1、1材料英汉小词典 abrasion 磨耗abrasion test 磨耗试验absolute viscosity 绝对粘度absorbed water 吸附水absorptivity 吸收率accelerating agent 速凝剂accelerated curing 快速养护accelerated strength testing快速强度试验acid number 酸值acid resistance 耐酸性acid rock 酸性岩activator 活化剂 activity 活性active addition 活性混合材 active calcium oxide 活性氧化钙added w
2、ater 附加水addition of cement 水泥混合材adhesion 粘附adhesion agent 粘着剂adhesiveness 粘附性admixture 外加剂age 龄期ageing 老化age resisting agent 抗老剂aggregate 集料aggregate porosity 集料孔隙率aggregate bulk density 集料松散容重air entrainment 引气(加气)Air Entrain Admixture 引气剂 air entrained concrete 加气混凝土air entrainer 加气剂air entraining
3、 and water-reducing admixture 引气减水剂 air impermeability 气密性air permeability (Air penetration coefficient) 空气渗透率air pockets 鼓泡air space insulation 封闭空气间层alite 阿利特alkali-aggregate reaction 碱-集料反应alkali-silica reaction 碱-二氧化硅反应alloy 合金a11oy steel 合金钢air entraining cement 加气水泥alumina cement 铝酸盐水泥aluminof
4、eric cement clinker 铁铝酸盐水泥熟料aluminum foil 铝箔andesite 安山岩 angle of internal friction 内摩擦角anhydrite 无水石膏(硬石膏)anisotropic materials 各向异性材料anion 阴离子 cation 阳离子anionic emulsifier 阴离子乳化剂 anionic emulsion 阴离子乳液annealing 退火anti-skid performance 抗滑性 anti-stripping agent 抗剥剂areal thermal resistance (specific
5、thermal resistance) 比热阻(热导率的倒数)artificial 人造石artificial marble 人造大理石asphalt (地 )沥青asphalt cement 粘稠沥青(膏体沥青)asphalt concrete (地) 沥青混凝土asphalt mixture (地)沥青混合抖asphaltene (地)沥青质asphaltic acid (地)沥青酸auti-corrosion Admixture 防锈剂autoclave 高压釜autoclave expansion test 压蒸法axial tensive property 轴心受拉性能axial c
6、ompressive property 轴心受压性能Balanced area method 平衡面积法ball impact test ( 冲击强度 ) 落球试验法bar between mesh 加筋bar spacing 加筋间距base slag 碱性矿渣basic constituent 碱性组分基本成分 basicity , alkalinity 碱度，碱性batch mixture 配合料2batching 称量( 配料 )belite 贝利特bend stress 弯曲应力binder bonding agent 粘合剂binder 结合料bitumen 沥青bituminou
7、s binder 沥青结合料bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土bituminous content 沥青含量bituminous mastic 沥青胶粘剂bituminous material 沥青材料bituminous mixture 沥青混合料bituminous paint 沥青涂料bitumen-determination of penetration 沥青针入度测定法biaxial behavior 双轴向性质bituminous road materials 沥青筑路材料Blaine fineness 勃来恩细度blast-furnace slag 高炉矿渣bla
8、st-furnace slag cements 高炉矿渣水泥basalt 玄武岩bleeding 泌水性 blending method 调和法block stone 块石blown asphalt 吹制 ( 氧化 ) 沥青blended portland cements 掺混合料的波特兰水泥block brick 大型砌块blowing agent 发泡剂blender 搅拌器，打浆机Bogue equations 鲍格方程式bond 粘结board (block)insulation 绝热板bond strength 粘结强度breaking point 脆点bridge steel 桥梁
9、纲Brinell hardness (HB) 布氏硬度brittleness 脆性brittle point 脆点 brick 绝热砖broken stone 碎石brittle material 脆性材料brittle point of asphalt 沥青冷脆点building system 建筑体系，建筑系统Calcium 钙， 形成层calcium aluminate 铝酸钙calcium aluminate cement 铝酸钙水泥calcium carbonate 碳酸钙 calcium chloride 氯化钙calcium ferroalumnates 铁铝酸钙calcium
10、hydroxide 氢氧化钙calcium lignosulphonate 木质磺酸钙calcium lime 钙质石灰calcium oxide 氧化钙calcium silicate 硅酸钙calcium silicate hydrate (CHS) 水化硅酸钙calcium silicate insulat1on 硅酸钙绝热制品calcium sulfates 硫酸钙calcium sulfoaluminate 硫铝酸钙calcium sulfoaluminate hydrates 水化硫铝酸钙calcium-resin insulating board 钙塑绝热板carbon disu
11、lphide 二硫化碳carbonating 碳化处理carbon steel 碳素钢carbonated shrinkage 碳化收缩carbon tetrachloride 四氯化碳cation 阳离子 anion 阴离子cationic emulsifier 阳离子乳液化剂capillary voids (pores) in cement 水泥中的毛细管capillary water 毛细管水carbon dioxide 二氧化碳cavitation 混凝土中的大孔洞，空蚀作用 cement 水泥cement clinker 水泥熟料cement fineness 水泥细度cement
12、mortar 水泥砂浆cement resistance to chemical 水泥抗化学侵蚀性cement paste 水泥浆cement soundness 水泥安定性 cement specifications 水泥规范cement strength 水泥强度3cement types 水泥品种cement-water ratio 灰水比characteristic strength 特征强度chemically combined water 化学结合水crack 裂纹 chemical property 化学性质 chloride 氯化物chord modulus of elasti
13、city 弦弹性模量civil Engineering 土木工程clinker 熟料coarse aggregate 粗集料coefficient of permeability of concrete 混凝土渗透系数coefficient of thermal expansion 热膨胀系数coefficient of shrinkage 收缩系数 coefficient of shrinkage of concrete混凝土收缩系数cold-drawn reinforcement bar 冷拉钢筋cold rolled steel 冷轧钢cold-weather concreting 冷天
14、浇筑混凝土cellular concrete 多孔混凝土compacting factor test 捣实系数试验compaction (consolidation) 捣实( 捣 固 )compressive strength 抗压强度computer control system 计算机控制系统cube size 立方体试件尺寸coarse aggregate ratio to fine 粗集料与细集料之比composite insulation 复合绝热层component 组分 , 成分 , 构件composite 复合 , 合成 , 复合材料 composite Portland ce
15、ment 复合硅酸盐水泥concrete 混凝土concrete batching plant 混凝土搅拌站concrete composition 混凝土配合比 concrete products 混凝土制品concrete pump 混凝土输送泵conductivity 导热性consistency 稠度corrosion of steel in concrete 钢筋的腐蚀cost of concrete 混凝土成本cold bending test 冷弯试验 cold-laid bituminous concrete 冷铺沥青混凝土coal tar 煤沥青coarse aggregat
16、e 粗集料coefficient of variation (Cv) 变异系数cohesion 粘聚cohesiveness 粘聚性cold draw 冷拔cold-laid bituminous mixture 冷铺沥青混合料cold stretching 冷拉cold working 冷加工colloid 胶体colloidal structure 胶体结构colloid mill 胶体磨compacting factor 捣实因素composite material 复合材料concrete 混凝土concrete mix 混凝土混合料concrete mix proportion 混凝
17、土配合比continuous grading 连续级配cork 软木creep 蠕变crack 裂缝cracking 开裂 creep 徐变critical aggregate size 临界集料尺寸critical degree of saturation 临界饱和度critical stress 临界应力C-S-H 水化硅酸钙crushing test 压碎试验crushing value 压碎值crystallization 结晶( 作用)crystal structure and reactivity 结晶结构和活性curing 养护D-cracking D 形裂缝decay 腐朽de
18、coration glass 装饰玻璃4decoration mortar 装饰砂浆defoamer 消泡剂dense concrete 密实混凝土deformation 变形钢筋deformed bar 变形钢筋 , 螺纹钢defect 缺陷deflection 挠度degree of hardness 硬度degree of humidity 湿度deicing salts action 除冰盐作用 design of concrete mix混凝土配合比设计density 密度dense grading 密级配Deval abrasion test 双筒式(狄法尔) 磨耗试验dicalc
19、ium silicate (C2S)硅酸二钙 disperse phase 分散相dispersion medium 分散介质dolomite 白云石drying shrinkage 干燥收缩 ( 干缩 )ductility 延展性durability 耐久性durability factor 耐久性因素 dormant period 垫伏期dynamic modulus of elasticity 动弹性模量early-age behavior 早期性质early strength cement 早强水泥early wood 早材effective calcium oxide 有效氧化钙ec
20、ological benefit 生态效益effective absorption 有效吸收efflorescence 白霜，风化elastic modulus 弹性模量electron micrographs 电子显微图energy requirement 能量需要engineering plastics 工程塑料entrained air 引入的空气 erosion 冲刷风化、剥蚀ettringite 钙矾石equilibrium moisture content (EMC)平衡含水率expansive cement 膨胀水泥expanded perlite 膨胀珍珠岩expanded c
21、lay and shale 膨胀粘土和页石expanded slag aggregate 膨胀矿渣集料expansive cement concrete 膨胀水泥混凝土expansive phenomena in concrete 混凝土中的膨胀现象extensibility 可伸长性facing 面层false set 假凝fatigue strength 疲劳强度fatigue resistance 耐疲劳性ferrous metal 铁金属fine aggregate 细集料final set 终凝fire resistance 耐火性 flowing concrete 流动混凝土fle
22、xural property 受弯性能 flexural rigidity 抗弯刚度 (B) fineness of cement 水泥细度fineness modulus 细度模数(M) finishing 抹面( 修整 )fine sand 细砂fiber saturation point 纤维饱和点filler 填料fire point 燃点fly ash 粉煤灰fly-ash cement 粉煤灰水泥flash set 闪凝( 瞬间凝结 )flash point 闪点flint 燧石flow of cement mortar 水泥胶砂流动度flow value 流值foamed sla
23、g 泡沫矿渣 formwork removal 拆模foamed concrete 泡沫混凝土 fraction 组分fracture mechanics 断裂力学fracture toughness 断裂韧性free carbon 游离碳free calcium oxide 游离氧化钙 fresh concrete 新拌混凝土freeze-thaw resistance 抗冻融性5frost action on aggregate 骨料受到冰冻作用frost action on cement paste 水泥浆受到冰冻作用frost action on concrete 混凝土受到冰冻作用f
24、rost resistance 抗冻性Fullers curve 富勒曲线gap-graded aggregate 间断级配集料gas concrete 加气混凝土gap grading 间断级配Gauss equation 高斯方程gel 凝胶gel pores 凝胶孔gel/space ratio 凝胶/空隙比giving a basic reaction 发生碱性反应giving an acid reaction 发生酸性反应glass 玻璃体glass wool 玻璃棉grading / gradation 颗粒级配grading curve 级配曲线granite 花岗石graph
25、图表、图解graphical method 图解法 gravel 砾石、卵石gradation 级配gypsum 石膏hardening 硬化hardness 硬度heart wood 心材heat treatment 热处理heat of hydration 水化热heat transfer rate 热流量heavyweight aggregate 重集料heavyweight concrete 重混凝土semi-hydrate 半水化物heterogeneous materials 非均质材料high-alumina cement 高铝水泥high carbon steel 高碳钢hig
26、h-early strength cement 早强水泥high-early strength concrete 早强混凝土high-frequency vibration 高频振动high performance concrete 高性能混凝土high polymer 高聚物high strength cement 高强水泥high strength concrete 高强混凝土high tensile reinforcing steel 高强度钢筋high-workability concrete 高工作性混凝土homogeneous materials 均质材料hot-weather c
27、oncreting 热天浇筑混凝土hydrophilic and hydrophobic 亲水与憎水hydrated (Portland) cement paste 已水化的水泥浆hydration of Portland cement 波特兰水泥的水化hydration reaction of aluminates 铝酸盐水化反应hydration reaction of silicates 硅酸盐水化反应hydraulic cement 水硬性水泥hydraulic pressure 水压力hydration 水化（作用）hydraulic activity 水硬性hydrophilic
28、aggregate 亲水集料hydrophobic aggregate 憎水集料igneous rocks for aggregate 作为集料的岩浆岩impact strength 冲击强度impact ductility 冲击韧性impermeability 抗渗性，不渗透性impact resistance 抗冲击性impact test 冲击试验impact toughness 冲击韧度index of quality 品质指标，质量控制标准indicator 指示剂infrared spectrum (IR) 红外光谱inhomogeneous 不均匀的，多相的initial set
29、 初凝initial tangent modulus 初始正切模量 initial shrinkage 早期收缩initial strength 早期强度inorganic binding material 无机结合料interfacial tension 界面张力interlayer space in C-S-H C-H-S 中的层间空间interlayer water in C-S-H6C-H-S 中的层间水iron blast-furnace slag 化铁高炉渣iron-carbon alloy 铁碳合金iron ores aggregate (heavyweight) 铁矿石(重集料
30、)Killed steel 镇静钢Kiln dust 窑灰，飞灰laboratory 实验室1ime 石灰lime cement 石灰水泥lime stone 石灰石lightweight aggregates 轻集料lightweight concrete 轻混凝土Los Angeles abrasion test 洛杉矶磨耗试验 loss of slump of concrete 混凝土的坍落度损失low-carbon steel 低碳钢low heat Portland cement 低热波特兰水泥low temperature cement 低热水泥low temperature br
31、ittleness 低温脆性macrostructure 宏观结构magnitude of self-stress 自应力magnesium oxide 氧化镁magnesium salts solution effect on concrete 镁盐溶液对混凝土的影响manganese steel 锰钢manual plastering 手工抹浆map cracking 龟裂marble 大理石masonry cement 砌筑水泥masonry mortar 砌筑砂浆mass concrete 大体积混凝土matrix 基材maximum aggregate size 最大集料粒径maxi
32、mum crack width 最大裂缝宽度maximum density curve 最大密度曲线maximum size of sand 砂的最大粒径maximum theorical density 理论最大密度mechanical property 力学性质membrane curing 薄膜养护metamorphic rock 变质岩mica 云母microcracking 微裂缝microsilica 微细二氧化硅(硅粉)mild steel 低碳钢microstructure 微观结构mineral admixture 矿物外加剂mineral powder 矿粉minimum
33、crack spacing 最小裂缝间距mix design 配合比设计mixing of concrete 混凝土的搅拌mixing water 拌和用水mix proportioning(designing ) 配合比(设计)mix proportions 配合比mix proportion by absolute volume 绝对体积法配合比(设计)mix proportion by weight 重量配合比mixed base 混合基mixed-in-place 现场拌和mixed process 混合过程mixing time 拌和时间mixing water 拌和水mixed c
34、ement 混合水泥mixture 混合料moderate heat Portland cement 中热硅酸盐水泥moderate heat of hydration 中热moderate sulfate resistance 中抗硫酸盐modified Portland cement 改性的波特兰水泥modulus of deformation 变形模量(EB)modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of elasticity concrete 混凝土弹性模量moisture 湿度,水分moisture absorption 吸湿率moisture conten
35、t (MC) 含水量moisture condition 含水状态moisture content of aggregate 骨料含水量monosulphalte 单硫酸盐monosulfate hydrate 单硫酸盐水化物7mortar theory 胶浆理论mortar consistency 砂浆稠度mortar strength 砂浆强度multiaxial strength 多轴向强度neat cement paste 水泥净浆 needle crystal 针状晶体needle penetrometer 维卡仪non-hydranlic cement 气硬性水泥non-evapo
36、rable water 非蒸发水non-ferrous metal 非铁金属non-Newtonian f1ow 非牛顿流体normal consistency of cement paste 水泥净浆标准稠度normal distribution 正态分布normal equation method 正规方程法oil 油分oil-well platform concrete 油井平台混凝土opal 蛋白石open-graded mixture 开级配混合料optimum bitumen content 最佳沥青含量ordinary low-alloy steel 普通低合金钢ordinary
37、 oil well cement 普通油井水泥ordinary Portland cement 普通硅酸盐水泥ordinary concrete 普通水泥混凝土organic binding material 有机结合料organic impurities 有机杂质overlays of concrete 混凝土覆盖层oven-dry aggregate 炉干骨料overall thermal conductance 总导热系数over burnt lime 过烧石灰Particle size 颗粒尺寸particle size distribution 粒度分布pat test 试饼法pen
38、etration 针入度penetration index (PI) 针入度指数penetration resistance 抗贯入性percentage elongation 伸长率percentage passing 通过百分率percentage retained 存留百分率perpendicular to grain 横纹permeability 渗透性pH-value pH-值pig iron 生铁poissons ratio 泊松比physical property 物理性质phosphate 磷酸盐placing of concrete 混凝土的浇筑plain round bar
39、 光圆钢筋plaster of Paris 建筑石膏plastics 塑料plastic shrinkage 塑性收缩polymer concrete 聚合物混凝土porosity 孔隙率portland cement 波特兰水泥portland blast-furnace slag cement 高炉矿渣波特兰水泥portland pozzolan cement 火山灰质波特兰水泥potential compound composition 潜在化合物成分pore-size distribution 孔径分布pore-size refinement 孔径尺寸修整pozzolan 火山灰poz
40、zolanic reaction 火山灰质反应preplaced aggregate concrete 预填集料混凝土prestressed ferrocement预应力钢丝网水泥prestressed steel 预应力钢筋proportioning 配合pull-out test 拨出试验pulverized fuel ash 磨细粉煤灰pumped concrete 泵送混凝土quality 质量，性质quality control 质量控制quality assurance 质量保证quartz 石英quartz glass 石英玻璃quartz glass fiber 石英玻璃纤维q
41、uartz sand 石英砂quartzite 石英岩 quick lime 生石灰quick set 快凝8quick setting cement 快硬水泥quick-taking cement 快凝水泥 quick hardening 水硬性水泥quench 水淬，骤冷rapid setting and hardening cements 快凝与快硬水泥raw limestone 石灰石raw gypsum 二水石膏ready-mixed concrete 预拌混凝土recycled-concrete aggregate再生混凝土集料regulated-set cement 调凝水泥re
42、inforced concrete (RC) 钢筋混凝土reinforced plastics 加筋塑料relative density 相对密度resistance to chemical attack of mortar 砂浆耐蚀性resin 胶质，树脂retarder 缓凝剂retarding admixtures 缓凝外加剂retempering 重新调拌revibration 重新振捣rheological characteristics 流变特性rib height 肋高rib spacing 肋间距ribbed bars 带肋钢筋rich concrete 富混凝土rigid i
43、nsulation 刚性绝热制品ring and ball method 环与球法Rockwell hardness （HR） 洛氏硬度salt crystallization pressure 盐的结晶压sand 砂sand grading 砂的级配sandstone 砂岩sand grading curve 砂的级配曲线sand grading standard region 砂的级配标准区sand-lime brick 灰砂砖sandwich 夹层saturated aggregate 饱和水集料saturated and surface-dry aggregate 饱和面干集料satu
44、ration capacity 饱和含水量saturation point 饱和点scaling 麻面scaling 起皮，鳞片状剥落Schmidt rebound hammer 希密特回弹仪screeding 抹平seawater 海水sedimentary rocks for aggregate 作为集料的沉积岩segregation 离析self-stressing cement 自应力水泥self-stressing cement mortar 自应力水泥砂浆self-stressing concrete 自应力混凝土set retarder admixture 缓凝剂set reta
45、rding and water-reducing admixture 缓凝减水剂setting time 凝结时间setting of cement paste 水泥浆的凝结setting of concrete 混凝土的凝结shear-bond failure 剪切粘结破坏shear strength 剪切强度shrinkage 收缩shrinkage-compensating concrete 收缩补偿混凝土shrinkage crack 收缩裂缝sieve analysis of aggregate 集料的筛分析silica fume 硅粉slag 矿渣slip-formed concr
46、ete 滑模混凝土slump cone test 坍落度锥体试验slump loss in concrete 混凝土中的坍落度损softening point test 软化点试验solidspace ratio 固体/空隙比solid-state hydration 固态水化solidification 凝固作用soundness 安定性spacing-factors of entrained air 引入空气的间距因素 special steel 特种钢special hydraulic cements 特种水硬性水泥specific heat 比热specific surface are
47、a 比表面积9specifications 规范specimen 试件sphericity 圆度spiral reinforcement 螺纹钢筋splitting failure 劈裂破坏splitting strength 劈裂强度splitting tension strength 劈裂抗拉强度standard specifications 标准规范stiffening of cement paste 水泥浆的变硬standard deviation 标准差standard error 标准误差standard of concrete 混凝土强度standard sand 标准砂stan
48、dard sieve 标准筛standard test method 标准试验方法static modulus 静弹性模量steam curing 蒸汽养护strain 应变strength 强度strength at 28days 28 天强度strength grade of cement 水泥强度等级strength of cement mortar 水泥胶砂强度strength of cube 立方体强度strength of cylinders 圆柱体强度structure high density concrete 高表观密度混凝土结构stress 应力stress concent
49、ration 应力集中stressed crack 受力裂缝stress intensity factor 应力强度因素stress-strain curve 应力-应变曲线 structure lightweight concrete 结构用轻混凝土structure (microstructure) of concrete 混凝土的(微观)结构structures (concrete) in photographs 混凝土结构照片sulfate attack 硫酸盐侵蚀sulfates in Portland cement 波特兰水泥中的硫酸盐sulfate resisting cement 抗硫酸盐水泥sulfides and sulfate aggregate 硫酸盐集料sulphoaluminate cement clinker 硫铝酸盐熟料superplasticizer admixture 高效减水剂superplasticized concrete 超塑性混凝土supersulphated cement 石膏矿渣水泥,富硫酸盐水泥surface-active agents 表面活性剂surface area 表面积surface dusting 表面起砂surface energy 表面能surface hardness 表面硬度surf
