七年级英语上册Unit2知识点归纳与练习.doc

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1、1Unit 2 This is my sister. Section A【视野聚焦】重点短语1. my two brothers 我的两个兄弟2. his sister 他的姐姐 / 妹妹 3. your friend 你的朋友经典句型1.This is my sister. 这是我的姐姐/ 妹妹。2. That is my brother. 那是我的哥哥 /弟弟。3. Is this your sister? No, it isnt. 这是你的妹妹吗? 不,不是。4. Is that your brother? Yes, it is. 那是你的兄弟吗?是的,他是。5. These are m

2、y friends. 那是我的朋友们。6. Those are my two brothers. 那是我的两个兄弟。7. Is Guo Peng your brother? Yes, he is. 郭朋是你的哥哥 / 弟弟吗?是的,他是。【学海拾贝】1. This is my sister. That is my brother. (1)This 和 that 都是指示代词,用来向别人介绍人或事物。 例如:这是一辆国产车, 那是一辆日产车。 This is a Chinese car and thats a Japanese car.特别提示This 是近指,指示距离较近的人或事物。 That

3、 是远指,指示距离较远的人或事物。值得注意的是:that is 有缩写形式 thats。而 this is 没有缩写形式。(2)当我们把一个人介绍给另外的人时,通常用 This is和 That is,而不用 He is和 She is。在正式场合介绍别人时,用全名显得更为尊重。例如:这是我的老师,史密斯太太。 This is my teacher, Mrs Smith. 那位就是郭朋先生。That is Guo Peng.思维拓展从交际习惯来看,一般情况下,老少之间,我们要先把年轻人介绍给年长者:男士女士间,先把男士介绍女士;职位有高低时,先把低位者介绍给尊者;在主宾之间,要先介绍宾客。 爷

4、爷,这是我的朋友,刘海。刘海,这位是我的爷爷。Grandpa, this is my friend, Liu Hai. And Liu Hai, this is my 2grandpa.2. These are my friends. Those are my brothers. (1)These 和 those 分别是 this 和 that 的复数形式。当被介绍的人是两个或两个以上时,就不能再用 This is或 That is这两个句型了,而是把 this 变为 these, 把 that 变为 those, is 变为are, 句中的名词要用复数形式。例如:这是我的朋友。This is

5、 my friend.这些是我的朋友们。These are my friends.那是我的妈妈。That is my mother.那是我的父母。Those are my parents.(2)主语是 these 或 those 的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的答语,通常用 they 来代替问句中的these 或 those。在一般疑问句的回答中,they 和 are 不能缩写。例如:这些是你的书吗?是的,是我的。Are these your books? Yes, they are.那些是他的学生吗? 不,不是。Are those his students? No, they arent. (3)

6、brothers 是 brother 的复数形式。brother “兄弟” ,是个名词。其他名词如:父母 parent, 卡片 card, 牛奶 milk 等等。思维拓展名词有“可数名词”和“不可数名词”之分。 “可数名词”指可以一个一个去数的名词,如:父母 parent,卡片 card 等。而“不可数名词”则不可以一个一个去数,需要借助量词来表达,如:牛奶 milk,我们只能说“一杯牛奶 a cup of milk, 一袋牛奶 a bag of milk”,而不能说 a milk, two milks。 可数名词有复数形式,其复数形式的构成规则是:1. 一般名词直接在后面加 s: broth

7、er-brothers。2. 以 s、x、sh、ch 、结尾的单词,在后面加 es: box-boxes, class-classes。3. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的单词,将 y 变为 i 再加 es: family-families, baby-babies。4. 以字母 o 结尾的名词一般在后面加 s, 有少数在其后面加 es: photo-photos, radio-radiostomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, 5. 不规则变化的名词复数形式需要单独去记。child-children, man-men, Chinese-Chinese3. Is that

8、your brother? Yes, it is.It 常用来指代上文提到的单数的人或事物,可翻译为“这(个) ”、 “那(个) ”或“它” 。回答 this和 that 为主语的疑问句时,一般用 it 代替 this 和 that。例如:这是一本英语书吗? 是的。Is this an English book? Yes, it is. 3思维拓展我们大家都知道,it 一般用来指事物,但在某些情况下也可以指代人。用来指心中判断或推测的人。-那是谁? Whos that?-我想是我们的新老师,史密斯先生。 I think its our new teacher, Mr Smith. 在没有弄清是

9、谁或不知其性别或还没有说出是谁的时候,常用 it 来指代人。-是谁在那里? Whos there?-是我啊,汤姆。Its me, Tom.有时可以指婴儿,尤其是性别不详时。看这张照片。这是你的妹妹吗? Look at this photo. Is it you sister?【牛刀小试】单项选择( )1.-Are these English books?- .A. Yes, these are. B. Yes, they arent C. No, they arent D. No, these are not.( )2. Mom, is my friend, Sam.A. He B. she

10、C. it D. this( )3. -Whos that?- my teacher, Mr Li.A. Theyre B. Shes C. Its D. This is( )4. These are my . A. a friend B. friend C. English books D. an English book( )5. -Is he your grandfather? - .A. No, it isnt B. Yes, it is C. Yes, hes D. Yes, he is( )6. They are four .A. boys B. boyies C. boyes D

11、. boy( )7. Is that aunt?A. she B. shes C. her D. hers ( )8. Whats name? Is in Class Two?A. he; his B. her; her C. his ; he D. she ; her句型转换1.Is this your brother? (作肯定回答), .2. This is my backpack.(改为复数形式).3. They are English books. (改为单数形式)English .4. That is my grandfather. (改为一般疑问句)your grandfathe

12、r?5. My sisters name is Lily. (对划线部分提问)4your sisters name?6. his, is , this , brother (连词组句)? 7. His backpack is black and white. (对划线部分提问)his backpack?8. These are his two brothers. (改为否定句)These two brothers. 用所给词的正确形式填空1. This (be) my sister .2. These are her two (brother). 3. His telephone number

13、 (be) 7912-587. 4. (this) are Chinese maps.5. I have three new (watch). 6. Are Mr. Wang. These are books. (you)7. isnt here. But jacket is here. (she)8. The (key) are on the desk.【超越自我】( )1. My sister is a clerk. works in a bank near here. (2005 北京海淀区)A. She B. He C. I D. You( )2. -Can I help you, s

14、ir? (2004 长沙)- Yes. Id like five and some peas.A. potato B. tomatoes C. meat D. banana ( )3. Oh, there is someone in the room. (2005 青海)- must be my brother.A. He B. This C. It( )4. -This is my good friend, Bob. (2005 福州)- .A. Its blue B. Its getting dark C. Glad to meet you( )5. It is a huge beauti

15、ful building. In front of we took some pictures. (2005 四川省自贡市)A. it B. them C. that【创新全解】牛刀小试版块答案:单项选择15 C D C C D 68 A C C 句型转换1.Yes, it is 2. These are my backpacks. 3. It is an , book 4. Is that 5. Whats 6. Is this his brother?7. What color 8. arent his用所给词的正确形式填空1.is 2. brothers 3. is 4. These 5

16、. watches 6. you, your 7. she, her 8. keys5超越自我答案1.A (前面主语是 my sister, 单数第三人称形式,所以相对应的用 she)2.B (横线前面是 five,因此要用可数名词的复数形式,故选择 B tomatoes)3.C (表示心中的一种推测,可能是我的弟弟。故用 it 来代替 he 或 she)4.C (此题考查情景对话,介绍别人时的应答,应该说“很高兴见到你 ”,故答案应选 C)5.A (用 “它” 来代替上文提到的“大楼” ,故选 A)Section B【视野聚焦】重点短语1. family tree 家谱2. my paren

17、ts 我的父母3. thanks for 为而感谢4. the photo of 的照片5. family photo 全家福6. talk about 谈论,讨论经典句型1. These are my parents. 这是我的父母。2. This is my friend, Lin Fang. 这是我的朋友林芳。3. Thanks for the photo of your family. 谢谢你的家庭相片。4. Here is my family photo! 这里是我的全家福。【学海拾贝】1. These are my parents. parent 是指父亲或者母亲。当表示父母双亲时

18、,则用其复数形式 parents。例如:我的父亲在一家电脑公司上班。My parent works in a computer company.她的父母都是教师。Both of her parents are teachers.思维拓展Parent 还可以有其他意思:根源,起源,根本例如:1. Industry is the parent of success. 勤奋是成功之母。2. Pride is the parent of all evils. 骄傲是万恶之源。另外, “父亲”还可以用 father, dad, daddy。 “母亲”还可以用 mother, mom, mommy。fat

19、her 和 mother 一般用于比较正式的场合或向别人做介绍时使用。而 dad, daddy和 mom, mommy 是孩子对自己父母的亲昵的称呼。例如: 1. Miss Li, this is my father. 李老师,这是我的父亲。6 2. Mommy, wheres my computer game? 妈咪,我的电子游戏哪儿去了?2. This is my friend, Lin Fang. 在这个句子中,有两个名词短语 my friend 和 Lin Fang,这在英语语法中叫同位语,它们两个是并列关系,第二个名词短语对第一个进行解释说明,用时在句中用逗号隔开。例如:爸爸,这是林

20、先生,我的英语老师。Dad, this is Mr Lin, my English teacher. 这个就是我的宠物,一只可爱的小猫。This is my pet, a lovely cat.3. Thanks for the photo of your family. (1)thanks for因为而感谢 , for 是介词,后面跟所感谢的内容作宾语,宾语可以是名词,也可以是动词,但要用动词的动名词形式。例如:谢谢你的帮忙。Thanks for your help.= Thanks for helping me.注意:第一个句中的 help 是名词,而第二句中的 help 是动词,因此用其

21、动名词形式 helping。谢谢您使得英语这么有趣。Thanks for making English fun.特别提示Thanks for 就等于 thank you for, 但 thanks 是名词,后面不能再直接跟名词做宾语; thank 是动词,后面必须跟着名词或代词的宾格形式做宾语。如:thank you, thank her无论是 thanks 还是 thank you 都表示对别人的好意表示感激、感谢。在日常生活中,他们是使用频率最高的感谢语,几乎适用于任何场合、任何对象。表示感谢的说法还有很多,如:Thanks a lot. / Thank you very much. /

22、Many thanks. / Thank you so much. / Thank you all the same.等等。当别人感谢你时,你应该做出什么样的回应呢?这里有一些可供你参考:Thats OK. 不用谢。 / Thats all right. 不客气。/ Not at all. 不必客气。/ Its a pleasure 或 My pleasure.我乐意为您效劳。 /Youre welcome.不用谢 等等。1每天和牛奶对你的健康有益。Drinking milk e(2)the photo of your family 你的家庭照片,还可以说 your family photop

23、hoto 意思是“相片,照片” ,其复数形式是 photos, “相片”还可以用 picture 来表示。短语中的 of 是介词,后面跟名词或代词的宾格形式,来表示照片上是什么或是谁。例如:这是一张可爱的大熊猫的照片。This is a photo of a lovely panda.他送我几张他的相片。He sent me some photos of him.4. Here is my family photo.(1)这是一个由 here 引导的倒装句。在由 here 和 there 引导的的句子中,如果主语是名词或名词7短语,句子要使用倒装语序。例如:车开过来了。Here the car

24、 comes.给你。 (这是你要的东西。 )Here you are. (2)my family photo= the photo of my family【牛刀小试】根据句意其首字母填空1. Jim is Jeff and Helens son. They are his p . 2. Your call your fathers father g .3. Here is a p of his family.4. Your fathers sister is your a .5. My c is the son of my fathers brother.6. Can you draw yo

25、ur f tree?7. Are t your parents?8. My cousins telephone n is 237-4258.9. T for your help.10. My uncle is Bill Brown. Bill is his f name.按要求写出所给词的相应形式1. this (复数形式) 2. those(单数形式) 3. son (对应词) 4. family (复数形式) 5. arent (同音词) 6. help (动名词形式) 7. they are (缩写形式) 8. these(反义词)_ _9. photo(复数形式)_10. pictur

26、e(复数形式)_ 单项选择( )1.Thanks a lot your letter and best wishes.A. in B. at C. for D. of( )2. The man and the woman my parents.A. is B. are C. am D. be( )3. Look! Here my family tree.A. are B. is C. be D. am( )4.- Your English is very good. - .A. No, not good. B. Yes, it is. C. Thank you D. Dont say so.(

27、 )5. Im a girl, so I am my mothers . A. daughter B. cousin C. sister D. son( )6. - Is this your bike?-No, . Its bike.8A. this isnt; Li Leis B. this is; Li LeisC. it isnt; Li Leis D. it is; Li Lei( )7. Mike and Tom .A. are English boy B. is an English boyC. are English boys D. is English boys( )8. Ni

28、ce meet you . A. too; to B. to; to C. too; too D. to; too( )9. I have aunt. A. a B. the C. my D. an( )10. His are both teachers.A. father B. mother C. cousin D. parents 【超越自我】( )1.-Thanks for the lovely party and the delicious food. (2005 宁夏)- . A. My pleasure B. No, thanks C. Never mind D. All righ

29、t( )2. The pears in my basket are smaller than in Jims. (2005 河南)A. it B. that C. ones D. those( )3. -Sorry, Im late. (2005 济南)- doesnt matter this time.A. This B. That C. It D. One( )4. Jack caught a big fish this afternoon. Now he is cooking for dinner.(2004 河南) A. it B. one C. this D. that 【创新全解】

30、牛刀小试版块答案:根据句意其首字母填空1. parents 2. grandpa / grandfather 3. photo 4. aunt 5. cousin 6. family7. they 8. number 9. Thanks 10. first按要求写出所给词的相应形式1. these 2. that 3. daughter 4. families 5. arent 6. helping 7. they re 8. those 9. photos 10. picture单项选择1-5 C B B C A 6-10 C C D D D超越自我答案1.A (对别人的感谢做出回应时,用“

31、不用谢” “很乐意为您服务 ”等表达,故而答案可选 A“我很乐意为您服务” )2. D(在英语中常用指示代词来指代前面提到的人或事物,这里意思是说“我篮子里的梨比吉姆的小” ,此处用 those 来代替 pears)3. C(上一句说“ 对不起,我迟到了 ”。回答说“这一次没关系” 。 “没关系”可用 It doesnt matter 来表达,是固定搭配)4. A(本句意思是“杰克今天下午捉了一条大鱼。正在他正在烹制它做晚饭。此题考查代词。 It 代替上9文所出现过的名词 fish)Self Check【重点单词】1. sister 名词,意思是 “姐,妹 ”。对应词 brother 兄,弟。

32、sister 表示“姐,妹” ,如果要明确表示“姐姐” ,可以用 elder sister, “妹妹”可以用 kid sister或 younger sister。链接:elder brother 哥哥, younger brother 弟弟2. friend 名词,意思是“朋友 ”。例如:我有一个好朋友。I have a good friend.我喜欢交朋友。I like to make friends.搭配:boy friend 男朋友old friend 老朋友childhood friend 童年的朋友思维拓展friend 的形容词形式 friendly。friendly 形容词,意思

33、是“友好的” 。 Chinese are very friendly to foreigners. 中国人对外国人很友好。 Dolphins are friendly to people. 海豚对人类很友好。【参考答案】3. Look at Marys family photos of Beijing. Complete the conversations.Mary: Look! Hes my father.You: Is this your aunt?Mary: No, she isnt. Shes my mother.You: Is this your grandfather?Mary:

34、Yes, he is.You: Is this your friend?Mary: No, he isnt. Hes my cousin.【Just for fun】说明:sister 既可以译作“姐姐” ,也可以译作“妹妹” 。小男孩误认为对方的表妹或姨妈是他的姐姐,原因是把 sister 理解成了姐姐,其实对方所指的是自己的妹妹,是一个正在吃棒棒糖的小女孩。【牛刀小试】单项选择( )1.-Is he your friend? 10-Yes, _. A. it is B. it isnt C. he is D. he isnt ( )2. -Is this your father? -No,

35、 _. A. it is B. it isnt C. he is D.he isnt ( )3. Is that your _ ? A. a picture B. picture C. pictures D. nice pictures ( )4. Are _ Kates _? A. this, book B. that,book C. these,books D. those,book( )5. Is Guo Peng your brother? _. A. Yes,it is B. No,it isnt C. Yes, she is D. No,he isnt ( )6. Thanks _

36、 your last letter. A. of B. from C. for D. to ( )7. Anna is not my sister. _ my cousin. A. He B. Hes C.She D. Shes ( )8. Is _ your aunt? Whats _ name? A. he,his B. she,her C. he,her D.she,his ( )9. What are those? _. A. They are apple trees B. They are apples trees C. Those are apple trees D.Those a

37、re apples trees ( )10. This is a boy. I dont know name.A. he B. his C. hes D. Shes汉译英1. 这是你的橡皮吗?this ?2. 她叫格雷斯.Grace.3. 他是我的朋友。He is .4. 她不是我的妹妹,是我的表妹。She my sister. She is .根据短文内容写出单词Come1 meet the family. This is a picture 2 my family. The man 3 my father. He is4 policeman. The woman is 5 mother,

38、She is 6 English teacher. They 7 a son and a daughter. The son is me.8 name is Lin Tao. Im eleven. Im a student. Im 9 school. The girl in a hat is my 10 . Her name is Lin Ying. Shes eleven, too. Were twins. We 11 the same. Were12 the same class. I look13 her. We14 good students. We like15 family. 【创新全解】牛刀小试版块答案:单项选择1-5 C D B C D 6-10 C D B C B

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