1、第 1 页 共 15 页人教版英语八年级上册 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 教材全解【教材内容解析】Section A1. Where did you go on vacation? (P. 1)on vacation 意为 “在度假” ，结构“on+名词”表示“在某种状态中” 。My family went to Hainan on vacation last year.2. .visited my uncle (P. 1)visit 此处用作及物动词，后接人或物做宾语，意为“拜访、看望” ，后接表示地点的名词，意为“参观、游览” 。I visit
2、ed my grandmother last week.Do you want to visit Shanghai?3. .go with anyone? (P. 2)(1) anyone 用作不定代词，意为“有人、任何人” ，相当于 anybody，用于疑问句和否定句中，在肯定句中用 someone 或者 somebody。但是 anyone 也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何一个人” 。Did you meet anyone friendly in that city?Anyone can be helpful in some way.(2) anyone 只能指人，不可以指物，后面不接 of
3、 短语；any one 既可以指人也可以指物，后可接 of 短语。第 2 页 共 15 页Anyone in my class knows any one of the singers and any one of their sons.4. .buy anything special? (P. 2)(1) buy 用作双宾语动词，表示“买” ，常用的结构为“buy sb. sth.”或者“buy sth. for sb.”，表示“为某人买某物” 。My father bought me a bike.=My father bought a bike for me.【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有
4、 give, bring, show, tell, sell 等。give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某物sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人(2) 形容词修饰复合不定代词（something/body/one, anything/body/one, nothing/body/one, everyt
5、hing/body/one）时，放在复合不定代词后面。I have something important to tell you.5. We took quite a few photos there. (P. 2)take photos 意为 “拍照、照相 ”，take a photo/photos of sb./sth.意为“给拍照” 。We took many photos on the Great Wall.Could you take a photo of us?6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.
6、 (P. 2)most of 表示“中大多数” ，后接可数名词或者不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于后面所接名词的单复数。Most of the food goes bad.第 3 页 共 15 页Most of us are going to the park.7. No, I bought nothing. (P. 3)nothing 用作不定代词，表示“没有任何东西” ，相当于 not anything。I did nothing special last month.=I didnt do anything special last month.8. Did everyone
7、have a good time? (P. 3)have a good time 表示“玩得开心” ，后接动词 ing，表示“做某事很开心” ，have a good time 相当于enjoy oneself/have fun。We had a good time at the party.=We enjoyed ourselves at the party.=We had fun at the party.I had a good time playing with my friends on the playground.9. How did you like it? (P. 3)How
8、 do you like.?意为“你认为怎么样” ，相当于 How do you feel about.?或者 What do you think of.?-How do you like the film?-Wonderful.10. Did you go shopping? (P. 3)go shopping 表示“去购物、去买东西 ”，相当于 do some shopping。类似的短语还有：go swimming, go skating, go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping 等。I went shopping and bought
9、 something for my parents.11. Of course! (P. 3)of course 意为 “当然” ，相当于 sure 或者 certainly。第 4 页 共 15 页-May I borrow your dictionary?-Of course!12. Still no one seemed to be bored. (P. 3)(1) seem 用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像” ，常用的结构有：seem+adj./to be/that+句子。The story seems true.What he said seemed to be a lie.It see
10、ms that they are going to pull down the house.(2) bored 表示“感到厌倦的” ，用来说明人的感受；boring 表示“令人厌烦的、单调的” ，用来说明事物的特征。The film was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.【拓展】以 ed 结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以 ing 结尾的动词，通常用来修饰或者描述物，类似的形容词还有：interesting/interested; exciting/excited; surprising/surprised 。Section B1. Wh
11、at activities do you find enjoyable? (P. 5)(1) find 这里表示“发现、觉得” ，宾语后常接宾语补足语，常用的结构有：find sb./sth+n./adj./doing sth./介词短语。The students find her a kind teacher.I find the book useful.When I passed his house,I found his wife cooking.Finally, they found the boy in the tree.(2) enjoyable 是 enjoy 的形容词形式，表示
12、“有趣的、令人愉快的” 。Im sure that we will have an enjoyable vacation.第 5 页 共 15 页The job is enjoyable and I like it.2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. (P. 5)arrive 作不及物动词，表示“ 到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词 in 或者 at。例如：When did you arrive?We are arriving at the station at two oclock.【拓展】reach 表
13、示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词（get 和 arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive in/at+地点。3. .so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (P. 5)decide 表示“决定”时，常用的结构为：decide to do sth.“决定做某事” 。The government decided to build another school in this village.4. My sister and I tried paragliding. (P
14、. 5)try doing sth. “尝试做某事” ；try to do sth. “尽力做某事” 。The doctor tries to save the sick girl.The boy tried playing the piano.【拓展】try 也可以用作名词，表示“尝试” ，have a try 表示“尝试一下” 。Im going to have a try.5. I felt like I was a bird. (P. 5)feel like 此处表示“感觉像” ，后接从句。He feels like he is swimming.【拓展】feel like 还可以表示
15、 “想要” ，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语，feel like doing sth.=would 第 6 页 共 15 页like to do sth.=want to do sth.Do you feel like going out for a walk with me?=Would you like to go out for a walk with me?=Do you want to go out for a walk with me?6. There are a lot of new buildings now.(P. 5)a lot of 相当于 lots of 表示“许多”
16、，可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。There is a lot of rain in summer in this place.【拓展】只修饰不可数名词的量词有：a little, little, a great deal of, much, too much只修饰可数名词的量词有：a few, few, several, many, too many, a number of既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of7. I wonder what life was like here in th p
17、ast. (P. 5)wonder 表示“好奇、想知道” ，后接 whether/if, what, who, why 等引导宾语从句。I wonder what they are doing now.I wonder if you can help me.8. I really enjoyed walking around the town. (P. 5)enjoy 用作及物动词，表示“喜欢” ，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。Do you enjoy music?I dont enjoy sleeping with the window open.9. What a difference
18、a day makes! (P. 5)本句是 what 引导的感叹句， what 引导的感叹句常用的结构有： “What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+第 7 页 共 15 页主语+谓语 ”或者“What+形容词 +可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语”。What a beautiful flower!What interesting books these are!What heavy snow it is!【拓展】how 引导的感叹句的结构为“How+形容词 /副词+主语+谓语”。How beautiful the bird is!How fast Mary runs!10. We wa
19、nted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. (P. 5)(1) want 表示“想要”时，为及物动词，后接不定式作宾语或者用于句型“want sb. to do sth.”中，表示“想要某人做某事” 。They dont want to throw away the old furniture.She wants her parents to pay for the car.(2) start 后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，用法相当于
20、 begin。When shall we start the meeting?Lets start discussing/to discuss about the next problem.11. We waited over an hour for the train because there are too many people. (P. 5)(1) wait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事 ”；wait to do sth.“等待做某事” ；cant wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”We are waiting for the result of the
21、exam.All the passengers are waiting to get on the bus.The children cant wait to rush out after the class is over.第 8 页 共 15 页(2) over 此处表示 “多于、超过” ，相当于 more than。My father is over 40 years old.(3) too much, much too 和 too many 辨析用作形容词，修饰不可数名词 I have too much homework to do.too much太多（的）用作副词，修饰动词 Don
22、t eat too much.much too 太 用作副词，修饰形容词和副词 The picture is much too beautiful.too many 太多的 用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数 The little boy has too many questions to ask.12. And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. (P. 5)(1) because of 意为“因为、由于”，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because 是连词，引导原因状语从句，后接一个句子。He is late for
23、 school because of the bad weather.=He is late for school because the weather is bad.(2) below 表示“在以下、低于” ，反义词是 above，意为“在之上，超过” 。It was five degrees below zero last night.13. My father didnt bring enough money.(P. 5)(1) bring 表示“带来” ，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词 here 连用；take 表示“带走” ，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词 ther
24、e 连用；carry 表示“搬、抬” ，没有方向性。The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.(2) enough 可以用作形容词，表示“足够的、充分的” ，用来修饰名词，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。The rich man has enough money.=The rich man has money enough.第 9 页 共 15 页【拓展】enough 还可以用作副词，修饰形容词或者副词，放在形容词或者副词后面，常用的结构为：be
25、 +adj.+enough+to do sth.“足够能够做某事” 。The boy is old enough to go to school.The father works hard enough for his family.14. Well, but the next day was not as good. (P. 5)当我们要表示双方某方面(如年龄、身高等)程度相同或不同时，常用 asas 或 not asas 结构，表示“和一样 ”或“和不一样”。如：Mary is as careful as Linda玛丽和琳达一样仔细。He does not run as fast as
26、Tom他跑步没有汤姆快。15. .because we forgot to bring an umbrella. (P. 6)forget to do sth.“忘记做某事” ，强调忘记去做某事，实际上也没有做； forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事” ，强调已经做过某事，但是忘记了。He forgot to take the message to his friend.Dont forget to lock the door when you leave.Dont you forget meeting me in the street yesterday?16. Why not?
27、 (P. 8)why not 意为“为什么” ，表示提出建议，后接动词原形，相当于 why dont you.?Why not go to the party with me?=Why dont you go to the party with me?17. Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water. (P. 8)with 此处表示“具有、带有” ，还可以表示“和在一起”或者“用” 。第 10 页 共 15 页I often go to school with my friends.Cut the apple with
28、a knife.18. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. (P. 8)so.that.意为“如此 以至于” ，用来引导结果状语从句， so 是副词，后面接形容词或者副词。Our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.【拓展】such.that. 引导结果状语从句，表示 “如此以至于” ，such 后面接名词短语，名词前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。He is such a smart boy
29、that we all like him.They are such experienced workers that they will solve the problem soon.19. My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. (P. 8)(1) tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事” ，tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事” 。The teacher told us to clean the windows.I told him not to draw on the wall.(2) keep doing sth.表示“继续做某事、一直做某事”She kept watching TV for two hours last night.(3) go on 表示“继续” ，go on to do sth.表示“ （完成一件事后）接着做另一件事” ，go on doing sth./go on with sth.意为“继续做同一件事” 。She went on to become a doctor.You cant go on working without any rest.
