1、状语从句1. 时间状语从句2. 条件状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 结果状语从句5. 比较状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 让步状语从句8. 地点状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用 when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard when got to sch
2、ool yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill ring you up as soon as I ge
3、t to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在带有 till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到 时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到 才”, “在以前不”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out.Lets wait until the rain stop
4、s.We wont start until Bob comes.Dont get off until the bus stops.2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由 if, unless 引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he
5、 is ill.(3)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由 because, since, as 引导。例如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it i
6、s raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.(2)because 表示直接原因，语气最强。Because 引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由 why 提出的问题，只能用 because。As 和 since 语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由 as 和 since 引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：-Why arent going there?-Because I dont want to.As he has no car, he cant ge
7、t there easily.Since we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because 和 so 不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由 sothat, suchthat, so that 引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat
8、 语 such.that 可以互换。例如：在由 so.that 引导的结果状语从句中，so 是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是 : “.so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句” 。例如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由 suchthat 引导的结果状语从句中， such 是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；
9、名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词 a 或 an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to
10、see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)如果名词前由 many, much, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用 so, 不用 such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up al
11、l the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由 asas, 比较级 + than等连词引导。例如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that 引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He
12、studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词 can, could, may, might 等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill
13、 so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由 although, though 等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或 I
14、t was raining hard, but he still went out.8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由 where 来引导。例如：Go where you like.Where there is a will, there is a way.易混引导词 while, when, as 的区别：1.when 既可以指“时间点“,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指 “时间段“，与延续性动词连用（=while）。如：When he came in, his mother was cooking.When (While) we were at school, we went to the li
15、brary every day.While 表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：Please dont talk so loud while others are working.As 与 when 用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着“ 或“一边一边“之意。如：As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。2Because,as,since 的区别：Because 用于表示直接原因,回答 why 提出的问题，语气最强；As 用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成“由于“ ；s
16、ince 表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成 “既然“。如：Water is very important because we cant live without it.He didnt come yesterday as his mother was ill.Ill do it for you since you are busy.3suchthat, sothat, so that 引导结果状语从句的区别：such 是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下：1) such + a (n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词+that2) such+形容词+复数可数名词+th
17、at 3) such +形容词+不可数名词+that。如：This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.=He is so lovely a boy that
18、 we all like him.注：在“形容词 +可数名词复数/不可数名词“结构中，当名词前有 many, much, few, little 表示数量的多少时，名词前用 so。如：She made so many mistakes that she didnt pass the exam.【实例解析】1.You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such as running and walking.A. if B. how C. before D. where答案：A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件
19、状语从句，在这四个选项中只有 if 能引导条件状语从句，所以选 A。2. -Shall we go on working?-Yes, _ I prefer to have a rest.A. when B. if C. because D. though答案：D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选 though 才能说得通。3.None of us knew what had happened _ they told us about it.A. when B. until C. after D. though答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意
20、思是“在以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思应用“notuntil” 这一句型。4.-I hope youll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. Ill give you a call _ I get there.A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里，我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应选用 as soon as。选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。1.Jim spends a lot of money on books_he is no
21、t rich.2.Kate fell into sleep _she was listening to the music.3.-Is David at school today?-No. He is at home _he has a bad cold.4.We wont have supper _my mother comes back.5.Speak to him slowly _he may understand you better.6. _ she doesnt come on Sunday, Ill go fishing by myself.7.It is four years
22、_I had left that small village.8. _the air moves, it is called wind.9.We will go to the park _it doesnt rain tomorrow.10._little boys did _much work.11.There are few new words in the passage _we cant understand it.12.Go back _you come from.13.He reached the station _the train had left.14.-Do you hav
23、e a swimming pool?-No, we dont. At least, not _big _yours.15.Give me your paper _you have finished it.16.It is raining hard, _we have to stay at home.17. _you work harder, youll never pass the final exam.18.Look after te children _I am out.19.The village is _far away _I cant get there on foot.20.Tha
24、t is _an interesting book _I cant stop reading it.考点精炼一. 单项填空1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us?-I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; wi
25、ll be3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to helpC. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ t
26、o visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green.A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.A. when B. that C.
27、 until D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewestC. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to
28、paly.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him
29、.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a dayC. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day
30、.A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order thatC. No matter how D. The m
31、oment20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什麽玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on me.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her _ their mother.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents w
32、ill be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best.4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。_ _ _ _, she kept on learning Engli
33、sh by herself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。_ _ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didnt c
34、ome to school _ _ _ _.真题演练(2010 河北省卷 42. 1) Peter likes reading a newspaper_ he is having breakfast.A. until B. while C. because D. though(2010.江苏省盐城市 12. 1)Many students didnt realize the importance of study_they left school.A.when B.until C.as D.after(2010 四川省内江市 39. 1)I dont know if it_tomorrow.I
35、f it_,we wont go on a picnic.A.rains;rains B.will rain;rains C.will rain;will rain(2010 山东省潍坊市 29. 1)You have to leave now_you can catch the early bus.A.so that B.as soon as C.because D.if(2010 浙江省衢州市 23. 1) You should go over your test paper _ you hand it in .A. before B. though C. because D. as so
36、on as(2010 江苏省无锡市 12. 1)Scientists say it may be a few years _it is possible to test the new medicine on patients.A.because B.after C.before D.since(2010 年上海市 37. 1)We will have no water to drink _we dont protect the earth.A.until B.before C.though D.if（2010 江苏省扬州市 41）-Could we play football in your
37、 playground,Sir?-No,_you have the principals note.A.if B.unless C.because D.since（2010 四川省成都市 35. 1）I wont be able to understand what you say,_you speak too quickly.A.if B.though C.because（2010 浙江省湖州市 22，1）-Is everyone here today?-No.Tom is at home_he has got a bad cold.A.because B.if C.until D.unle
38、ss（2010 山西省 27，1）In summer , food goes bad easily _ it is put in the refrigerator.A. until B. if C. unless（2010 河南省 25，1）_its difficult to make her dream come true，she never gives upA.Though B.Unless C.Because D.If（2010 山东省莱芜市 27，1）-I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week.-Really? _ he comes,
39、my younger sister will be very happy,AIf B Until CUnless DBefore（2010 贵州省铜仁市 35，1）- May I go to the concert with you?- Im afraid not _ you have a ticket, because I have only one.A. since B. if C. unless D. though（2010 山东省菏泽市 27，1）Mary spends a lot of money on clothes _ her family is not rich.A. beca
40、use B. though C. if D. so（2010 黑龙江省鸡西市 29，1）Usually, we dont know how important something is _ we lose it.A. or B. until C. as soon as（2010 广西省定西市 15，1）She had a stomachache_she ate something bad.A. so B. because C. or D. although(2010 福建三明 29. 1)Many children like fried chicken _it is unhealthy foo
41、d.A.if B.because C.although（2010 广西南宁 32. 1）Mr.Brown knew nothing about the good news _his wife told it to him.A.before B.after C.since D.if（2010 四川达州 29. 1） I dont know if Jack_. If he_ , call me, please.A. will come; will comes B. comes; comeC. comes; will come D. will come; comes （2010 天津市 41，1）W
42、e wont start the meeting _our teacher arrives.A.though B.until C.while D.or（2010 青海省宁夏 33，1）-Did you catch what the teacher said?-No. She spoke so fast _ I couldnt hear her very clearly. A. which B. that C. when D. since（2010 辽宁省沈阳市 8，1） _ it snowed heavily yesterday, nobody in our class missed the lessonAThough BBecause CUnless DSince（2010 江苏省镇江市 8，1）A tourist will easily lose his way in Beijing _ he has a map or a guide.A. if B. because C. unless D. when（2010 广东省 18，1）The teacher speaks very loudly_all the students can hear her.A. so that B. because C. since D. when
