1、SKELETAL SYSTEM,FunctionsClassificationTypes of bones, tissues and cellsBone structure (anatomy)Divisions of the skeletonJoints (classification and anatomy of joints)Diseases of the skeletal system,Bones of the Skeleton,carpalsclaviclecoccyxfemurfibulahumerusmandiblemetacarpalsmetatarsalspatellaphal
2、anges,pelvisradiusribssacrumscapulaskullsternumtarsalstibiaulnavertebrae,21,22,20,15,19,14,17,18,13,1,4,3,2,7,6,5,9,8,10,16,11,12,Long Bones- metacarples, metatarsals, phalanges, humerus, ulna, radius, tibia, fibulaShort Bones- carpals, tarsalsFlat Bones- rib, scapula, skull, sternumIrregular Bones-
3、 vertebrae, some facial bonesSesamoid- patella,Distalepiphysis,Proximal epiphysis,diaphysis,yellow marrow,epiphyseal line,periosteum,compact bone,spongy bone,Endosteum,hyaline cartilage,Sharpeys fibers,Axial Skeleton,SkullVertebral columnRib cage (ribs + sternum),Skull,Skull Bones,* The Skull consis
4、ts of 8 CRANIAL BONES + 14 FACIAL BONES* The Ears consists of 6 BONES and* Floating in the throat is 1 HYOID BONE,Inner Ear,Rib Cage,Also called the Thoracic Cage12 pairs of RIBS7 true ribs5 false ribs(2 floating ribs) 1 STERNUM (breastbone),Vertebral Column(spinal column/ backbone),7 CERVICAL (NECK
5、) VERTEBRAE,12 THORACIC5 LUMBAR,5 FUSED VERTEBRAE INTO 1 SACRUM, 4 SMALL FUSED VERTEBRAE INTO 1 COCCYX (YOUR TAIL BONE),Shoulder Girdles and Arms,The Shoulder girdle is also called the pectoral girdle Consists of 4 bonesUpper limbs consist of 60 bones (the hands and wrist contain 54 separate bones).
6、,Hip Girdles and Legs,The hip girdle is also called the pelvic girdle Consists of 2 bones Lower limbs consist of 60 bones (the anklesand feet contain 52 separate bones),Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape,Slide 5.52a,Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings,Figure 5
7、.29ac,Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape,Slide 5.52b,Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings,Figure 5.29df,Anatomy of a Joint,2 or more bonesJoint capsuleCartilageSynovial membraneSynovial fluidFatLigamentsBursaMeniscusTendons,Structures of a freely movable joint,
8、Osteoporosis- bone reabsorption outpaces bone deposit; bones become lighter and fracture easierRickets- vitamin D deficiencyOsteomalacia- soft bones, inadequate mineralization in bones, lack of vitamin DPagets Disease- spotty weakening in the bones, excessive and abnormal bone remodelingRheumatoid arthritis- autoimmune reaction,Diseases of the Skeletal System:,
