1、,预防奶牛热应激饲养技术研讨会,上海奶业行业协会 杭州市奶业协会 美国达农威公司,2004年3月 杭州,热应激期间达农威益康XP的应用Using Diamond V XP During Times of Heat Stress,Mark Kujawa 博士 美国达农威公司Diamond V Mills,热应激的影响Effects Of Heat Stress,降低干物质采食量 Reduced dry matter intake降低能量摄入量 Reduced energy intake减少产奶量 Reduced milk yield再配种困难 Poor rebreeding降低经济效益 Redu
2、ced profitability,对瘤胃的影响Rumen Effects,消化率 Digestibility微生物的数量Microbial Populations,瘤胃细菌Rumen Bacteria,发酵Fermentation,微生物蛋白Microbial Protein,净能Net Energy,干物质采食量DMI,食欲Appetite,繁殖Breeding,体况Body Condition,产奶量Milk Production,酵母培养物发酵Yeast Culture Fermentation,适口因子Palatability Factors,营养性代谢物Nutritional Me
3、tabolites,奶牛Dairy Cattle(功能模型Functionality Model),酵母培养物对奶牛消化率和瘤胃功能的影响Effects Of Yeast Culture On Digestibility And Rumen Function,试验目的Objective,采用尼龙袋法研究达农威益康XP对玉米青贮消化率的影响To study the effect of Diamond V XP on corn silage digestibility in situ,将尼龙袋悬浮在娟姗牛的瘤胃中 Dacron bags suspended in rumen of Jersey c
4、ows三种不同的玉米青贮样品 Three different corn silage samples研究达农威益康XP和样品加工方法的影响 Studied the effect of Diamond V XP and sample processing每头牛每天投喂56g达农威益康XP 56 g Diamond V XP/cow/day,材料与方法Materials And Methods,达农威益康XP对玉米青贮瘤胃消化率的影响Effect Of Diamond V XP On In Situ Corn Silage Digestibility,Yoon and Garrett. 1998.
5、 World Anim. Prod. Vol 1:322-323.,达农威益康XP对瘤胃功能的影响Effect Of Diamond V Yeast Culture On Rumen Function,试验目的Objective,测定达农威益康XP对瘤胃液相流通速度、稀释率和发酵的影响To determine the effect of Diamond V Yeast Culture on rumen liquid flow and dilution rate and fermentation,材料与方法Materials And Methods,每个处理分配5头安装瘤胃瘘管的阉牛 Five
6、ruminally cannulated steers assigned to each treatment 苜蓿干草和高粱基础日粮 Alfalfa hay and grain sorghum based diet在14天试验期中的第13天给阉牛投服指示剂Steers were dosed with markers on day 13 of the 14-day experimental period处理 Treatments对照组 Control达农威益康 Diamond V Yeast Culture (1.85%),瘤胃测定指标Ruminal Measurements,干物质采食量Dry
7、 matter intake液相体积Liquid volume, L瘤胃液的数量amount of liquid in the rumen液相流通速度Liquid flow rate, L/hr每小时通过瘤胃的液体体积 volume of liquid washing out of the rumen per hour液相稀释率Liquid dilution rate, %/hr每小时通过瘤胃的液体百分比 proportion of liquid that washes out of the rumen/hr,酵母培养物对瘤胃消化动态学的影响Effect Of Yeast Culture On
8、 Rumen Digestion Kinetics,Adams et al. 1981. J. Anim. Sci. 53:780.,*P.01,结论Conclusion,达农威益康可提高干物质采食量、液相稀释率和液相流通速度 Diamond V Yeast Culture increased DMI, liquid dilution rate and liquid outflow rate缩短液相周转时间 Liquid turnover time9.7 hrs Control对照组9.3 hrs Yeast Culture益康组,在热应激条件下提高干物质采食量是有益的 Increased D
9、MI intake is beneficial under heat stress conditions提高液相稀释率意味着可提高水的摄入量和微生物产量 Increased liquid dilution means increased water consumption and more microbial yield,提示Implications,目的Objective,研究达农威益康对瘤胃功能和养分消化的影响To study the effect of Diamond V Yeast Culture on ruminal characteristics and nutrient dige
10、stibility,材料与方法Materials And Methods,每个处理分配4头安装瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛 Four Holstein cows fitted with ruminal fistulas assigned each treatment苜蓿干草和压片大麦基础日粮 Alfalfa hay and rolled barley-based diet铬-EDTA 和铬标记纤维作为瘤胃食糜标记物 Cr-EDTA & Cr-mordanted fiber used as markers for ruminal digesta kinetics 试验处理Treatments对照组 Co
11、ntrol达农威益康Diamond V Yeast Culture (1%),瘤胃测定指标Ruminal Measurements,液相体积Liquid volume, L液相稀释率Liquid dilution rate, %/h液相流通速度Liquid outflow rate, %/h固相食糜流通率Particulate rate of passage, %/h瘤胃细菌蛋白Ruminal bacteriaVFA产量VFA production,达农威益康对瘤胃流通的影响Effect Of Diamond V Yeast Culture On Ruminal Flow,Wiedmeier
12、et al. 1987. J. Dairy Sci. 70:2063.,*P.05,Wiedmeier et al. 1987. J. Dairy Sci. 70:2063.,达农威益康对瘤胃细菌和VFA的影响Effect Of Diamond V Yeast Culture On Ruminal Bacteria And VFA,小结Summary,达农威益康可提高干物质采食量 Diamond V Yeast Culture increased dry matter intake达农威益康可提高液相体积、流通速度、稀释率和缩短周转时间 Diamond V Yeast Culture incr
13、eased liquid volume, flow rate, dilution rate and decrease turnover time提高液相稀释率导致提高微生物和VFA 产量Increased liquid dilution resulted in improved microbial yield and VFA production缩短液相周转时间提高水摄入量热应激下非常重要 Decreased liquid turnover enhances water consumption important under heat stress,达农威益康提高瘤胃细菌Diamond V Y
14、east Culture Increases Rumen Bacteria,Harrison et al. 1988. J. Dairy Sci.71:2967-2975.Wiedmeier et al. 1987. J. Dairy Sci. 70:2063-2068.,瘤胃细菌Rumen Bacteria (刺激生长Growth Stimulation),细菌总量Total Bacteria,纤维分解菌Cellulolytic Bacteria,+64%,+30%,+55%,+60%,P.05,P.05,体外试验乳酸利用菌的生长In Vitro Lactate Utilizer Growt
15、h,试验设计Experimental Design,纯培养生长 Pure Culture Growth 培养24小时 24 Hour Incubation两种细菌Two Species of Bacteria反刍月形单胞菌Selenomonas ruminantium埃氏巨球形菌Megasphaera elsdenii,Calaway and Martin. 1997. University of Georgia.,细菌生长Bacterial Growth(乳酸利用菌Lactate Utilizers),Calaway and Martin. 1997. University of Georg
16、ia.,乳酸利用菌的生长Growth of Lactate Utilizers24小时浊度24 Hour Turbidity,反刍月形单胞菌Selenomonas ruminantium,埃氏巨球形菌Megasphaera elsdenii,体外试验纤维消化菌In Vitro Fiber Digesting Bacteria,试验设计Experimental Design,纯培养 Pure Culture Growth 培养24小时 24 Hour Incubation3种细菌 Three Species of Bacteria产琥珀酸丝状杆菌Fibrobacter succinogenes生
17、黄瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus flavefaciens白色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus albus,Calaway and Martin. 1997. University of Georgia.,纤维分解菌Cellulolytic Bacteria(24小时生长24 Hour Growth),Calaway and Martin. 1997. University of Georgia.,丙酸Propionic Acid,Calaway and Martin. 1997. University of Georgia.,反刍月形单胞菌Selenomonas ruminantium,埃
18、氏巨球形菌Megasphaera elsdenii,P.10,P.05,P.05,瘤胃内pH值为6.8时6.8 pH In The Rumen,pH5.5引起乳酸增加5.5 pH Causes Increased Lactate,乳酸模式Lactate Model(反刍动物Ruminants),达农威益康XP与热应激XP And Heat Stress,牛场研究Dairy Research,热应激期间达农威益康对产量的影响Effect Of Diamond V Yeast Culture On Production During Heat Stress,186头经产荷斯坦奶牛（泌乳天数170天
19、） One hundred eighty-six multiparous Holstein cows (170 DIM)研究持续12周 Twelve week study玉米青贮基础全混日粮 Corn silage based TMR每天饲喂达农威益康112克 112 g (4 oz) Diamond V Yeast Culture,Harris and Lobo - 1988佛罗里达大学 University of Florida,热应激期间达农威益康XP对产奶量的影响Effect Of Diamond V Yeast Culture On Production During Heat St
20、ress,Harris and Lobo. 1988. J. Dairy Sci. 71(Supp. 1):276.,*P.05,269头经产荷斯坦奶牛（泌乳天数102天） Two hundred sixty-nine multiparous Holstein cows (102 DIM)8周研究 Eight week study玉米青贮基础全混日粮 Corn silage based TMR每天饲喂56克达农威益康XP 56 g (2 oz) Diamond V XP Yeast Culture,Harris and Webb - 1990佛罗里达大学 University of Flori
21、da,热应激期间达农威益康XP对产奶量的影响Effect Of Diamond V XP On Milk Production During Heat Stress,Harris and Webb. 1990. J. Dairy Sci. 73(Suppl. 1):266.,*P.05,热应激期间达农威益康XP对产奶量的影响Effect Of Diamond V XP On Milk Production During Heat Stress,夏季达农威益康XP对以色列荷斯坦奶牛产奶量的影响Effect Of Diamond V XP On Summer Production In Israe
22、li Holstein Cows,156头荷斯坦奶牛（泌乳天数120天） One hundred fifty-six Holstein cows (120 DIM)9周研究 Nine week study大麦青贮基础全混日粮 Barley silage based TMR每天饲喂达农威益康XP50克 50 g (2 oz) Diamond V XP Yeast Culture,Braun - 1993Kibbutz Dorot, 以色列 Israel,Braun. 1993. Matmor Central Feed Mill, Israel.,*P.01,夏季达农威益康XP对以色列荷斯坦奶牛产
23、奶量的影响Effect Of Diamond V XP On Summer Production In Israeli Holstein Cows,达农威益康XP对热应激荷斯坦奶牛的影响Effect Of XP On Heat-Stressed Holstein Cows,66头经产荷斯坦奶牛（200DIM） Sixty-six multiparous Holstein cows (200 DIM)10周研究 Ten week study60%的奶牛使用bST 60% of cows on bST 玉米青贮基础TMR Corn silage based TMR每天饲喂达农威益康XP45克 45
24、 g (1.6 oz) Diamond V XP Yeast Culture,牛场试验 Field Trial - 1997北卡罗莱纳州 North Carolina,每天的热应激指数Daily Heat Stress Index,North Carolina Field Trial. 1997.,North Carolina Field Trial. 1997.,*P.06,达农威益康XP对热应激荷斯坦奶牛的影响Effect Of XP On Heat-Stressed Holstein Cows,结论Conclusion,达农威益康可提高饮水摄入量、液相稀释率，缩短液相周转时间Diamon
25、d V Yeast Culture increases water consumption and liquid dilution， decrease liquid turnover 热应激条件下非常重要Important under heat stress conditions达农威益康提高液相稀释率导致提高微生物生长和VFA产量Increased liquid dilution with Diamond V Yeast Culture results in improved microbial growth and VFA production干物质采食量荷产奶量全面提高Overall d
26、ry matter intake and milk yield is increased,热应激期间为什么应该使用达农威益康XP？Why Should You Use Diamond V XP Yeast Culture During Heat Stress?,支持瘤胃细菌 Supports Rumen Bacteria提高饲料消化率 Increases Feed Digestibility提高日粮的可利用能 Increases Available Energy From The Diet,提高产奶量 Increased Milk Production改善体况 Improved Body Condition,热应激期间为什么应该使用达农威益康XP？Why Should You Use Diamond V XP Yeast Culture During Heat Stress?,谢谢！Thank You!,
