. She needed a head of lettuce（生菜） , a bunch of carrot（胡萝卜） , a quart of milk, a dozen eggs, two pounds of tomatoes, half a pound of chicken,
13、 and a loaf of bread. Jone rushed out of the house and drove to the superrmarket. When she got there, she was very disappointed(失望 ). There wasnt any lettuce. There werent any carrots. There wasnt any milk. There werent any eggs. There werent any tomatoes. There wasnt any chicken, and there wasnt an
14、y bread. Joan was tired and upset. In fact, she was so tired and upset. In fact, she was so tired and upset that she lost her appetite(食欲，胃口 )， drove home, didnt have dinner, and went to bed. 1.Was there anything to eat in the refrigerator? A. Yes, there was. B. No, there wasnt. C. Yes, there wasnt.
15、 D. No, there was. 2.Did Joan need any fish? A.Yes, she did. B. No, she didnt. C. Yes. she didnt. D. No, she did. 3. How did Joan go to the supermarket? A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car. D On foot. 4.Joan bought _ in the supermarket. A. carrots B. milk C. tomatoes D. nothing 5.What did Joan do after she drove home from supermarket? A. She watched TV. B. She ate dinner. C. She went to bed. D.She went to work.
