1、1Unit 1 Whats the matter?短语lie down 躺下 see a dentist 看牙医go to a doctor 看医生get an X-ray 拍 X 片take ones temperature 量体温all weekend 整个周末take breaks / take a break 休息without thinking twice 没多想get off 下车take sb. to the hospital 带某人去医院wait for 等待to ones surprise 使.惊讶的；出乎.意料thanks to 多亏，由于in time 及时on time
2、 按时think about 考虑have a heart problem 有心脑病right away 立即，马上gen into 陷入；参与do the right thingfall down 摔倒，跌倒put . on sth. 把.放在某物上get hit 被打击get sunburned 被晒伤be interested in 对.感兴趣take risks/take a risk 冒险lose ones life 失去生命save ones life 挽救某人的生命beacause of 因为by oneself 独自；单独run out (of) 用尽；耗尽cut off 切除
3、away from 离开，远离make a decision/make decisions 做决定be in cintrol of 掌管；管理out of control 失去控制go mountain climbing 去爬山give up 放弃give up doing 放弃做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事get into trouble 造成麻烦（烦恼）get out of 离开；从.出来have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难be/get used to doing sth. 习
4、惯于做某事use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事seem to do sth. 好像做某事keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事be in trouble 处于困境中get into trouble 陷入困境；造成麻烦have troube (in ) doing sth. 做某事有困难询问某人患了体积疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时Whats the matter (with sb.) ?（某人）怎么了？ (必须有 the)Whats wrong (with sb.)?（某人）怎么了？Whats the trouble (with
5、 sb.)/Whats ones trouble (某人)出什么事了？What happened (to sb. )? 2(某人) 发生什么事了？Are you OK? 你没事吧？Is there anything wrong (with sb.)?(某人) 有什么事吗？have 的常见用法：（1） have 表示“有”时，它强调所属关系，表示“某人拥有某物”He has a red bike (2) have 后面跟表示食品、饮料的名词，意为“吃，喝”hanve an egg and some bread (3) have 后跟一日三餐，它表示“吃（早饭、午饭、晚饭） ”，这个短语的中间不用
6、冠词have lunch (4) have 后面跟表示动作的名词，它没有固定的意义，与表示动作的动词同义have a look 看一看 have a swim 游泳 have a rest 休息一下（5） have 后面跟表示活动的名词，它表示“举办，举行”have a sportsmeeting 举办运动会 have an English class 上英语课 （6）have 还可以构成其他的一些固定短语have a try 试一试 have a good time 玩得高兴(7) have a +疾病名 患.病 其中 a 不能用 the 代替，也不能去掉，但翻译时不用译出have a co
7、ld have a fever have a cough have a +身体部位 -ache have a headache have a toothache have a stomachache have a sore +身体部位 指身体某处疼痛have a sore throat 咽喉痛have a sore back 背痛lie lying（现在分词）(vi) 躺，平躺 ;位于 lie - lay - lain lie down(vi) 撒谎 说谎 lie - lied - liedlie to sb. 对某人撒谎n. 可数名词 “谎言，假话”tell a lie/tell lies
8、说谎lay (vt) 平放，下蛋 laying (现在分词)lay - laid-laid rest v. n. 休息have a rest =take a rest = rest thanks to 多亏，由于 （介词短语）通常接名词thanks for 因.而感谢 接名词或 V-ing（1）be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ，to 是介词，后跟名词、代词或V-ingI am used to walking after dinner我习惯于晚饭后散步look forward to doing， pay attention to doing 中 to 是介词（2）be
9、used to do sth. 被用来做某事Wood can be used to make paper.木材能够被用来做纸3（3）used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（暗示现在已经不这样了）（1）run out “用完，耗尽”指某种资源被用完或耗尽 相当于不及物动词，主语一般是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的东西All the money ran out (3) run out of “用完，耗尽” ，相当于不及物动词，主语一是人，也可以是某种能消耗物品的机器等I am used to walking after dinner.(1) so that 为了，以便 =in order th
10、atin order to do 为了，以便,后接动词原形(2) so .that. 如此.以至于. ,后跟形容词或副词主语+谓语+so + adj./adv. +that.(3) such.that. 如此.以至于.such(+a/an) +adj. n. +that.He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him importance n. 重要，重要性-ance 名词后缀important adj. unimportant adj. 不重要的un 否定前缀die v. 死，去世dead adj. 死的，列亡的death n. 死，死亡wi
11、thout 介词with（介词） 常见用法（1） “具有，带有” ，表示事物所具有的性质、特征hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶（2） “和.在一起”He is talking with a friend.(3) “使用“She cut the apple with a knife(4)“关于，对于“Whats the matter with him ?(5) 表示行为方式 She likes to sleep with light on她喜欢开着灯睡觉24-year - old “24 岁的” 是一个复合形容词，复合形容词的特点：一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是
12、数词后的名词须用单数形式get on 上车 get off 下车 后面跟较大的交通工具，如公共汽车、火车、轮船get into 上车 get out of 下车 后面跟小汽车、出租车 taxi 、电梯happen “发生“，不能用于被动语态，且不与表示一段时间的状语连用。(1)sth.+happened+地点/时间 某地/某时发生了某事An accident happened in that street.那条街上发生了一起事故The story happened in 2008.4(2) sth.happened to sb. 某人出了某事（常指不好的事）A car accident hap
13、pened to her this moring.(3) “碰巧“，sb. happened to do sth.It happened that She happened to meet her friend in the bookstore.It happened that I had no money with me wait (vi) for sb./sth. wait for sb/sth. to do sth. 等待某人/某物做某事（1）to ones surprise 使.惊讶的；出乎.意料，放在句首，其后用逗号隔开（2）in surprise “惊讶地；惊奇地“,相当于副词性短
14、语，用来修饰动词，一般放在修饰的动词后面He is looking at the strange animal in surprise.（3）be sruprised at “对.感到惊奇” ，主语是人to ones +表示感情色彩的名词 意为“令/使某人.的是”to ones joy 令/ 使某人高兴的是to ones disappointment 令/使某人是失望的是to ones satisfaction 令/使某人满意的是（1）in time “及时“，强调正好赶上事先约定的时间，没有迟到；其后可接 for 引起的介词短语，表示”正赶上某事I am just in time for t
15、he plane.我正好赶上那个航班（2）on time ”准时，按时 ”，指按计划做某事，强调不迟到不早不晚Passengers get onto the plane on time.乘客们准时登机right away=at once ,right now “ 立即，马上“反身代词短语enjoy oneselfteach oneself/learn sth. by oneself 自学help oneself to . 随便吃（喝）hurt oneself 伤着自己by oneself 独自；单独cut oneself 割伤自己fall down “摔倒，跌倒“，是不及物动词短语，其后跟宾语
16、时须加介词 from ,此时 fall down from 相当于 fall off 意为“从.上掉/摔下来”He fell down from his bike yesterday=He fell off his bike yesterday 昨天他从自行车上摔下来（1）sick 生病的，有病的feel sick 生病了be sick =be ill（2）sick “恶心的”I feel a little sick.我带到有点恶心（3）sick “厌倦的“ be sick of I am sick of going shopping.5（1）take tisks =take a risk “
17、冒险”the risk of .风险（2）risk 用作动词， “冒险” ，其后可接名词、代词或 V-ing 作宾语Im willing to risk losing everything.我愿意冒失去一切的危险be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事，愿意做某事be ready for 为.作准备blood 不可数名词 a drop of blood 一滴血 bloody adj. 有血的；出血的(1) mean “意思是；意为”其后常接名词、V-ing 或宾语从句(2) mean “打算；意欲 ”mean to do sth. 打算做某事I mean to talk with
18、him about it.(3)mean “意味着“，其后常接名词或V-ing 作宾语mean doing My new job means working all day all night.我的新工作意味着夜以继日地工作get out of 离开；从.出来get into 进入tell of 叙述；描述the importance of (doing) sth. (做) 某事的重要性（1）be in control of 掌管；管理You should be in control of your own life and business.你应该掌管自己的生活和事业（2）be in the
19、 control of “受.控制；受.管理”The company is in the conrtol of the young man.这家公司在这个年轻的的管理之下（3）be out of control “失去.的控制“（1）keep on doing sth. “继续做某事”表示动作重复多次，中间有间隔，强调重复性She kept on working, althouth she was tired.尽管她加强累了，她还继续工作（2）keep doing sth. “继续不停地做某事”表示动作的持续不间断、无停顿，强调连续性Keepwalking until you reach th
20、e end of the road.继续走，直到你到达路的尽头（3）keep sb. doing sth. “使某人一直做某事”Dont keep your mother waiting.（4）keep sb. from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事“You shouldnt keep him from watching cartoons.你不该阻止他看动画片mind “介意；在乎” ，后面接名词、V-ing 或从句作宾语，但不能跟动词不定式6give up “放弃” ，其后可接名词、代词或 V-ing 作宾语，give up 是“动词+副词 ”型短语，后接代词作宾语时，代词放在 g
21、ive 和 up 之间give up doing 7Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks短语clean up 打扫（或清除）干净cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来give out 分发；散发used to 曾经.；过去.give away 赠送；捐赠set up 建起；设立make a difference 影响；有作用come up with 想出；提出put off 推迟put up 张贴；搭建；举起call up 打电话给（某人） ；征召help out 帮助.摆脱困境care for 照顾；非常喜欢try out 参加.选拔；试
22、用come true 实现run out of 用尽；耗尽 take after（外貌或行为）像fix up 修理；装饰be similar to 与.相似be strong in 擅长work out fine 奏效be excited about 对.感到兴奋、激动用法need to do sth. 需要做某事make plans to do sth.制订计划做某事ask sb.(not )to do sth.要求某人（不要）做某事used to do sth.过去常常做某事give up +时间+to do sth.腾出时间做某事get a feeling of 产生.的感觉help s
23、b. (to )do sth.帮助某人做某事make a difference to 对 .产生影响 make it possible for sb. to do 使得做某事对某人来说成为可能hope to do sth. 希望做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事remember to do sth.记得做某事clean up ,cheer up ,give out ,put off，fix up ,work out, give away 是“动词+副词”结构，后面可跟名词，代词，动词-ing, 作宾语，人称代词作宾语时，必须放在两词
24、之间（1）volunteer（vi）for “自愿做，义务做“后常跟介词 in,forThey volunteer for the work in the club.他们自愿地俱乐部里参加这项工作拓展 （2） volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事He volunteered to clean up the room after the party.（3）volunter n. 志愿者 I want to be a volunteer in the city.(1)notice 可数名词“通知，通告，布告”make some notices 制作一些布告put up a noti
25、ce 张贴一张通知拓展(2) notice v. “注意到，意识到“notice sb. do /doing sth. 注意到某人做了/正在做某事8Did you notice Jack come in?你注意到杰克进来了吗？I didt notice you carrying a box when you came in.你进来时我没注意到你扛着一个箱子。notice +that 注意到I noticed that he left the room.（1）(P10) used to 在此表示过去一度存在但现在已经消失的某一特定的情形。作这一用法讲时，used to 常与 be,have ,l
26、ive ,stay,like,love连用，表示“曾，曾经”We used to be very good friends when we were at school.我们上学的时候曾是十分要好的朋友拓展 （2） used to 还表示“过去常常”做某事，但现在不那样做了，后接动词原形She used to come her every week.她过去每周都到这儿来(1)care for “照顾，照料 “=look after=take care of 拓展(2) care for 还可意为“非常喜欢” ，通常用于否定句或疑问句中I dont care for basketball.(3)
27、care about “关心；在意”Your father truly cares about you.(P11) how to care for animals 是“疑问词+动词不定式 ”结构，在句中作宾语。疑问代词 what,who ,which 和疑问副词 where,when,why,how 后面接动词不定式构成动词不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语I didnt decide where to live.The difficulty is how to do more work with less money.困难在于如何用更少的钱办更多的事P11（1）get (vt.) “产生；
28、形成“，常与feeling ,ieda 搭配使用get better （2）get 系动词 “变得，变为”后接形容词such+a/an+形容词 +可数名词单数形式such 形容词 such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词so+形容词 /副词so +形容词 +a/an+可数名词单数so 副词so+many/much/few/little+名词joy 不可数名词“高兴，愉快”He jumped up with joy.他高兴得跳了起来owner 主人 the owner of .的主人拓展 （1） own adj. “自己的”一般用于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后，以加强语气。I saw it
29、 with my own eyes.（2）own (vt.) “有，拥有 “，相当于haveHe owns a big house.（3）of ones own “属于某人自己的” ；（4）on ones own “单独地，独自地“，相当于 alone9At last Ive got a big house of my own.最终我有了一座属于自己的大房子He wants to finish the work on his own.try out “参加.选拔；试用” ，当意为“参加.选拔”时常与介词for 连用Im trying out a new computer.我正在试用一台新电脑g
30、o on a +名词 “进行 .，举行”a dream come true 梦想成真at the same time 同时（一定有 the)raise money for “为.筹钱”拓展 raise “举起，抬起；提高；养育“homeless adj. “无家可归的”是由“名词 home+less”构成。后缀-less表示否定意义，意为“没在；无”“某些名词+-less”构成形容词hope -hopeless 无望的use -useless 无用的stop doning sth.停止做某事 指停止正在做的事情Stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事指停止原来做的事情去做另外一件事The
31、y were very tired,but they didnt stop working.尽管他们很累，但他们没有停止工作He felt very tired,so he stopped to have a cup of coffee.他感到很累，于是停下来丟喝了一杯咖啡alone adv. “单独，独自”拓展 （1） alone adv.，还可用在名词或代词之后，“只有；仅仅“He alone understands me.唯有他理解我（3）alone adj. “独自的，单独的 ”在句中作表语She was alone in the dark room.（4）lonely adj. 孤独
32、的；寂寞的run out of 主语通常是“人”的名词，也可用于某种能消耗物品的机器，意为“用完.”相当 use up 拓展 （1） run out of 也可表示“从.跑出来“The dog ran out of the room.（2）run out 意为“用尽，耗尽” ，其主语通常是被使用的事物，其后不接宾语。His water soon ran out.take after =be similar to 拓展look like “看上去像 .”多指外貌you look like my brother.be like “像.”指外貌，性格What is your sister like?
33、你妹妹的性格怎么样？give away “赠送；捐赠”10拓展fix up 还可意为“安排（会议、活动等） ”I fixed up an interview with him.我安排了一次对他的采访be similar to “与.相像、类似”拓展be similar in sth. “在某方面相似”break-broke-brokenbroken adj. “破损的；残缺的 ”拓展break n. “间歇；休息时间”Shes worked for 27 hors without a break.她已经不间断地工作了 27 小时。write the letter to sb.拓展(1)writ
34、e a letter to sb.=writ sb. a letter “给某人写信“I am writing a lette to my friend.=Im writing my friend a letter=Im writing to my friend.我正在给我的朋友写信(2)hear from sb. “收到某人的来信 ”I hope to hear from you soon.thank you for (doing)sth. =thanks for (doing)sth. “因(做)某事而感谢你thanks=thank youset up “建起，设立” ，其后常接表示组织、
35、机构、团体等名词如school,hospital,government,companythe disabled “残疾人“，表示一类人，为复数概念拓展 able adj. 有能力的- disablev. 使失去能；使残疾- disabledadj. 丧失能力的，有残疾的make it possible for sb. to sth. “使某人做某事成为可能”make it +形容词（ for sb.）+to do sth.“使某人做某事成为.“,it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式（短语） ，形容词作宾语补足语The spaceship makes it possible to tr
36、avel to the moon.宇宙飞船使去月球旅行旅行成为可能 拓展it 作形式宾语的其他常见句型还有 think/find it +形容词 +to do sth. “认为/发现做某事是.的”I find it diffcult to talk to you.我发现跟你谈话很难make a difference to . （to 为介词）拓展make no difference to “对.没有影响” （to 为介词）It makes no difference to me.这对我没什么影响the blind “盲人”表示一类人deaf 聋的，表示哪只耳朵失聪要用介词 in.He is deaf in one ear.他的一只耳朵失聪了拓展 deaf 前加 the,表示耳朵失聪的
