1、1新目标九年级英语各单元知识点小结Unit11. by + doing 通过方式 如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示：“在旁”、 “靠近”、 “在期间”、 “用” 、 “经过”、 “乘车”等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten oclock.The thief entered the room by the window.The student went to park by bus.2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 如：The students often talk about movi
2、e after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. = talk with sb. 与某人说话3. 提建议的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping?Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I g
3、o shopping?4. a lot 许多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。5. tooto 太而不能 常用的句型 too + adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。6. aloud, loud 与 loudly 的用法 三个词都与“大声“ 或“响亮“有关。2aloud 是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud 没有比较级形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son. 他朗读那篇故事给
4、他儿子听。loud 可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与 speak, talk, laugh 等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。loudly 是副词,与 loud 同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。7. not at all 一点也不 根本不 如：I like milk very much. I dont lik
5、e coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。not 经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾。8. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对感到兴奋 如：I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。9. end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事 如：The party ended up
6、 singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth. 以结束 如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始3later on 后来、随后11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的 中间（实义动词之前，be 动词之后）either 也（用于否定句）常在句末too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末12. make mistakes 犯错 如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。make a mistake 犯一个错误 如
7、I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Dont laugh at me! 不要取笑我!14. take notes 做笔记，做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做乐意做 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得很愉快。16. native speaker 说本族语的人17. make up 组成、构成 18. one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+ 名词复数形式
8、 其中之一如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。19. Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说) 做某事如：Its difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。句中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to study English20. practice doing 练习做某事 如：She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。21. decide to do sth. 决定做某
9、事 如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。422. unless 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句 如：You will fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你会失败。I wont write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写23. deal with 处理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem.24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now.
10、妈妈刚才很担心他的儿子。25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 如：I was angry with her. 我对她生气。26. perhaps = maybe 也许27. go by (时间 ) 过去 如： Two years went by. 两年过去了。28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事 强调动作正在发生see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。29. each other 彼此 30. regard
11、as 把看作为 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜了。31. too many 许多 修饰 可数名词复数 如：too many girls too much 许多 修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk much too 太 修饰 形容词 如：much too beautiful32. changeinto 将 变为 如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将钢笔变为一本书。33. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的帮助
12、下如：with the help of Li Lei = with Li Leis help 在李雷的帮助下534. compare to 把与相比 如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。35. instead 代替 用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来）instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是 用在句中，做动词如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year Im going to Shanghai instead.去年夏天我去了北京, 今年我将要去上海。I will
13、 go instead of you. 我将代替你去。He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。Unit21. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事否定形式： didnt use to do sth. / used not to do sth.如：He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足球。Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didnt.He didnt use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。2
14、. 反意疑问句肯定陈述句否定提问 如：Lily is a student, isnt she?Lily will go to China, wont she?否定陈述句肯定提问 如：She doesnt come from China, does she?You havent finished homework, have you? 提问部分用代词而不用名词如：Lily is a student, isnt she? 陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如 little, few, never, nothing, hardly 等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：He knows little Englis
15、h, does he? 他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？ 6They hardly understood it, did they? 他们几乎不明白，不是吗？3. play the piano 弹钢琴4. be interested in sth. 对感兴趣be interested in doing sth. 对做感兴趣如：He is interested in math, but he isnt interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。5. interested adj. 感兴趣的， 指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人interest
16、ing adj.有趣的，指某事物 /某人具有趣味，主语往往是物6. still 仍然，还：用在 be 动词的后面 如：Im still a student.用在行为动词的前面 如：I still love him.7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗8. 害怕 be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog.be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking.9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开，其反义词 off. with the light on 灯开着1
17、0. walk to somewhere 步行到某处 walk to school 步行到学校11. spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”spendon sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）spenddoing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事 如：He spends too much time on clothes. 他在衣着上花费了太多的时间。He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。7pay for 花费 如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了 10 元买这本书。12. take 动词 有“花
18、费”的意思 常用的结构有：It take sb . some time to do sth. 如：It takes me a day to read the book.take to do sth. 13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊 如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/ 某事 worry 是动词be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 worried 是形容词 如：Dont worry about him. 不用担心他。Mother is worried ab
19、out her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。15. all the time 一直、始终16. take sb. to + 地方 送/带某人去某个地方 如：A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。 (home 的前面不能用 to)hardly adv. 几乎不、没有17. hardly ever 很少 hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前: 助动词/情态动词hardlyhardly + 实义动词 如：I can hardly understand them.
20、我几乎不能够明白他们。I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。18. miss v. 思念、想念、 错过19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内 常与完成时连用 如：I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。820. be different from 与不同 21. how to swim 怎样游泳 不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和 what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定式短语。如：The ques
21、tion is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happymake sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh23. move to +地方 搬到某地 如：I moved to Beijing last year.24. it seems that +从句 看起来好像 如：It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。25. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事 Sh
22、e helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事 如：She helped me (to) study English。 她帮助我学习英语。26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词 15 岁的 fifteen-year-olds 作名词 指 15 岁的人fifteen years old 指年龄 15 岁 如：a fifteen-year-old boy 一个 15 岁的男孩Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15 岁的人喜欢唱歌。I am fifteen years old .
23、 我是 15 岁。27.支付不起 cant /couldnt afford to do sth. cant / couldnt afford sth.如：I cant/couldnt afford to buy the car.9I cant/couldnt afford the car. 我买不起这辆小车。28. as + 形容词/副词as sb. could/can/possible 尽可能的 如：Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 周尽可能快的在跑。29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦 30. in the end 最后31. m
24、ake a decision 下决定 下决心 32. to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是 如：to their surprise 令他们惊讶的是 to Li Leis surprise 令李雷惊讶的是33. take pride in sth. 以而自豪 如：His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪34. pay attention to sth. 对注意，留心 如：You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。35. be able to do sth. 能做某事 如：
25、She is able to do it. 她能够做到。36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 如：My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经戒烟了。37.不再 no more = no longer 如：I play tennis no more/ longer.我不再打网球。 not any more = not any longer 如：I dont play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。38. go to sleep 入睡Unit3101.语态：英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执
26、行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。Fish is eaten by cats. ( 被动语态) 鱼被猫吃。被动语态的构成由“助动词 be 及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与 be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态 被动语态结构 例句一般现在 时amare +过去分词is English is spoken in many countries.一般过去 时was +过去分词were + 过去分词This bridge was built in 1989.情 态动 词can/shouldmay +be+过去分词must/The work must be done right now.被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 （主动语态）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。
