1、is one of the practical form of values. The so-called values refers to the objective things are of no value and the value of fundamental perspective. Different values, peoples behaviour, attitudes, ways are different. People-oriented focus on human value and reality, we need the broadest masses as v
2、alues. Adhere to people-oriented values, is to make the economy more development, improve democracy, cultural prosperity, and live a happier; is deeply concerned that human development and human values, development of social and human development of rational unified, insisted in the material civiliz
3、ation, political civilization and spiritual civilization in the overall advancement of Socialist civilization to a higher level. Also want to see that persons value is not only meet your needs, also is to meet the needs of others and the community. Adhere to people-oriented, to strongly advocate eve
4、ry community member, serve others, beneficial to the community of people. The so-called Outlook, attitude is on the record, including who, how to create a record of achievements, how to evaluate performance, and so on. What values, what kind of Outlook. Adhere to people-oriented Outlook, is on the p
5、remise of respecting the interests and power of people, creating a popular, warm hearts, steady heart performance, creating “serve for one officer, the benefit of“ achievements, and overall construction of well-off society and promoting the all-round development of peoples performance. Achievement e
6、valuation in both economic accomplishments, take another look at the effectiveness of social progress; changes in both urban and rural change; both hard environment to strengthen and take another look at the soft environment improvement momentum of development at present, depending on the potential
7、for sustainable development. Leave people to talk about “values“ are worthless and leave people to talk about “Outlook“ is not what the performance. 4. people responded to the starting point of the question, and replied to questions point. Man is the sum of social relationships. We cannot leave the
8、chichuanyongdu, housing, tourism and entertainment, entertaining, and even certain political, economic, cultural and social environment, and so on. Due to human needs, all walks of life will come into being. People create for their survival, and continue enjoying the results of the construction. Col
9、orful in the transformation of the people of the world, community vitality in the creation of man. Therefore, any work we do, the starting point is human, what are people. Us speed up development, the core of which is to meet the needs of people, including survival needs, emotional needs and self-ac
10、tualization needs. It should be noted that people are not machines, not the slave of an object, not to be controlled. People have their own personality, has its own personality, has its own dignity. Person in need of care, you need to understand, need to meet. It is said that in the “agricultural so
11、ciety, people plant“; in “industrial society, man is an animal“; “the information society, returnNow, we are in a new historical stage of all-round construction of a well-off society. In perform duties, and carried out work of process in the, we to put people as a guide principles, and a test standa
12、rd, efforts from masses most hope do of things do up, from masses most care of hot problem grabbed, from masses most not satisfaction of place modified up, not make nominal of formalism, not do grandstanding of cosmetic, to seeking of style, help masses share, is people benefit. (C) the investee peo
13、ple is not only an idea, it is a job requirement. Philosophy through to the people-oriented thought in the work of the Office, must be clear work objectives. Party Office in the city this year remains: Advanced civil strife, local brand. The County (City) Party Committee offices and units directly u
14、nder the Office to hold high the banner of first to excellence, people-oriented requirements, strengthen the construction and management of the Office towards the work “a higher level“. Investee 1. political participation based on conspiracy to adhere to people-oriented, will be around to promote co
15、ordinationDevelopment events, great searchings. The 16 session of the partys scientific Outlook on development, is the new Central collective leadership to the development of connotation, development essentials, further deepen the essence of development and innovation, is our partys ruling idea a le
16、ap. At present, establishing and implementing the scientific concept of development has become the partys important work. As the Office of party Committee, working party should service center, initiative to claim leadership of the decision, the current focus is to focus on promoting comprehensive, c
17、oordinated and sustainable development with more suggestions, do more research, summarized the typical. One is drafted to raise the level of your presentation. Your presentation is the main Office of “products“, is the basic carrier staff service, is important to measure service levels. The quality
18、of your presentation, mainly depends on how much we drafted a document recognized by the leadership, how many are listening to the people in favour of the report, how many paid dividends in the practical work. Improve presentation drafting level, requirements we accurate grasp led intent, General le
19、d care of work are to as understand, General led consider of problem are to in-depth thinking; requirements we highlight place features, put superior approach policy and local actual combined up, put presentation of theme thrust and masses of by thought by wants to combined up; requirements we seeks
20、 to streamlined clear, with simple of language expression deep of thought, with short of length hosted rich of connotation. Second, the survey results more. Investigation of the base, the road to success is something, is our for the Party Committees policy decision a good idea, an important part of
21、a good staff. This year, to focus around industrial XING city, and farmers increase, and and manpower development, and seeking, major problem and foster advantage industry, and adjustment agricultural structure, and carried陕西省大荔县下寨初中初中文言文课堂有效性教学研究开题报告 开题活动情况（开题时间、地点、参与人员等） 1、开题时间：2013 年 9 月 19 日2、开题
22、地点：下寨中学多媒体教室3、参与人员：王峰、雷红茹、任江莉、郭彩玲、王丽开题报告要点：（背景和意义；目标；成立课题研究小组；本课题的主要内容、分工；基本方法、手段及途径；步骤；课题预期成果；完成课题的保障条件；研究经费预算等）初中文言文课堂有效教学研究课题是一般课题，课题立项号为：SJHYBKT 13该课题经过充分准备，于 2013 年 9 月 19 日正式开题，现将课题实施方案报告如下： 一、课题研究的背景和意义1课题的提出中国文言文内容五彩斑斓，绚烂多姿，博古通今，具有极为丰富的精神内涵。学生进入初中以后，语文学习中开始出现了文言文和古诗鉴赏内容，古诗文教学是学生继承优秀的文化传统和民族的
23、文化遗产的途径之一。由于文言文在现实生活中运用比较少，学生已有的阅读积淀有限，学生理解和掌握古诗文也就有一定的难度，语言理解的障碍，使学生在阅读时有种恐惧感，对古诗文阅读兴趣初中生普遍较低。又为了应对学业考试，大多数语文教师在教学古诗时只要求学生翻来覆去背诵必背篇目，教学文言文时则遵循“字字落实，句句对译，原意照搬”的原则，务必讲清每一个实词和虚词的意义和用法，务必理清每一种特殊句式的翻译及功能，以保证学生在中考取得好成绩，学生也只好死记硬背老师罗列的重点，根本谈不上提高文言解读能力和古诗鉴赏能力。又因为很多地区的学业考试中古诗文阅读材料一般来自课外，古诗文阅读的试题在考查学生文言知识积累和理
24、解的同时，都有意识引导学生联系文本进行拓展和探究，目的是从古今联系的角度进一步考查学生的文言文阅读能力和古诗鉴赏能力，力图引导学生从传统文化中汲取有益的营养，许多教师只好在课文教学之余进行反复的“上不着天，下不着地”的没有任何关联的所谓“拓展”阅读训练。这既无助于学生对文言语感的积累，也不能提高学生的古诗文阅读和鉴赏能力，相反，还加重了学生对古诗文学习的恐惧感。怎样切合言文教学内容进行有效的教学，值得每一位初中语文教师认真研究。is one of the practical form of values. The so-called values refers to the objective
25、 things are of no value and the value of fundamental perspective. Different values, peoples behaviour, attitudes, ways are different. People-oriented focus on human value and reality, we need the broadest masses as values. Adhere to people-oriented values, is to make the economy more development, im
26、prove democracy, cultural prosperity, and live a happier; is deeply concerned that human development and human values, development of social and human development of rational unified, insisted in the material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization in the overall advancement
27、of Socialist civilization to a higher level. Also want to see that persons value is not only meet your needs, also is to meet the needs of others and the community. Adhere to people-oriented, to strongly advocate every community member, serve others, beneficial to the community of people. The so-cal
28、led Outlook, attitude is on the record, including who, how to create a record of achievements, how to evaluate performance, and so on. What values, what kind of Outlook. Adhere to people-oriented Outlook, is on the premise of respecting the interests and power of people, creating a popular, warm hea
29、rts, steady heart performance, creating “serve for one officer, the benefit of“ achievements, and overall construction of well-off society and promoting the all-round development of peoples performance. Achievement evaluation in both economic accomplishments, take another look at the effectiveness o
30、f social progress; changes in both urban and rural change; both hard environment to strengthen and take another look at the soft environment improvement momentum of development at present, depending on the potential for sustainable development. Leave people to talk about “values“ are worthless and l
31、eave people to talk about “Outlook“ is not what the performance. 4. people responded to the starting point of the question, and replied to questions point. Man is the sum of social relationships. We cannot leave the chichuanyongdu, housing, tourism and entertainment, entertaining, and even certain p
32、olitical, economic, cultural and social environment, and so on. Due to human needs, all walks of life will come into being. People create for their survival, and continue enjoying the results of the construction. Colorful in the transformation of the people of the world, community vitality in the cr
33、eation of man. Therefore, any work we do, the starting point is human, what are people. Us speed up development, the core of which is to meet the needs of people, including survival needs, emotional needs and self-actualization needs. It should be noted that people are not machines, not the slave of
34、 an object, not to be controlled. People have their own personality, has its own personality, has its own dignity. Person in need of care, you need to understand, need to meet. It is said that in the “agricultural society, people plant“; in “industrial society, man is an animal“; “the information so
35、ciety, returnNow, we are in a new historical stage of all-round construction of a well-off society. In perform duties, and carried out work of process in the, we to put people as a guide principles, and a test standard, efforts from masses most hope do of things do up, from masses most care of hot p
36、roblem grabbed, from masses most not satisfaction of place modified up, not make nominal of formalism, not do grandstanding of cosmetic, to seeking of style, help masses share, is people benefit. (C) the investee people is not only an idea, it is a job requirement. Philosophy through to the people-o
37、riented thought in the work of the Office, must be clear work objectives. Party Office in the city this year remains: Advanced civil strife, local brand. The County (City) Party Committee offices and units directly under the Office to hold high the banner of first to excellence, people-oriented requ
38、irements, strengthen the construction and management of the Office towards the work “a higher level“. Investee 1. political participation based on conspiracy to adhere to people-oriented, will be around to promote coordinationDevelopment events, great searchings. The 16 session of the partys scienti
39、fic Outlook on development, is the new Central collective leadership to the development of connotation, development essentials, further deepen the essence of development and innovation, is our partys ruling idea a leap. At present, establishing and implementing the scientific concept of development
40、has become the partys important work. As the Office of party Committee, working party should service center, initiative to claim leadership of the decision, the current focus is to focus on promoting comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development with more suggestions, do more research, summ
41、arized the typical. One is drafted to raise the level of your presentation. Your presentation is the main Office of “products“, is the basic carrier staff service, is important to measure service levels. The quality of your presentation, mainly depends on how much we drafted a document recognized by
42、 the leadership, how many are listening to the people in favour of the report, how many paid dividends in the practical work. Improve presentation drafting level, requirements we accurate grasp led intent, General led care of work are to as understand, General led consider of problem are to in-depth
43、 thinking; requirements we highlight place features, put superior approach policy and local actual combined up, put presentation of theme thrust and masses of by thought by wants to combined up; requirements we seeks to streamlined clear, with simple of language expression deep of thought, with shor
44、t of length hosted rich of connotation. Second, the survey results more. Investigation of the base, the road to success is something, is our for the Party Committees policy decision a good idea, an important part of a good staff. This year, to focus around industrial XING city, and farmers increase,
45、 and and manpower development, and seeking, major problem and foster advantage industry, and adjustment agricultural structure, and carried2在初中阶段减轻学生心中对文言文的恐惧感，提高学生的学习兴趣，让学生初步积累文言语感、初识文言文常用字和大致了解一些古代文化常识，为阅读浅易文言书籍做好衔接，就非常必要了。义务教育语文课程标准指出：初中阶段（第四学段）文言文教学的目标是培养学生“能借助工具书阅读浅易文言文”的能力；古诗的教学目标是“诵读古代诗词，有意识地
46、在积累、感悟和运用中提高学生的欣赏品位和审美情趣”。因初中教材选入的古诗文篇目数量有限，份量远远不足，光靠学好课内几篇古诗文就要培养起学生阅读古诗文作品的能力，恐怕是勉为其难。又因为语文教学内容既包括在教学中对现成教材内容的沿用，也包括教师对教材内容的“重构”处理、加工 、改编乃至增删、更换；既包括对课程内容的执行，还包括在课程实施中教师对课程内容创新。“教学内容是在教学过程中创造的”，它逻辑地蕴涵着教师参与课程研制，用教材教和教学为学生服务等理念。因此，教师在用足用透教材的基础上，在不断的实践中有效提高学生文言文阅读水平，就显得非常迫切与必要了。2当前的研究状况目前语文教学实践中常见的文言文
47、教学研究有三种：一是与课文内容相关联的；二是与课文表达形式相类似的迁移性研究；三是具有比较鉴别意义的比较性研究。目前许多教师更多研究与课本内容相关的有效性，如有关课文作者的介绍，课文写作背景的介绍，文中涉及的某个知识点的补充阅读以及阅读的感悟、作者的其他作品等等，相对来说都比较忽视形式上的有效性，更少有比较阅读性质的有效性。文言文教学实践的形式也比较单一，基本上采用的是一篇课文加一个教师认为有探究价值的问题或一篇教师自认为有关联的课外阅读材料的形式。很少有学生自主选择的学习内容，这就很难激发学生的学习兴趣，也不能切实有效地提高学生的文言文阅读和鉴赏能力。由于受教师的文化素养和阅读积累的限制，以
48、及教师对教学有效性的认识的制约，很多时候进行的教学与学生的学习积累相脱节，与课堂教学内容不吻合。可以说，目前言文教学内容几乎都是教师一厢情愿，不择时机地塞给学生的，学生很少有选择的权利，学生自然也就缺少学习的兴趣，其效果当然极为有限。这种“传递中心教学”方式的弊端是明显的，可是今天有很多老师并没有意识到这一点，还视之为合理的教学方式而舍不得放手。虽然也有一些教师进行了非常好的教学有效性实践，但也没有进行很好地分析总结。对于这样的教学实践操作问题，理论界相对关注也较少。3理论依据及研究意义is one of the practical form of values. The so-called
49、values refers to the objective things are of no value and the value of fundamental perspective. Different values, peoples behaviour, attitudes, ways are different. People-oriented focus on human value and reality, we need the broadest masses as values. Adhere to people-oriented values, is to make the economy more development, improve democracy, cultural prosperity, and live a happier; is deeply concerned that human development and human values, development of social and human development of rational unified, insisted in the material c
