1、Unit5 Section A 1a-2d 知识提纲 1、 词形转换 1.environment n. 环境 adj. environmental 自然环境的， 有关环境的 2.leaf n. 叶，叶子 复数（pl.）leaves 3 wide adj. 宽的， 宽阔的 adv. widely 广泛地， 普遍地2、 短语1. be known for 以 闻名，= be famous for 2.be made of 由制成 3. be made from 由制成 4. be made in + 地点 产于某地5. all over the world 全世界 6. by hand 手工地 7
2、. be good for 对有益 8. on the side of the mountains 在山边上3、 词法和句法1.be made of“由制成” 主语为制成品 of 后接原材料 ，制成品能看见原材料。be made from“由制成”主语为制成品 from 后接原材料，成品看不见原材料。be made in + 地点 某物产于某地 The desk wood . 桌子是由木头做的。Paper wood . 纸是由木材做的。The kind of watch Shanghai .这种手表产于上海。2. as far as I know 据我所知 据我所知， 李先生已经去美国了。I
3、know ， Mr. Li has gone to America. 3. both and 和都，不但而且 连接主语时，动词为复数。not only but also 不但而且 连接主语时， 动词就近原则。either or或者或者 连接主语时， 动词就近原则。neithernor既不也不 连接主语时，动词就近原则。Tom Jack know my address . They often drop by my home .A.Not , but B. Both , and C. Either , or D. Not only , but also 4. It seems that 似乎se
4、em + adj. / seem to do sth It seems that he is going to leave here . 似乎他要离开这里。= He seems to leave here . Unit5 Section A 3a-4c 知识提纲 一、词形转换1. produce v. 生产，制造 n.product 产品 2. France n. 法国adj. French 法国的3.Germany n. 德国adj.German 德国的 二、词法和句法1. search for 搜寻， 寻找 相当于 look for 2.no matter 不论， 无论 后接特殊疑问词 h
5、ow / when / where /which/who /what = 特殊疑问词+ ever 表示 “无论怎样 / 何时/ 哪里/哪个/ 谁/什么”引导让步状语从句。No matter what he does , I believe him . = he does , I believe him . 3. hardly adv. 几乎不 表示否定含义 I can hardly hear you , ? 4. avoid v. 避免，回避 avoid doing sth . 避免做某事 记忆顺口溜：be made of 与 be made from 用法由物制造，方式有两种； 样子很相似，
6、 用法不相同；of 两字母 ， 材料能看出；from 四字母， 材料看不出。You should avoid such a mistake . (make)5. be good for 对有益 be good at 擅长 be good with sb. 与和睦相处be good to 对好 6. everyday adj. 每天的 ， 日常的 every day 每日， 每天 相当于频率副词，做时间状语。He reads everyday English every day . 他每天都读日常英语。7. continue v. 继续，连续continue to do sth . 继续/ 接着
7、做另一件事情 continue doing sth . 继续做原来的事情After he finished reading a novel , he continued to play games with his friends . 他读完小说后跟朋友们继续玩游戏。 8.find (found , found ) v. 发现， 发觉 find it + adj. + to do sth . I find it very difficult to learn English well . 我觉得学好英语很难。find it + adj. + that-clause 是一个复合句， it 是形式
8、宾语 ，that 从句是真宾语。I find it relaxing that I can lie on the beach . 我发现我能躺在海滩上很令人放松。find sb. doing sth . 发现某人正在做某事 I found some boys swimming in the river . 我发现一些男孩正在河里游泳。Unit5 Section B1a-2b 知识提纲 一、 词形转换1. international adj. 国际的 n. internation 国际 2. celebrate v. 庆祝n. celebration 庆典， 庆祝活动 3.live v.生活 a
9、dj. lively 生气勃勃的 4. history n. 历史 adj. historical 历史的4. complete adj. 完整的 ， 完全的 adv. completely 完全地 ， 完整地二、短语1. find out 弄清楚， 查明 2. go on vacation (to)去度假 3.turn into 变成 4.according to 根据 ，按照 5.in trouble 在困境中 6.be covered with 被覆盖 三、词法和句法1. Have / has been around 这是习语 ，意思是“已经存在” Poetry has been aro
10、und for centuries . 诗歌已经存在几个世纪了。2. allow v. 允许， 准许 allow doing sth 允许做某事allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事be allowed to do sth . 被允许做某事 Its not allowed to smoke here . 这儿不允许吸烟。 3. use v. 使用 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 。be used to do sth. 被用来做某事be / get used to + n. / pron. / doing sth . 习惯于做某事be used for do
11、ing sth . 用来做某事=be used to do sth . 4.It took me about half an hour to get to the airport .I spent two yuan buying / on the pen .The pen cost me two yuan . Grammar（语法） 被动语态 主语 句 型take it It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. spend 人on sth .人 spend + 金钱 / 时间 +in doing sth.pay 人 人 pay + 钱数 for sth. 人 pay for
12、 sth. cost 物 物 cost + 钱数 （vi.）物 cost + sb. + 钱数 （vt.）一、语态概述 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak English. 主语 people 是动词 speak 的发出者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例如：English is spoken by many people. 主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be及物动词的过去分词 ”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。人称、
13、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表现出来的。三、各种时态被动语态的构成 1.一般现在时：amisare动词过去分词 Cars are made by them. 2.一般过去时：waswere动词过去分 The MP3 was bought by my father.3.含有情态动词的被动语态，由“情态动词be 过去分词”构成，例如： we can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.把主动语态的谓语变为被动语态的
14、谓语。3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的 by 短语。（ by 短语可以省。 by 短语后跟代词的宾格。）主变被解题步骤1. 划分句子成分，找宾语 -即动作的承受者2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即 be 动词的单复数.3. 判断动词的时态 -即 be 动词的时态.4. 修改谓语的形式 -即原句动词改为过去分词5. 修改原句的主语 -即 by+ 宾语（原主语）.They make shoes in that factory. Shoes are made by them.（宾变主，主变宾，谓动变成 be done 形，人称、数、格随着变）五、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁
15、。Some new computers were stolen last night. (不知道电脑是谁偷的) (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 巩固提升：一、单项填空( )1.The old man is good _swimming, and even now he often swims across Tuojiang River after supper.Aover Bthrough Cto Dat( )2.Your sweater looks nice.Is it made of wool?
16、Yes, and its made _ Shanghai.Aby Bin Cfor Dfrom( )3.Sanya is famous _ its beautiful beaches.Aof Bfor Cas Dfrom( )4._ happens, Ill stand by you.ASo BBut COr DNo matter what( )5.My parents dont allow me to _ out at night.Awent Bgoing Cgo Dgoes( )6.I have some good friends, _ dogs, cats and toys.Aas fo
17、r Bsuch as Cfor example Dsuddenly( )7.Miss Taylor never wastes money on anything too expensive, even though she can _ to.She has donated much of the money she saved to charities.Aallow Bremind Cafford Dtake( )8.When you are _， I will help you.Ain trouble Bin help Cwith trouble Din hope( )9.The whole
18、 city is _ fog.Acover with Bcovered withCcover Dcovered( )10.How do you study for a test?_ working with friends.ABy BWith COn DAt ( )11.The sweater is not the right _ for me.Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one?Aprice Bcolor Csize Dmaterial( )12.Ive got several novels written by Mo Ya
19、n.You can borrow _ if you like.Ait Bone Cevery Deither( )13.I like to read English in the garden because the flowers in it smell _.Agood Bwell Cbad Dbadly( )14.“Frog” ， Mo Yans latest novel, please!Sorry, it _.But it will come out again soon.Asold out Bis sold out C.has sold out D.were sold out( )15
20、.How often do you chat with your friends online?_ Im busy with my study.AOnly one month. BAbout twice a month.CAlmost every day. DMaybe in two weeks.( )16.Many trees and flowers _ in our school every year and they make our school a beautiful garden.Ahave planted Bare planted Cwere planted Dwill be p
21、lanted( )17.If our government _ attention to controlling food safety now, our health _ in danger.Awont pay; is Bdoesnt pay; is Cwont pay; will be Ddoesnt pay; will be( )18.Steve got over ten letters _ his pen pals _ their New Years resolutions last year.Afrom; about Bto; of Cabout; from Dto; about(
22、)19.I _ to the cinema.Would you like to come with me?Ago Bam going Chave gone Dwent( )20.Could you tell me_ at nine oclock last night?Er, I was washing clothes.Awhat you were doingBwhat were you doingCwhat you are doingDwhat are you doing二、书面表达假设某中学生英文报开展关于村庄变化的征文活动，请你根据下表所提示的要点，以“Change in Our Town
23、”为题，用英语为该报写一篇稿件，简述社会、家庭、学校及个人生活中的若干变化，展望未来生活及如何为此努力。家乡 小路大路 (或自拟一点内容)生活 步行、骑车乘车、开车 (或自拟一点内容)学校 旧校区新教学楼 (或自拟一点内容)变化个人 仅通过书本学习通过网络等学习 (或自拟一点内容)愿望 更加美好的生活(或自拟一点内容，说明自己的理想生活)打算 自拟一至两点内容，说明将如何为实现自己的愿望而努力注意：1表达中必须包含所给的要点，可以适当发挥，不要简单翻译。2词数 80 个左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。3作文中请勿提及真实校名及姓名。Changes in Our TownWith_the_ra
24、pid_development_of_Chinas_economy,_great_changes_have_taken_place_in_our_town_in_the_past_few_years.In our hometown, many paths have been turned into wide roads.As a result, it is easier for us to travel.People used to walk or ride bikes to work, but now they often take buses and many even drive their own cars.In schools, students sit in new teaching buildings instead of old houses.There they not only learn from books but also through computers.I hope we will live a better life in the future.I will study much harder now so that I can realize my dream.
