1、BU 管道词汇1 管道组成件 Piping component1.1 管子 Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe 管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管 steel pipe 铸铁管 cast iron pipe 衬里管 lined pipe 复合管 clad pipe 碳钢管 carbon steel pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe 不锈钢 stainless steel pipe 奥氏体不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic alloy steel pipe 轧制钢管 wrought
2、-steel pipe 锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 热轧无缝钢管 hot-rolling seamless pipe 冷拔无缝钢管 cold-drawing s
3、eamless pipe水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe 塑料管 plastic pipe 玻璃管 glass tube 橡胶管 rubber tube 直管 run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件 Fitting弯头 elbow 异径弯头 reducing elbow 带支座弯头 base elbowk 半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow 长半径 180弯头 long radius return 短半径 180弯头 short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） side o
4、utlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（ 形） double branch elbow 三通 tee 异径三通 reducing tee 等径三通 straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通 base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing
5、 tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45斜三通 45 lateral45斜三通（支管为异径） 45 lateral (reducing on branch)45斜三通( 一个直通口为异径) 45 lateral (reducing on one run)45斜三通( 一个直通口及支管为异径) 45 lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y 型三通（俗称裤衩） true “Y”四通 cr
6、oss 等径四通 straight cross 异径四通 reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管 reduce
7、r 同心异径管 concentric reducer 偏心异径管 eccentric reducer 锻制异径管 reducing swage螺纹支管台 threadolet 焊接支管台 weldolet 承插支管台 sockolet 弯头支管台 elbolet 斜接支管台 latrolet镶入式支管嘴 sweepolet 短管支管台 nipolet 支管台，插入式支管台 boss 管接头 coupling, full coupling半管接头 half coupling 异径管接头 reducing coupling 活接头 union 内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） bushi管帽 cap (C
8、)堵头 plug 短节 nipple 异径短节 reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管 Bend预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend 跨越弯管（ 形） cross-over bend 偏置弯管（ 形） offset bend90弯管 quarter bend 环形弯管 cirele bend 单侧偏置 90弯管（? 形） single offset quarter bendS 形弯管 “S” bend 单侧偏置 U 形膨胀弯管（| ?形） single offset “U” bendU 形弯管 “U” bend双偏置 U 膨胀弯管 double o
9、ffset expansion “U” bend 斜接弯管 mitre bend三节斜接弯管 3-piece mitre bend 折皱弯管 corrugated bend 圆度 roundness1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG）整体管法兰 integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF)对
10、焊法兰 welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖 blind flange, blind孔板法兰 orifice flange 异径法兰 reducing flange 盘座式法兰 pad type flange松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange 焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange 翻边端 lapped pipe end对焊环 welding neck collar （与 stub end 相似）平焊环 welding-on collar 突缘短节 stub end, lap松套板式法兰 loose plate flange 压力级 pres
11、sure rating, pressure rating class压力温度等级 pressure-temperature rating 法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing突面 raised face (RF)凸面 male face (MF)凹面 female face (FMF)榫面 tongue face 槽面 groove face环连接面 ring joint face 全平面；满平面 flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面 smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工 facing finish 粗糙度 roughness 光滑的 sm
12、ooth 齿形 serrated均方根 root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度 arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰 companion-flange 螺栓圆 bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式 type of gasket 平垫片 flat gasket 环形平垫片 flat ring gasket 平金属垫片 flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with cotton fabric insertion 天然白橡胶垫片 nat
13、ural white rubber gasket夹石棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion压缩石棉垫片 compressed asbestos class gasket夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片 non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片 PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的
14、缠绕金属垫片 spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环 inner ring 外环，外定位环 outer ring 波纹金属垫片 corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片 corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片 corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片 double jacketed gasket 金属包石棉平垫片 flat metal jacketed a
15、sbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片 solid metal serrated gasket 槽形金属垫片 grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片 ring joint metal gasket 八角环形垫片 octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片 oval ring gasket 透镜式垫片 lens gasket 非金属垫片 non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门 Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭 yoke 外螺纹阀杆及阀轭 outside screw and yoke (OS full port 笼式环 lant
16、ern ring 压盖 gland异径孔道 reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型 short pattern 紧凑型（小型） compact type阀杆填料 stem packing 阀盖垫片 bonnet gasket 升杆式（明杆） rising stem (RS非升杆式（暗杆） non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/ 限位器 indicator/stopper注油器 grease injector 可更换的阀座环 renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double
17、 disc parallel seat 开口楔形闸板 split wedge 挠性整体楔形闸扳 flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板 solid wedge 塞型闸阀 plug gate valve 直通型闸阀 through conduit gate valve(2) 截止阀 globe valve球心型阀盘 globe type disc 塞型阀盘 plug type disc 可转动的阀盘 swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀 throttle valve 针阀 needle valve(4) 角阀 angle valve(5) Y 型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀） Y-val
18、ve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀 ball valve 三通球阀 3-way ball valve 装有底轴的 trunnion mounted 耐火型 fire safe type浮动球型 floating ball type 防脱出阀杆 blowout proof stem(7) 蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型） wafer type 凸耳式 lug type 连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀
19、canted disc butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀 piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve 旋塞 cock 衬套旋塞 sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve 堰式隔膜阀 weir diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘
20、等）(12) 止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve 旋启式止回阀 swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve 弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve 底阀 foot valve双板对夹式止回阀 dual plate wafer type check valve 无撞击声止回阀 non-slam cheek valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve; non-return valve 活塞式止回阀 piston check valve斜翻盘止回
21、阀 tilting disc check valve 蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀 safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀 relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type 引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀 pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀 twin type safety valve 罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀 solenoid valve, solenoid operate
22、d valve 低温用阀 cryogenic service valve电动阀 electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve 气动阀 pneumatic operated valve机械式疏水阎 mechanical trap 浮桶式疏水阀 open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap 蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap 倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap 恒温式疏水阀 thermosta
23、tic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 metal expansion steam trap 液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 bimetallic expansion steam trap 脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀 thermodynamic trap放气阀（自动放气阀） air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）盖阀 flat valve
24、平板式滑动闸阀 slab type sliding gate valve 换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀 thermo expansion valve 自动关闭阀 self-closing gate valve 自动排液阀 self-draining valve管道盲板阀 line-blind valve 挤压阀 squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）风门、挡板 damper减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve 膜式控制阀 diaphragm operated control valve
25、执行机构 actuator 控制阀 control valve 背压调节阀 back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve 压力比例调节阀 pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀总管阀 header valve切断阀 block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve 调节阀 regulating valve 快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve 隔断
26、阀 isolating valve 三通阀 three way valve 夹套阔 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve 排污阀 blowdown valve 集液排放阀 drip valve 排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve 卸载阀 unloading valve 排出阀 discharge valve 吸入阀 suction valve多通路阀 multiport valve 取样阀 sampling valve 手动阀 hand-operated valve; manually operated valve锻造阀 forged
27、 valve 铸造阀 cast valve（水）龙头 bibb; bib; faucet 抽出液阀（小阀） bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve 软管阀 hose valve 混合阀 mixing valve 破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve 第一道阀；根部阀 primary valve 根部阀 root valve 事故切断阀 emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件 Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器 strainer 过滤器 filter 临时粗滤器（锥型） temporary strain
28、er (cone type)y 型粗滤器 y-type strainerT 型粗滤器 T-type strainer 永久过滤器 permanent filter丝网粗滤器 gauze strainer 洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester 喷嘴；喷头 spray nozzle 取样冷却器 sample cooler 消声器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint 波纹膨胀节 bellow expansion joint 单波 single bellow 双波 double bellow多波
29、 multiple bellow 压力平衡式膨胀节 pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节 hinged expansion joint 轴向位移型膨胀节 axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节 tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节 universal type expansion joint 填函式补偿器 slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器 single
30、actionpacked slip joint 球形补偿器 ball type expansion joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件 Piping Special Element软管接头 hose connection (HC)快速接头 quick coupling 金属软管 metal hose 橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube 鞍形补强板 reinforcing saddles 补强板 reinforcement pad 特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel 排液环 drip ring 排液漏斗 drain funnel 插板 blan
31、k 垫环 spacer8字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind 限流孔板 restriction orifice 爆破片 rupture disk法兰盖贴面 protective disc 费托立克接头 victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接 End Connection法兰端 flanged end 坡口端 beveled end (BE)对焊端 butt welded end 平端 plain end (PE) 承口 bell end承插焊端 socket welding end 螺纹端 threaded end (TE)法兰连接（接头） fl
32、anged joint对焊连接（接头） butt welded joint 螺纹连接，管螺纹连接 threaded joint, pipe threaded joint锥管螺纹密封焊连接 seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 焊接端 welding end承插焊连接（接头） socket welded joint 承插连接（接头） bell and spigot joint环垫接头 ring joint (RJ)万向接头 universal joint 软钎焊连接（接头） soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接 lapped joint 外侧厚度切
33、斜角 bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角 bevel for inside thickness 内外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for combined thickness法兰式的 flanged (FLGD)对焊的 butt welded (BW)螺纹的 threaded (THD)承插焊的 socket welded (SW)小端为平的 small end plain (SEP)大端为平的 large end plain (LEP)两端平 both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹 small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹 large
34、 end thread (LET)两端带螺纹 both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹 one end thread (OET)支管连接 branch connection焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓 bolt 六角头螺栓 hexagonal head bolt 方头螺栓 square head bolt 螺柱，双头螺栓 stud bolt环头螺检 eye bolt 沉头螺栓 countersunk (head) screw 地脚螺栓 anchor bolt; foundat
35、ion bolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝） turnbuckleU 形螺栓 U-boltT 形螺栓 T-bolt 圆头螺钉 round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉 maehine bolt 顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓 Jack screw 自攻螺钉 self tapping screw膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt 粗制的 coarse 精制的 finished, fine 螺母 nut 六角螺母 hexagonal nut方螺母 square nut 蝶形螺母 wing nut 扁螺母 flat nut 锁紧螺母 lock nut 垫圈 washer平垫圈 plain washer 球面垫
36、圈 spherical washer 弹簧垫圈 spring washer 方垫圈 square washer斜垫圈 slant washer 销轴 pinned shan 销 pin 开口销 cotter pin 定位销 dowel pin 带孔销 pin with hole圆锥销 taper pin 铆钉 rivet 键 key2.2 螺纹左螺纹 left hand thread 右螺纹 right hand thread 管螺纹 pipe thread 锥管螺纹 taper pipe thread直管螺纹 straight pipe thread 梯形螺纹 trapezoid threa
37、d 螺距 pitch of thread 粗牙螺纹 coarse thread细牙螺纹 fine thread 特细牙螺纹 extra fine thread 通长螺纹 full thread 惠氏螺纹 whitworth thread公制螺纹 metric ibread 美国标准锥管螺纹 American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)螺孔 tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferrous Metal碳素钢 carbon steel (CS)低碳钢 low-carbon steel 中碳钢 medium-carbon steel
38、 高碳钢 high-carbon steel普通碳素钢 general carbon steel 优质碳素钢 high-quality carbon steel 合金结构钢 structural alloy steel普通低合金结构钢 general structure low-alloy steel 合金钢 alloy steel 低合金钢 low alloy steel 中合金钢 medium alloy steel 高合金钢 high alloy steel 耐热钢 heat resisting steel高强度钢 high strength steel 复合钢 clad steel 工
39、具钢 tool steel 弹簧钢 spring steel钼钢 molybdenum steel 镍钢 nickel steel 铬钢 chromium steel 铬钼钢 chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢 chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel 不锈钢 stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless steel 马氏体不锈钢 Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金） Stellite 耐蚀耐热镍基合金 Hastelloy 铬镍铁合金 in
40、conel耐热铬镍铁合金 incoloy20 合金 20 alloy 平炉钢（马丁钢） Martin steel 镇静钢 killed steel半镇静钢 semi-killed steel 沸腾钢 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel 锻钢 forged steel铸钢 cast steel 铸铁 cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁 grey cast iron 可锻铸铁 malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁 nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁 pig iron 熟铁，锻铁 wroug
41、ht iron铸件 casting 高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢 chromized steel 镀铬的 chromium-plated, chrome-plated 镀层 plating 锻造，型钢 swage锻造的，锻造 forging 轧制 rolling 热轧 hot rolling 冷轧 cold rolling 挤压 extruding 冷加工 cold working热加工 hot working 拔制 drawing3.1.3 有色金属 Non-ferrous Metal铝 aluminum 铜，紫铜 coppe
42、r 黄铜 brass 青铜 bronze 铝青铜 aluminum bronze 磷青铜 phosphor bronze铝镁合金 aluminum magnesium 锰青铜 manganese bronze 蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金） Monel镍铜台金 nickel copper alloy 非铁合金 nonferrous alloy 钛 titanium 铅 lead 硬铅 hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度 ultimate strength 抗拉强度 tensile strength 屈服极限 yield limit 屈服点 yield point延伸率 percentag
43、e elongation 抗压强度 compressive strength 抗弯强度 bending strength弹性极限 elastic limit 冲击值 impact value 疲劳极限 fatigue limit 蠕变极限 creep limit持久极限 endurance limit 布氏硬度 Brinell hardness 洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness 冷流 cold flow维氏硬度 Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度 creep rupture strength断面收
44、缩率 reduction of area 韧性 toughess 脆性 brittleness 延性 ductility 冷脆 cold shortness3.2 非金属材料 Non-metallic Material塑料 plastic 丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯 acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)聚乙烯 polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯 polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶 styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯 polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯 polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯 polystyren
45、e (PS)氯化聚醚 chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺 polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate (PC) 醋酸丁酸纤维素 cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) 聚偏二氟乙烯 polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)氯化聚氯乙烯 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)缩醛塑料 acetal plastic 尼龙塑料 nylon plastic聚烯烃 polyolefin (PO)石墨
46、酚醛塑料 graphite phenolic plastics 热塑性塑料 thermoplastic聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料 fiber reinforced thermoplastics热固性塑料 thermosetting plastics 胶粘剂 adhesive 溶剂胶接剂 solvent cement 树脂 resin环氧树脂 epoxy, epoxy resin 聚酯树脂 polyester resin 聚酯纤维 polyester fibers 氟塑料 fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯 polyureth
47、ane 丙烯酸树脂 acrylic resin 脲醛树脂 urea resin 呋哺树脂 furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体 ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)合成橡胶 synthetic rubber 橡胶 rubber丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber 氯丁橡胶 neoprene 天然橡胶 natural rubber乙丙橡胶 ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃 glass 硼硅玻璃 borosilicate glass 耐火砖 fire brick陶瓷 ceramic 搪瓷 porce
48、lain enamel 木材 wood3.3 型材型钢 shaped steel, section steel, swage 角钢 angle steel 槽钢 channel 工字钢 I-beam T 型钢 T-bar宽缘工字钢或 H 钢 wide flanged beam 方钢 square bar 扁钢 flat bar 角钢 hexagonal steel bar圆钢 round steel; rod 钢带 strap steel 钢板 plate 网纹钢板 checkered plate 腹板（指型钢的立板） web翼缘（指型钢的缘） wing3.4 填料及填料函填料 packing
49、 石棉绳 asbestos rope, asbestos cordO 形环 O-ring 自密封 self-sealing 四氟带 Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳 asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 金属填料 metallic stuffing浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料 Teflon impregnated asbestos packing填料箱，填料函 packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖 stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定 Piping Material Specification管道等级 piping class; piping classification 管道等级号 class designation公称直径 nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size 公称压力 nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别 class (CL)低压 low pressure (L.P.)中压 medium pressure (M.P.)高压 high pressure (H.P.
