1、外文翻译原文TITLETHEENDOFMASSMARKETINGWHYALLSUCCESSFULMARKETINGNOWISDIRECTMARKETMATERIALSOURCEDIRECTMARKETINGAUTHORANDREWRTHOMASDIRECTMARKETINGASTHESOLUTIONMARKETING,LIKECOOKING,ISBOTHANARTANDSCIENCEEVERYANALYST,LIKEEVERYCOOK,HASADIFFERENTRECIPETHEQUALITYOFTHERESULTISINHOWWELLITSATISFIESTHEULTIMATEOBJECTI
2、VEOFAMARKETINGSTRATEGYISTOPROVIDETHEDIRECTIONFORANORGANIZATIONTOMAKEMOREMONEYINORDERTOFULFILLTHISOBJECTIVE,ASOUNDMARKETINGSTRATEGYMUSTBEUNDERSTANDABLE,RELEVANT,ANDACTIONABLESEGMENTATIONANDNICHESSEEMTOPROVIDEAWAYTODOTHISHOWEVER,MOSTCOMPANIESHAVETOOMANYSEGMENTSANDNICHESTOMANAGEEVENMOREDISHEARTENING,TH
3、EYTENDTOLOOKATTHEWRONGSEGMENTSANDNICHESVERYFEWMARKETERSLIKETOGOAFTERSMALLERSEGMENTSANDNICHESMOSTPEOPLEWANTTOTARGETTHELARGESTSEGMENTSTHEREARESEVERALREASONSWHYTHISSTRATEGYOFTENFAILSFIRST,THELARGERSEGMENTSATTRACTTHEMOSTCOMPETITIONSECOND,SMALLERSEGMENTSMAYHAVEMOREDISTINCTNEEDSTHATCANBESATISFIEDVERYPROFI
4、TABLYTHIRD,TARGETINGLARGERSEGMENTSCOSTSMOREANDTHOSECOSTSMAYREDUCEMARGINSMOREDRASTICALLYTHANTARGETINGSMALLERSEGMENTSINOTHERWORDS,FOCUSINGONNICHESANDSEGMENTSCOMESUPSHORTFORMANYORGANIZATIONSDIRECTMARKETINGONTHEOTHERHANDCUTSTHROUGHTHECONFUSIONANDUNCERTAINTYOFMASSMARKETING,SEGMENTATION,ANDNICHESANDGOESRI
5、GHTTOTHECUSTOMERINHISBOOK,PERMISSIONMARKETING,GODINPROVIDESANALTERNATIVETOMARKETINGBYINTERRUPTION,WHICHOFFERSTHECONSUMERANOPPORTUNITYTOVOLUNTEERTOBEMARKETEDTOBYTALKINGONLYTOVOLUNTEERS,PERMISSIONMARKETINGGUARANTEESTHATCONSUMERSPAYMOREATTENTIONTOTHEMARKETINGMESSAGEITALLOWSMARKETERSTOTELLTHEIRSTORYCALM
6、LYANDSUCCINCTLY,WITHOUTFEAROFBEINGINTERRUPTEDBYCOMPETITORSORINTERRUPTIONMARKETERSITSERVESBOTHCONSUMERSANDMARKETERSINASYMBIOTICEXCHANGEPERMISSIONMARKETINGISANTICIPATED,PERSONAL,ANDRELEVANTGODIN,1999HOWEVER,THEREISANOTHERLEVELOFFRUSTRATIONADEEPERONETHATPEOPLEEXPERIENCEWHENENCOUNTERINGMANYMARKETINGSTRA
7、TEGIESITISSIMILARTOINFACT,ITISJUSTLIKEAHOSTAGESITUATIONHOSTAGEMARKETINGHASBECOMETHEWAYFORCOMPANIESINVIRTUALLYEVERYINDUSTRYTOPROVIDECUSTOMERSERVICETOTHEIRCLIENTSHAVEYOUEVERTRIEDTOSWITCHCELLPHONEPROVIDERSANDKEEPYOUREXISTINGPHONENUMBERHOWABOUTINTERNETSERVICEPROVIDERSWEGETTREATEDMOREASHOSTAGESTHANASCUST
8、OMERSWEARELOCKEDINWECANNOTLEAVEMOREOVER,WERISKTREMENDOUSNEGATIVECONSEQUENCESIFWETRYTOESCAPEANDFAILAGAIN,THEREISHOPETHEREAREPLACESWHERECUSTOMERSANDTHEIRSUPPLIERSAREGETTINGTOGETHERTOCOMMUNICATEASREALPEOPLEONCEAGAINONTHEINTERNET,THROUGHPODCASTS,ANDVIATEXTMESSAGES,MARKETSAREGETTINGMORECONNECTEDANDMOREPO
9、WERFULLYVOCALEVERYDAYTHESEMARKETSWANTTOTALK,JUSTASTHEYDIDFORTHETHOUSANDSOFYEARSTHATPASSEDBEFOREMARKETBECAMEAVERBWITHUSASITSOBJECTWEBUYBOOKSANDTICKETSONTHEWORLDWIDEWEBNOTOVER,THROUGH,ORBESIDEITTOCALLITAPLATFORMBELIESITSHOSPITALITYWHATHAPPENSVIATHESENEWOUTLETSISMORETHANCOMMERCE,MORETHANCONTENT,MORETHA
10、NPUSHANDPULLANDCLICKSANDTRAFFICANDEANYTHINGTHESENEWOUTLETSAREREALPLACESWHEREPEOPLECANGOTOLEARN,TOTALKTOEACHOTHER,ANDTODOBUSINESSTOGETHERITISABAZAARWHERECUSTOMERSLOOKFORWARES,VENDORSSPREADGOODSFORDISPLAYANDPEOPLEGATHERAROUNDTOPICSTHATINTERESTTHEMITISACONVERSATIONATLASTANDAGAININTHISNEWPLACE,EVERYPROD
11、UCTYOUCANNAME,FROMFASHIONTOOFFICESUPPLIES,CANBEDISCUSSED,ARGUEDOVER,RESEARCHED,ANDBOUGHTASPARTOFAVASTCONVERSATIONAMONGTHEPEOPLEINTERESTEDINITTHESECONVERSATIONSAREMOSTOFTENABOUTVALUETHEVALUEOFPRODUCTSANDOFTHEBUSINESSESTHATSELLTHEMNOTJUSTPRICES,BUTTHEMARKETCURRENCIESOFREPUTATION,LOCATION,POSITION,ANDE
12、VERYOTHERQUALITYTHATISSUBJECTTORISINGORFALLINGOPINIONTHISISNOTANYTHINGNEW,INONESENSETHEONLYADVERTISINGTHATHASEVERBEENTRULYEFFECTIVEISWORDOFMOUTH,WHICHISNOTHINGMORETHANCONVERSATIONNOWWORDOFMOUTHHASGONEGLOBALTHEONETOMANYSCOPETHATTECHNOLOGYBROUGHTTOMASSPRODUCTION,WHICHPRODUCERSHAVEENJOYEDFORTWOHUNDREDY
13、EARS,ISNOWAVAILABLETOCUSTOMERS,ANDTHEYAREEAGERTOMAKEUPFORLOSTTIMEINTHESENETWORKEDMARKETS,ITISFAREASIERTOLEARNTHETRUTHABOUTTHEPRODUCTSBEINGPUMPED,ABOUTTHEPROMISESBEINGMADE,ANDABOUTTHEPEOPLEMAKINGTHOSEPROMISESNETWORKEDMARKETSARENOTONLYSMARTMARKETS;BUTTHEYAREALSOEQUIPPEDTOGETMUCHSMARTER,MUCHFASTER,THAN
14、BUSINESSASUSUALBUSINESSASUSUALDOESNOTREALIZETHISBECAUSEITCONTINUESTOCONCEPTUALIZEMARKETSASDISTANTABSTRACTIONSBATTLEFIELDS,TARGETS,DEMOGRAPHICSANDTHESENEWTECHNOLOGIESASSIMPLYANOTHERCONDUITDOWNWHICHCOMPANIESCANBROADCASTMESSAGESTHESEFORUMSARENOTMERELYCONDUITS,PIPELINES,ORANOTHERTELEVISIONCHANNELTHEYINV
15、ITECUSTOMERSINTOTALKTOLAUGHWITHEACHOTHER,ANDTOLEARNFROMEACHOTHERCONNECTED,CUSTOMERSRECLAIMTHEIRVOICEINTHEMARKET,BUTTHISTIMEWITHMOREREACHANDWIDERINFLUENCETHANEVERATTHECORE,THISISWELCOMEDBYCUSTOMERSWITHOPENARMSMANYORGANIZATIONSFINDTHECHANGESINDATABASEMANAGEMENTANDCOMMUNICATIONTECHNOLOGYTOBESOOVERWHELM
16、INGTHATTHEYDONOTKNOWWHERETOBEGINANDHOWTOCOMPETEFORTHOSEWHOREADDIRECTMARKETINGASJUSTANOTHERBUZZWORDINANINDUSTRYTHATHASMANYBUZZWORDS,ITISIMPORTANTTOKNOWTHATDIRECTMARKETINGISNOTATACTICBUTRATHERASTRATEGYATACTICISADEVICEFORACCOMPLISHINGANEND,WHEREASASTRATEGYISACAREFULPLANORMETHODINAFOOTBALLGAME,ATRICKPLA
17、YISATACTICBUTAWELLREHEARSEDPLANTOCONTAINANEXPLOSIVERUNNERISASTRATEGYDIRECTMARKETINGISACAREFULANDWELLTHOUGHTOUTPLANLEADINGTOSUCCESSFULCUSTOMERINTERACTIONDONEPROPERLY,DIRECTMARKETINGBECOMESMARKETINGINEVERYSENSEOFTHEWORD,NOTONLYFORLARGECOMPANIESBUTALSOFORSMALLCOMPANIESASWELLDIRECTMARKETINGANDSTRATEGICC
18、USTOMERALLIANCESASTHENATUREOFTHEDEMANDSBOTHATHOMEANDABROADFORCECOMPANIESTOCONSTANTLYREEXAMINETHEVITALITYOFTHEIRRELATIONSHIPS,THEINTERESTINVARIOUSTYPESOFALLIANCESHASGROWNEXPONENTIALLYCASLIONEANDTHOMAS,2002INTHEREALMOFCUSTOMERSONEOFACOMPANYSMOSTVITALASSETSTHISRECOGNITIONBEGINSWITHCATEGORIZINGTHEMALONG
19、THELINESOFTIMELINESS,LOYALTY,VISION,AND,ULTIMATELY,PROFITABILITYDIRECTMARKETINGISABOUTFOCUSED,TARGETEDCOMMUNICATIONWITHSTRATEGICCUSTOMERSTOPROMOTETHEPURCHASEOFAGOODORSERVICEMEETINGSTANDARDSOFEXCELLENCEINBUSINESSHASALWAYSBEENIMPORTANT,BUTINTODAYSMARKETPLACE,ITISABSOLUTELYESSENTIALFORACOMPANYSSUCCESSA
20、NDSURVIVALTOMEETTHOSESTANDARDSOFEXCELLENCE,ACOMPANYANDEVERYONEOFITSREPRESENTATIVESINEVERYONEOFITSDEPARTMENTSMUSTHAVEACUSTOMERDRIVENORIENTATIONANDPROVIDECUSTOMERDRIVENSERVICETHESEAREESSENTIALINTODAYSMARKETPLACECUSTOMERSWILLGIVETHEIRBUSINESSTOWHERETHEYFINDTHEGREATESTVALUE,ANDACOMPANYSCUSTOMERDRIVENORI
21、ENTATIONWILLGIVETHEMTHATCOMPETITIVEADVANTAGECONCLUSIONMARKETINGUSEDTOBEAPPLIEDTOTHEMASSESWHENITSPOOROUTCOMESOUTDATEDIT,MARKETINGWASTHENAIMEDATSMALLERGROUPINGSCALLEDSEGMENTSORNICHESDIRECTMARKETINGISAIMEDATTHEINDIVIDUALMARKETTHETARGETMARKETTHEINDIVIDUALMARKETISTHECUSTOMERTHEDENTISTSOFFICECALLSTOREMIND
22、YOUABOUTYOURAPPOINTMENTTHECLOSESTGROCERYSTOREASKSFORYOURCARDINORDERTORECORDYOURPURCHASESYOUTURN50ANDRECEIVEMEMBERSHIPINFORMATIONFROMAARPTHESEAREALLEXAMPLESOFTHEIMPACTOFDIRECTMARKETINGINEVERYDAYLIFEVERYQUIETLYANDOFTENWITHOUTMUCHFANFARE,THEMOSTVISIBLEAPPLICATIONSOFDIRECTMARKETINGHAVECHANGEDTHEWAYWEGOA
23、BOUTLIVING,ANDTHEREISNOEVIDENCETOSUGGESTTHATTHEIMPACTWILLLESSENTHEOLDYANKEEPEDDLERKNEWHISCUSTOMERSANDINTHATWAGONOFHISWASALMOSTEVERYIMAGINABLETHINGTHATTHEFRONTIERFAMILIESMIGHTNEEDASHETRAVELEDHELISTENEDTOTHEPEOPLEANDLISTEDTHEIRNEEDS,SOTHATPERHAPSBYTHENEXTTIMEHEMIGHTHAVEJUSTWHATTHEYWANTEDTOMAKETHEIRNEW
24、DWELLINGAREALHOMEMARKETINGHASCHANGEDINTHATSAMEDIRECTIONMOREDIRECT,HIGHLYFOCUSEDANDINTERACTIVEWITHIMPROVEDTECHNOLOGYTODAY,KNOWINGANDSERVINGTHECUSTOMERISBOTHASTEPBACKANDASTEPFORWARDMACKAY2006,VICEPRESIDENT,INTERNETSALESANDMARKETINGFORSTEP2CORPORATIONSUMMARIZESDIRECTMARKETINGISAPIVOTALELEMENTOFOURMARKE
25、TINGMIXITISBRIDGINGTHEGAPBETWEENOURBESTCONSUMERSANDTHEHARDTOFINDPRODUCTSTHEYDESPERATELYWANTINTHEPROCESS,ITISSTRENGTHENINGOURRELATIONSHIPSWITHTHEMANDSHARPENINGOURFOCUSISTHESTRATEGYOFDIRECTMARKETINGRIGHTFORCOMPANIESOREVERYSHAPEANDSIZEINDEED,ITISWHETHERLARGEORSMALL,ALLCOMPANIESCANBENEFITFROMADIRECTMARK
26、ETINGAPPROACHSMALLERCOMPANIESWITHFEWERRESOURCESCANILLAFFORDTOTHROWDOLLARSTOTHEWIND,SOUSINGMARKETINGDOLLARSWISELYISVERYIMPORTANTLARGERCOMPANIESALSOHAVEABOTTOMLINEFORMARKETINGCOSTS,ANDINSOMECASESTHEMARKETINGDEPARTMENTWILLRECEIVEMOREFUNDINGWHENITHASPROVENITSELFWITHASTRATEGYTHATWORKS译文标题直销为什么能成为现在最成功的营销
27、资料来源直销作者安德鲁R托马斯直接销售解决问题的方法市场营销就像烹饪,是一门艺术和科学。每一个分析师就像每一位厨师,有着不同的配方。一个营销策略的最终目的是为一个组织提供能够赚更多钱的方向,所以一个完整的营销战略必须是可以被理解和可操作的。在这件事情上分割似乎是一个方法。然而,大多数公司有太多的管理部门,他们都倾向于寻求最大目标,很少有商家愿意去后段或者接受小部分,大多数人都希望得到最大的份额。这有几个比较普遍的原因第一,最大的部分竞争最激烈。第二,更小的网段可能会更多不同的需求。第三,针对较大的部分,相对来说费用多,成本更大。直销走过混乱和不确定性,经过大规模的营销,分割、定位和发展,正好给
28、客户提供了一个方向。在戈丁的书中,他直言这是一种替代营销的中断,它给消费者提供了一个机会,直销者开始在市场上推销,只有通过与直销员交谈,许可式行销保证,消费者才会更注重营销信息。它可以让营销人员讲述自己的故事,不会有被竞争对手营销中断的恐惧。它符合在市场上消费者商人互利共生的交流许可销售GODIN,1999。然而会有另一个现象,有较深的经验的人会遇到许多营销策略,事实上,它就像人质营销的情况。你曾试过更换手机供应商,并保持现有的电话号码吗网络服务提供商怎么样我们得到的待遇更像人质,而不是客户。我们是被锁在里面了,我们不能离开。此外,如果我们想逃跑,我们将肩负巨大的负面后果。同样,有些地方的客户
29、及其供应商汇聚一堂,真诚交流。在互联网上,通过播客,通过文字信息,每一天,市场也有越来越多的声音。这些市场成为了一个动词,我们成为了它的客体。我们在万维网上买书和机票,通过叫“平台”的东西。通过这些新的市场所发生的不仅仅是商业,这些新的出路是实实在在的地方,人们可以去学习,相互交流,并一起做生意。这是一个集市,客户对商品外观作出评论,观赏厂商展示的商品,人们收集他们感兴趣的话题,这是一种交流。在这个新地方,每一个产品,您都可以命名,从时装到办公用品,都可以讨论,争辩、研究,并作为谈话的一部分。对于其中有兴趣的人,这些谈话是最令人难忘的价值,这不只是物品价格的上涨,而是市场经济货币的名声、位置和
30、所有其他的质量,并接受上升或下降的意见。在某种意义上来说,这并不是什么新鲜玩意,真正有效的是口头的广告,现在口碑已蔓延至全球。这科技带来的大范围、大规模的生产和技术,生产者有两百年时间来欣赏,现在提供给客户的可以弥补他们失去的时间。在这些网络市场,更容易学习关于产品被承诺、了解的人作出承诺。网络市场不仅是聪明的市场,他们也配备齐全,以比一般商业活动更快的速度增长,因为它仍然以遥远的抽象概念化作为战场,目标、统计,仅作为另一些新技术导管下降,公司可以播放消息。这个论坛不仅仅是管道或是电视频道。他们邀请客户,笑说彼此间的了解,并互相学习。许多组织发现数据库管理和通信技术的变化会这么热烈,他们不知道
31、从哪里开始以及如何竞争。对于那些说直销只是另一种流行词汇的行业有许多空谈,重要的是要了解直接营销不是策略,而是一个战略。一种策略是为完成一个结束,而一个战略是一个周密的计划或方法的设备。在足球比赛中,使诈是一种手段,是精心排练计划以控制一个爆炸性的亚军是一种战略。直接营销是一种谨慎和深思熟虑的计划,是成功的客户互动。直销和战略客户联盟从其本质的国内外市场发展的需求促使公司不断审视活力的利益关系,在不同的联盟中指数级激增卡斯林和托马斯,2002。在客户的领域,一个公司最重要的资产是及时性,忠诚度和最终盈利。直销是关于有针对性的沟通和战略客户促进购买货物或服务。会议标准一直很重要,但在当今的职业市
32、场,它对于一个公司的成功和存活是绝对必要的。为了满足这些卓越水平,耐克公司和每一个代表,在每一种部门都以客户驱动为取向,为客户提供驱动服务。在今天的市场上,客户会给他们的生意,在那里,他们从中获得了最大的价值,公司通过客户驱动定位便能达到这竞争优势。结论市场曾经适用于大众,但它的不良结果过期了吗当时,营销针对小群组称为段或位。直销是针对个人的市场目标市场、个人市场客户。牙医办公室来电提醒你;最近的杂货店询问,以便为您记录您的购物卡;你接收来自美国退休者协会的会员信息。这些都是直接影响市场在日常生活中的例子。非常安静,往往没有大张旗鼓,直接营销最明显的应用已经改变了生活,也没有证据表明,其影响将
33、减少。旧的洋基商贩知道他的顾客,几乎每一个可以想象得到的东西,家庭可能需要。当他听取了别人的需求,这样或许下次他也许已经开始着手他们想要的东西。市场发生了变化,这样的方向更直接,高度集中和互动性。采用新技术的今天,了解和服务客户都向前迈进了一步。麦凯2006年,副会长,互联网公司的销售和第二步总结营销直接营销是我们营销组合的关键因素。这是缩小消费者和难以找到的产品的差距。在这个过程中,它是加强他们的关系和提高我们的焦点。是战略直销适合每一个公司吗事实上,它是。无论是大还是小,所有公司都能受益于一个直销方法。较少的资源规模、较小的公司不能够跟上美元市场,所以明智地利用市场资金是非常重要的。大公司也有一个营销成本底线,而在某些情况下,当它证明了自己的策略有效后,会得到更多的销售部门的资金。