1、关系代词 that 与 which 的用法区别1.当先行词是物时，只用 that 不用 which 的情况1).先行词为不定代词，如 all, much, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one, something等。e.g. Is there anything _ I can do for you?Everything _ can be done has been done.He has got all _ he needs. 2) 先行词被 no,none, little,few ,the one ,one of, the only,an
2、y,the same, just, all, the very,much等词修饰时，只能用 that 引导。The only thing _ I can do is to have a rest.You can borrow any book _ you want to read.3) 先行词有序数词(含 the last)或形容词最高级以及被它们所修饰时，只用 that.e.g. 1. This is the best film _ I have ever seen.2. The first place _ they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk
3、Hill4)先行词即有人又有物时，只用 that。e.g. They talked about the persons and things _ they could remember. 5)被修饰词为数词时，只用 that.Three buildings have been completed, but there are two that are still under construction.6)有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词引用 which，另一个用 that 避免重复。He built up a factory which produced things that had nev
4、er been seen before.7)主语是 there be 结构，主语是物，修饰其主语的定语从句用 that.There is a book on the desk that belongs to FrankThere is a person who want to see you.There is a seat in the corner that is free.8)如果关系代词在从句中作表语时，则关系单词只能用 that.My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.9）如果特殊疑问句的主语是 who 或 which
5、（即主句已有疑问词 who 或 which 时， ，为了避免重复，宜用 that 引导。Who is the person that you want to see?Who that has read LuXun can ever forget him?2.当先行词是物时，定语从句中用 which 而不用 that 的情况：1）当关系代词前有介词时，只用 whichThis is the house of which the windows face south.This is the hotel in which youll stay.= This is the hotel (which/t
6、hat)you ll stay in2)在非限定性定语从句中，只用 whichTom came back, which made us happy.His dog, which was very old, became ill.3)先行词是 that，those 时，引导词用 which。Whats that which was bright in the car?Whats that which you have got in your hand?4)一个句子两个定语从句，为了避免重复，一个用了 that， 另一个用 whichLet me show you the novel that I
7、 borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.关系代词 who 与 that 的用法区别1. 当先行词是人时，只用 who 的情况：1) 先行词为 one,ones,anyone,all,those 指人时，引导词用 who.Anyone who didnt come must be punished.He is not noe who is easily frightened.The ones who tell lies wont gain others trust.Those who dont wish to go need n
8、ot go.2) 在 there be 结构中，主语是人，引导词只用 who 或 whom.be 动词的单复数要与关系代词 who 后面的谓语动词的单复数一致。There were two girls who came here.There is a person who wants to see you .There is a certain old man in the willage who none of us likes3) 若一个句子中有两个定语从句，第一个已经用 that,则第二个用 who.The teacher that was praided at yesterdays m
9、eeting who is our English teacher will go to Beijing tomorrow.The man that is talking with our teacher is the professor who gave us a report yesterday.4) 间隔性定语从句（即定语从句与先行词较远时） ，一般只用 whoI met a foreigner in the street yesterday who could ask me questions in Chinese.I came across my first teacher in t
10、he store yesterday who was stil beautiful.5)当先行词是人称代词时。He who doesnt make mistakes makes nothing.定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的形式根据句子先行词确定。I who am a student must study hard.He is one of the students who were late for schoolHe is the only one of the students who was late for school.5) 非限定性定语从句，只用 who 来引
11、导。He has a son, who is a doctor.2. 当先行词是人时，只用 that 不用 who 的情况。1)当先行词既有人又有物时，只用 that 引导。They often talk about the persons and things that they remember2）当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，只用 that 引导。He has changed, he is not the man that he was3)当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时，只用 thatShe is the most beautiful girl that I have ever see
12、n.4)当先行词是 other 时，定语从句只用 that 引导You can ask the old man or any other that was there at the time5)以 who 开头的疑问句中，定语从句的先行词如果是人，关系代词只用 that，不用who.Who is the girl that said hello to you just now?练习：1. 把下列句子改写成为定语从句。1）I know the boy. He can speak English well.2) The season is summer. It comes after spring
13、.3) I have a friend. His father is a teacher.4) That building is my uncles house. Its walls are white.5) The man is an American. I spoke to him yesterday.2. 把下列简单句改写成为带有定语从句的复合句。1）The boys playing tennis are my friends.2) He had a letter written in French.3)She is the girl called Mary.4) I know the boy running in the park.3.翻译。1）他所要见的人在上海。2）这是我出生的村子。3）我借的车坏了。4）这些就是我们这样做的理由。
