1、 Labview （虚拟仪器）Abstract:摘要Labview is a highly productive graphical programming language for building data acquisition and instrumentation systems. With Labview , you quickly create user interfaces that give you interactive control of your software system .To specify your system functionality , you s
2、imply assemble block diagrams-a natural design notation for scientists and engineers .Its tight integration with measurement hardware facilitates rapid development of data acquisition ,analysis ,and a graphical compiler for optimum performance .Labview is available for Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x,Mac OS,L
3、inux ,Sun Solaries , and HP-UX , and comes in three different development system options. 虚拟仪器是一种高性能的用于建立数据采集和仪器检测系统的图形编辑语言。在虚拟仪器的使用中，你可以快速建立让你交互式控制你的软件系统的用户界面.在要指定你的系统功能时，你只需要装配框图一种针对科学家和工程师的自然的设计表示法。它的硬件测量的紧密集成促进了数据采集，分析和图形化编译最佳性能的发展。虚拟仪器与 Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x，Mac OS,Linux ，Sun Solaries ， 和 HP-UX
4、 是相互兼容的，并且它集成了三种不同的开发体系的选项。Keyword:关键词data acquisition, instrumentation systems, interactive control, tight integration development system,数据采集，仪器系统，交互控制，紧密集成，开发体系Fast Development Labview accelerates development over traditional programming by 4 to 10 times! With the modularity and hierarchical stru
5、cture of Labview ,you can prototype ,design ,and modify systems in a short amount of time. You can also reuse Labview code easily and quickly in other applications.快速发展虚拟仪器对传统编程加快发展提升了 4 到 10 倍！在虚拟仪器的模块化和层次结构的使用中，你可以在很短的时间范围里完成原型,设计和修改系统.你也可以重用虚拟仪器代码数据方便而快速地在其他应用程序中运用。Better InvestmentUsing a Labvie
6、w system , each user has access to a complete instrumentation laboratory at less than the cost of a single commercial instrument .In addition ,user configurable Labview systems are flexible enough to adapt to technology changes, resulting in a better long-term investment .更好的投资应用虚拟仪器系统，每个用户有权访问完整的检测
7、实验室而其费用远少于单一的商业仪器。另外，用户数据配置的虚拟仪器系统是足够的灵活性，从而能更好的技术变化而得到长期的投资。Optimal performance All Labview applications execute at compiled speed for optimal performance .With the Labview professional Development system or application builder, you can build stand-alone executable or DLLs for secure distribution o
8、f your code. You can even create libraries or DLLs to call Labview code from other programming languages.性能优化所有的虚拟仪器的应用程序实行选取在编译速度下的最佳性能。在虚拟仪器专业开发系统或者应用程序生成器的应用条件下，可以为你的安全分配代码程序创建独立的执行源件或 dlls。你甚至可以创建库或者从其他编程代码语言中调用虚拟仪器代码程序的 dlls。Open Development Environment With the open development environment of
9、Labview ,you can connect to other applications through ActiveX, the Web, DLLs ,shared libraries, SQL (for databases),Datasocket, TCP/IP, and numerous other protocols. Use Labview to quickly create networked measurement and automation systems that integrate the latest technologies in Web publishing a
10、nd remote data sharing. Labview also has driver libraries available for plug-in data acquisition, signal conditioning, GPIB, VXI,PXI,computer-based instruments, serial protocols, image acquisition, and motion control . In addition to the Labview devevopment systems , National Instruments offers a va
11、riety of add-on modules and toolsets that extend the functionality of Labview .This enable you to quickly build customizable , robust measurement and automation systems.开放开发环境在虚拟仪器的开放的开发环境条件下，你可以连接到通过ActiveX，Web ，DLLs，共享文件库，SQL（数据库），Datasocket，TCP/IP 和许多其他的协议的应用程序中。使用虚拟仪器可以快速创建网络化计量和集成了在网络上发布和远程数据共享
12、的最新科技的自动化系统。虚拟仪器当然也可用于插卡式数据采集、信号调理、GPIB、VXI、PXI、基于计算机的器材、串行协议、图像收集和运动控制的驱动软件库。Labview Data logging and Supervisory Control Module For high channel count and distributed applications , the Labview Data logging and Supervisory Control Module provides a complete solution .This module delivers I/O manag
13、ement ,event logging and alarm management, distributed logging , historical and real-time trending, built-in security , configurable networking features , OPC device connectivity , and over 3,300built-in graphics.虚拟虚拟仪器数据记录和监控模块对于高通道数和分布式应用程序，虚拟仪器数据记录和监控模块提供了一个完美的解决方法。此模块实现了对输入输出地管理、事件记录和报警管理、分布式记录、
14、历史和实时数据分析、内嵌安全、配置网络功能、OPC 装置连接、和超 3300 内嵌图形的功能Labview Real-Time For applications that require real-time performance, National Instruments offers Labview Real-Time. Labview Real-Time downloads standard Labview code to a dedicated hardware target running a real-time operating system independent from w
15、indows.实时虚拟仪器对于需要实时性能的应用程序，国家仪器提供提供给了虚拟仪器一种实时的功能。实时虚拟仪器从 windows 的独立实时操作系统中下载了标准的虚拟仪器代码程序到专用的硬件目标中。Labview Vision Development ModuleThe Labview vision Development Module is scientists, automation engineers, and technicians who are developing Labview machine vision and scientific imaging applications
16、 .The Labview Vision Development Module includes IMAQ Vision, a library of vision functions , and IMAQ Vision Builder , an interactive environment for vision functions .Unlike any other vision products ,IMAQ Vision Builder and IMAQ Vision work together to simplify vision software development so that
17、 you can apply vision to your measurement and automation applications.虚拟仪器的视觉开发模块虚拟仪器视觉开发模块是那些正在被科学家、自动化工程师和专业技术人员所开发的虚拟仪器视觉和科学图像调理的应用程序。虚拟仪器视觉窗口模块包括具有视觉功能库的 IMAQ 视觉模块、IMAQ 窗口视觉生成器和视觉功能的交互环境。与其他视觉产品不同的是 IMAQ 视觉生成器和 IMAQ 视觉一起工作使得视觉软件开发环境变得简化，因此你可以将视觉应用到测量和自动化应用程序代码中去。Countless ApplicationsLabview app
18、lications are implemented in many industries worldwide including automotive , telecommunications , aerospace , semiconductor , electronic design and production ,process control , biomedical , and many others. Applications cover all phases of product development from research to production and to ser
19、vice. By leveraging Labview throughout your organization you can save time and money by sharing information and software .普遍应用虚拟仪器应用程序在全球的很多行业包括汽车、通讯、航空航天、半导体、电子设计和生产、过程控制、生物医学以及许多其他行业。应用覆盖产品开发的各个阶段，从研发到生产和服务领域。通过对虚拟仪器的应用在你的组织中你可以利用信息共享和软件共享来节省时间和金钱。Test and Measurement Labview has become an industr
20、y-standard development tool for test and measurement applications. With Test Stand Labview-based test programs, and the industrys largest instrument driver library ,you have a single ,consistent development and execution environment for your entire system.测试和测量对于测试和测量应用程序而言，虚拟仪器已经成为一种行业标准化的开发工具。通过基于
21、测试标准的虚拟仪器的测试程序以及这个行业最大的仪器驱动程序库，你为你的整个系统有一个单一的、统一的开发执行操作环境。Process Control and Factory Automation Labview is used in numerous process control and factory automation applications. Many scientists and engineers look to Labview for the high speed, high channel count measurement and control that graphica
22、l programming offers. For large, complex industrial automation and control applications, the Labview Data logging and supervisory control Module provides the same graphical programming as Labview , but is designed specifically for monitoring large numbers of I/O points, communicating with industrial
23、 controllers and networks , and providing PC-based control .过程控制及工厂自动化虚拟仪器已经应用到许多过程控制和工厂自动化应用程序中了。许多科学家和工程师期望高速度、高通道数高的测量和提供图像编程的控制的虚拟仪器。对于大型、复杂的工业自动化和控制应用中，虚拟仪器的数据记录和监控模块提供了相同的图形界面编程来作为虚拟仪器，但是是专门设计成用于监控大量的输入输出点，沟通与工业控制器和网络以及提供基于 PC 的控制。Machine Monitoring and Control Labview is ideal for machine mon
24、itoring and predictive maintenance applications that need deterministic control , vibration analysis , vision and image processing , and motion control . With the Labview plateform of products including Labview Real-Time for real-time deterministic control and engineers can create powerful machine m
25、onitoring and control applications quickly and accurately.仪器检测和控制对于理想的对机器的监测和预测维护应用程序需要确定控制、振动分析、视觉、图像处理,和运动控制而言，虚拟仪器是理想的。针对虚拟仪器平台的产品包括虚拟仪器实时确定实时控制和工程师能够快速准确地建立强大的仪器监视和控制应用程序软件。Research and AnalysisThe integrated Labview measurement analysis library provides everything you need in an analysis packag
26、e. Scientists and researchers have used Labview to analyze and computer real results for biomedical, aerospace, and energy research applications, and in numerous other industries. The available signal generation and processing , digital filtering windowing , curve-fitting , For specialized analysis
27、,such as joint time-frequency analysis , wavelets , and model-based spectral analysis , Labview offers the specially designed Signal Processing Toolset . The Sound and vibration Toolset offers octave analysis, averaged and nonaveraged frequency analysis, transient analysis, weighted filtering , and
28、sound-level measurement , and more.研究和分析这个集成的虚拟仪器测量分析库提供了在一个分析包中你所需要的任何资料。科学家和研发人员已经使用虚拟仪器去分析和计算生物医学、航空航天、和能源研发应用以及在其他各领域行业的真实结果。现有的信号的生成和处理、数字滤波窗口值，和跌配曲线，对于专业分析，如联合时频分析,并基于模型、小波频谱分析，虚拟仪器仪器提供了特殊设计的信号处理工具的总和。这声音和振动工具的总和提供了八度分析，平均的和非均匀的频率分析，瞬态分析，加权滤波，和音平测量以及其他。Draw Your Own SolutionWith Labview , you
29、build graphical programs called virtual instruments(VIs) instead of writing text-based programs. You quickly create front panel user interfaces that give you the interactive control of your system . To add functionality to the user interface, you intuitively assemble block diagrams-a natural design
30、notation for engineers and scientists. 构思自己的解决方案通过对虚拟仪器的使用，你创建了被称为虚拟仪器（VIs）而不是写文本程序的图形化程序。你快速地创建面板,给你的用户界面交互控制你的系统。为了去添加功能,用户界面,你直觉地装配框图一种使用于工程师和科学家的自然设计符号法。Creat the Front Panel On the front of your VI , you place the control and data displays for your system by selecting objects from the controls
31、palette , such as numeric display , meters , gauges , LEDs , charts , and graphs . When you complete and run your VI , you use the front panel to control your system whether you move a slide , zoom in on a graph , or enter a value with the keyboard.创建前面板在你的虚拟仪器界面的前面板上，你通过选择从控制对象调色板,比如数字显示,仪表,仪表、指示灯、
32、图表和图形来放置控件和数据显示为你的系统。当你完成并运行你的虚拟仪器时你通过操作这前面板去控制你的系统是否移动了一张放大的图片或者用键盘输入了值。Construct the Graphical Block Diagram To program the VI , you construct the block diagram without worrying about the syntactical details of text-based programming languages . You do this by selecting objects (icons) from the Fu
33、nctions palette and connecting them together with wires to transfer data among block diagram objects .These objects include simple arithmetic functions, advanced acquisition and analysis routines, network and file I/O operations , and more .构建图形框图在虚拟仪器框图上编程你构建框图,不用担心它的基于文本的编程语言的句法细节。你通过从功能控制面板和连接在一起
34、的导线之间传输数据框图的对象来选择对象(图标)而完成构建框图。这些对象包括简单的运算功能,先进的采集和分析程序、网络和文件 I / O 操作等等。Dataflow Programming Labview uses a patented dataflow programming model that frees you from the linear architecture of text-based programming languages. Because the execution order in Labview is determined by the flow of data b
35、etween nodes , and not by sequential lines of text , you can create block diagrams that execute multiple operations in parallel . consequently, Labview is a multitasking system capable of running multiple execution threads and multiple VIs in parallel . 数据流编程虚拟仪器使用一种专利数据流规划模型来释放你的基于文本的编程语言的线性结构。由于执行
36、命令的数据是由节点之间的数据流,而不是按序贯行文本，你可以创建执行并行多重操作的框图。因此虚拟仪器是一种在并行方式下有能力执行多重执行线程和多重虚拟仪器可见的多重任务系统。Modularity and HierarchyLabview VIs are modular in design, so any VI can by itself or as part of another VI. You can even create icons for your own VIs , so you can design a hierarchy of VIs and subVIs that serve a
37、s application building blocks . You can modify, interchange , and combine them with other VIs to meet your changing application needs .模块化和层次结构虚拟仪器可见化是一种模块化设计，因此一些虚拟仪器可见可以是虚拟仪器本身或者作为虚拟仪器的其中一部分。所以你可以设计 VIs 和 subVIs 的层次来作为应用程序构造模块。你可以修改、互换、和其他 VIs 结合来满足你不断改变的应用程序的需要。Graphical Compiler In many applicat
38、ions, execution speed is critical. Labview is the only graphical programming system with a compiler that generates optimized code with execution speeds comparable to compiled programs. You can even use the Labview profiler to analyze and optimize time-critical operations. Consequently , you increase
39、 your productivity with graphical programming without sacrificing execution speed .图形编辑器在许多应用程序软件中，执行速度是很重要的。虚拟仪器是唯一的一个产生其优化速度可比得上编程程序的编译器的图形化编程系统。你甚至可以运用虚拟仪器分析器去分析和优化时间至上的操作。结果，你在没有以牺牲运行速度的图形化编程的前提下提高了你的运行效率。Measurements and MathematicsLabview includes a variety of other measurement analysis tools.
40、 Examples include curve fitting , signal generation , peak detection , and probability and statistics .Measurement analysis functions can determine signal characteristics such as DC/RMS levels , total harmonic distortion(THD) , impulse response , frequency response , and cross-power spectrum . Labvi
41、ew users can also deploy numerical tools for solving differential equations, optimization, root finding, and other mathematical problem . In addition, you can extend these built-in capabilities by entering Matlab or HIQ scripts directly in your Labview programs.For charting and graphing, you can rel
42、y on the built-in Labview 2Dand 3D visualization tools. 2D tools include features such as autoscaling X and Y ranges, reconfigurable attributes (point/line styles, colors , and more) and cursors. Microsoft Windows users can employ OpenGL-based 3D graphs and then dynamically rotate , zoom , and pan t
43、hese graphs with the mouse . 测量与数学虚拟仪器包含了许多其他的测量分析工具。例子包括曲线拟合信号的生成、峰值检测,概率和统计测量分析功能可以确定信号的特点，例如 DC/RMS 水平，总谐波失真（THD），脉冲响应，频率响应，互功率谱。虚拟仪器的用户也可以部署数值工具,优化,解决微分方程根的发现,和其他的相关的数学问题。另外你也可以在你的虚拟仪器程序中通过直接进入 Matlab 后者 HIQ 原稿来延长这些内置的能力。为了制图和绘图，你可以依靠这内置的虚拟仪器 2D 和 3D 的可视化工具。2D 工具包含的特征功能有如自动缩放 X 和 Y 的范围、可重构属性(点、线
44、款式、色彩,以及更多)和游标。Microsoft Windows 用户能够使用基于OpenGL 的 3D 图形，然后动态缩放、旋转、和用鼠标移动这些图。Complex Measurements Made Easy Despite the complexity of the underlying algorithms that implement these functions, you will find them easy to use. For example , a set of built in measurement functions uses the new waveform d
45、ata type to accept real world , time domain signal inputs directly from DAQ hardware and report results ready for charting , graphing , or the next stage of signal processing . 复杂测量的简化尽管实现这些基本功能算法的复杂性，你会发现它们是易于使用的。例如,一组的内部测量功能函数采用新的波形数据类型去接受直接从实际、时域信号输入和从准备图表、图形，或下一阶段的信号处理的数据收集硬件和报告结果。Development Sy
46、stemThe Labview professional Development System facilitates the development of highend, sophisticated instrumentation systems for developers working in teams, users developing large suites of VIs, or programmers needing to adhere to stringent quality standards. Built on the Full Development System,
47、the professional Development System also includes the Labview Application Builder for building standalone executables and shared libraries (DLLs) and creating distribution kits. In addition, the development system furnishes sources code control tools and offers utilities for quantitatively measuring
48、 the complexity of your applications. With graphical differencing, you can quickly identify both cosmetic and functional between two Labview applications. We include programming standards and style guides that provide direction for consistent Labview programming methodology. The system also contains
49、 quality standards documents that discuss the steps Labview users must follow to meet internal regulations or other strict quality standards such as ISO 9000 certification or FDA approval. The professional Development System operates on Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x, Mac OS, Sun, HP- UX, and Linux.开发系统虚拟仪专业开发系统致力于促进高端，精密仪器系统的研发人员在团队中工作,用户开发大型的 VIs 的程序组,或者程序员需要坚持严格的质量标准的发展。在建立来的适量测量你的应用程序的复杂度。在高分辨率的图形下,那么你就能在两个虚拟仪器的应用程序中迅速识别装饰和功能。我们包括编程标准和提供方向统一的编程方法的风格指南。该系统还包含虚拟仪器用户必须遵循讨论以满足内部条例的步骤的质量标准文件或其他严格的质量标准，例如ISO9000 认证或者 FDA 的批准。这些专业开发系统是在 Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x,，Mac OS,，Sun， HP- UX 和
