1、1拖拉机(tractor)配件用语第一部分工具 tool1. screw driver 改锥 cross point screw driver 十字改锥 2. double end spanner 双头呆板手 spanner 扳手 inner hexagon wrench 内六角扳手 box spanner 套筒 3. pinchers 鉗子 pliers 夹钳 slip joint pliers 鲤鱼钳4. edge file 刃用锉刀 nose angle 刀角 file 锉刀5. hammer 锤 metal saw 金属用鋸 plug 柱塞头 6. square 直角尺 rule 尺子
2、 compass 圆规 7. tool post 刀架 knife 刀 8. fork lifter 叉车 oil gun 油枪 jack 千斤頂 kit 工具箱 油和水 oil and water 机油 oil 柴油、燃油 fuel oil 黄油 lubrication grease 水 water 气体 air 电 electricity 压力 pressure 单位 unit 牛顿 newton 升 liter 瓦特 w 小时 hour 分钟 min 秒 second 米 m 伏 voltage 度 degree 公里（千米）km kilometer 帕 pa 千克（公斤） kg kil
3、ogram 请把那个十字改锥递给我.please hand me that cross-point screwdriver.王师傅用 18 号的套筒卸下了那个螺栓.mr. wang removes bolt with box spanner 18.他应该先用锉把铁板打磨平了再使用.2he should burnish the iron plate with file then use it.这个部件用鲤鱼钳是安装不上的.slip joint pliers cant fix the part.你猜班长那里会有这种扳手吗?can you guess our monitor has the span
4、ner?小李每天都用这把油枪润滑轴承. mr. li lubricates bearings with this oil gun.第二部分拖拉机技术参数 technical parameters 1. 发动机 engine 机型 model 发动机牌子和气缸数 brand and cylinder 油箱容量 capacity of fuel tank 额定功率 rated power 额定时速 rated speed 动力输出 pto 最大牵引力 max. towing force 油泵 oil pump 输出功率 output power 性能 performance 2. 变速箱 gear
5、box 种类 type 档位 gearshift 离合器 clutch 液压 hydraulic 3. 一般参数 general specification轴距 wheelbase 前轮距 front track 后轮距 rear track 间隙 clearance 转弯半径 turning radius 配重 ballast 方向盘 steering 制动和控制 brake and control 4. 装置和工具 device and implement 犁 plough 铲 hoe 割草机 straw cutter 拖车 farm trailer 耙 harrow seeder听说潍柴
6、的发动机性能还不错。i hare that weichai engine performance is quite well.这台柴油机的额定功率是this diesel engines rated power is 120kw.有六个气缸。there are 6 cylinders. 变速箱里有好多齿轮和轴承。3there are many gears and shafts.一般情况下后轮距布前轮距大。generally, rear track is bigger than front track.80 拖拉机的转弯半径是 3600mm-4000mm。turning radius of 80
7、tractor is 3600mm-4000mm.这台拖拉机能安装割草机。the tractor can be fitted with straw cutter.第三部分拖拉机标准件 standard parts1. 螺栓 bolt (没有螺丝的也可以, 门叉 ) 螺纹 thread 平垫圈 plain washer 螺母 nut 限位螺钉 dowel screw 限位螺栓 check bolt 六头角螺栓 hexagon head bolt 调整螺钉 adjusting screw 调节螺杆 adjusting threaded rod 螺栓 螺塞 screw plug 双头螺柱 doubl
8、e end stud 圆螺母 round nut 空心螺栓 hollow bolt 2. 开口销 pin 圆柱销 parallel pin 销轴 clevis pin with head 摆销 swing pin 定位销 dowel pin 牵引销 hitch pin 弹簧锁销 spring locking pin 弹性锁销 elastic locking pin 联锁销 snap pin 互锁销 mutual interlocked pin 滚针 needle roller3. 橡胶垫快橡胶塞 rubber plug 垫圈垫片 washer 4衬套 bush 橡胶垫 rubber mattr
9、ess 油封 oil sealing 垫环 cushion ring 调整 adjusting washer 锁片 locking washer o 形密封圈 o-seal ring 油封环 oil seal ring 止推垫圈 thrust washer 塞片 shim 垫 gasket 弹簧垫片 single coil spring lock washer4. 弹簧 spring 蝶形弹簧 disk spring 扭簧 torsion spring5. 限位座 gag seat 固定座 fix seat6. 夹子 clip 7. 接头 joint 主销球铰副 ball articulati
10、on8. 油杯 oil cup 装配时请不要浪费标准件。while installing, please do not waste standard parts.小张，我这儿的螺母没有了，请你抓紧给我送来一些。mr. zhang, there is no nuts. please give me some of them.空心螺栓容易坏。hollow bolt tends to be broken.拉簧断了。the spring is cut-off.那个开口销还能用吗？can that pin be used again?漏油了，应该换一个新的油封。there is oil leakage.
11、 we should change the old oil sealing with a new one.圆柱销安装得方向是错误的。the installing direction of parallel pin is wrong.第四部分拖拉机部件 tractor parts1. 空气滤清器 air filter 烟囱 chimney 52. 冷却系总成 cooling system assembly 散热器 radiator 拉杆焊合 rod weldment 胶管 water hose 3. 发动机纵机构总成 control mechanism assembly of the engin
12、e 油门支架 throttle bracket 手油门拉线支架 bracket for hand throttle wire 脚油门拉线支架 bracket for foot throttle wire 脚踏板 foot petal 4. 离合器总成 clutch assembly 摩擦片 wearing plate 主动轮 driving wheel 从动轮 driven wheel 盖 cover 分离杠杆 release rod 座 housingseat 轴承座 bearing housing 拨叉 shifting fork 主离合器 main clutch 副离合器 auxilia
13、ry clutch 衬套 bush 副离合摇臂轴焊合 rocker shaft weldment auxiliary clutch 限位座 gag seat5. 排气系统总成 exhaust tube assembly 消声器 muffler 排气管 exhaust pipe 空气滤清器脏了,我们应该清洗一下它.the air filter is dirty. we should clean it.离合器里面有分离杠杆.release lever is in the clutch.摩擦片是固定在盘上的.friction is fixed on the plate.排气系统是由消声器和排气管组成
14、的.exhaust system is composed of muffler and exhaust pipe. 散热器里全是水.radiator is full of water.6. 蓄电池支架总成 battery mounting bracket assembly 7. 前桥总成 front axle assembly 转向油缸 steering hydraulic cylinder 滚动轴承 rolling bearing 轴承盖 bearing cover 前轮毂 front hub 6副套管焊接总成 auxiliary sleeve welding assembly 锥传动支座瓦
15、盖 shell, bevel gear driving support 万向传动轴 universal driving shaft 前驱动桥壳体 front driving axle case 调整垫片 adjusting shim 辐板 web 调整螺母锁 locking piece, adjusting nut差速器 differential 行星齿轮 planet pinion gear 行星架 planet carrier 太阳轮 sun gear 花键 spline 8. 导向轮总成 steering wheel assembly 外胎 cover tire 内胎 inner tub
16、e 轮辋 rim 9. 变速箱 gear box 输入轴 input shaft 油封 oil sealing 动力输出 pto 啮合套 engaging sleeve 啮合齿座 gear seat 中间轴端盖 middle shaft cover 滚动轴承 rolling bearing 接合套 union cup 变速操纵手柄 gearshift lever 变速杆 gearshift lever 油标尺 oil dipstick I- ii 档拨叉轴 shift fork for 1st and 2nd gear II- 倒档拨叉 shift fork, reverse III- 副变速
17、拨叉 shift rod, auxiliary gearshift 变速箱壳体 gearbox case 10后桥总成 rear axle assembly行星齿轮 planet gear 锁片 locking washer 半轴齿轮 semi axle gear 后桥箱体 rear axle housing 差速锁 differential 差速锁操纵杆 differential control lever 差速锁拨叉 differential fork 差速锁啮合套 meshing sleeve, differential 箱盖 box cover 7差速锁位于桥的中间位置.differe
18、ntial is in the middle of axle.转向油缸里有压力油.there is pressure oil in the steering cylinder.变速箱是拖拉机的传动模块.gearbox is the transmission module of tractor.所有的档位变换是在变速箱里实现完成的.all gearshifts are realized in the gearbox.前后桥上都安装了制动机构.front axle and rear axle are equipped with brake installation.后桥比前桥的结构复杂.struc
19、ture of rear axle is more complex than that of front axle.11. 最终传动总成 final transmission assembly 半轴壳 housing of semi axle 滚动轴承 rolling bearing 行星架 planet carrier 最终传动齿圈 ring gear of final transmission 驱动轴焊合件 driving wheel shaft weldment 12. 全液压转向总成 转向盘 steering 座 喇叭电刷 seat, horn brush 转向管柱 steering
20、column 软管 hose 回油管 return oil pipe 恒流泵 constant overflow pump支架 bracket 13. 动力输出总成 pto assembly 轴承盖 bearing cover 轴承座 bearing housing 双联齿轮 twin gear 操纵杆 control rod 动力输出轴 pto shaft 14. 分动箱总成 transfer case assembly 隔套 spacer bush 花键套 hub spline bush 外内护套焊合 outerinner guard bush weldment 中间传动轴 middle
21、transmission shaft15. 制动系统总成 brake system assembly 手柄 handle 手操纵杆 hand control rod 制动器缸体 brake cylinder block 活塞 piston 8摩擦片 friction 阀体 valve 制动泵 brake pump 进油，出油 inlet, outlet 钢球 steel ball 踏板 pedal 空气压缩机 air compressor 行星齿轮安装在行星架里面.planet gear is installed in the planet carrier.方向盘位于驾驶室的中间靠前方.ste
22、ering is in front middle of a cab.转向系统里有个恒流泵.steering system include constant overflow pump. 动力输出简称 pto.power take off is short for pto.前桥的动力是由分动箱从变速箱里传出来的.transfer case transports power from gearbox to front axle.制动是通过司机踩脚踏板来实现的.brake function can realize by driver treating pedal.16. 司机座位总成 drivers
23、 seat assembly 17. 驾驶室总成 drivers cab assembly 顶盖 cab roof 窗户 window 镜子 mirror 玻璃 glass 车门 door 气弹簧 pneumatic spring 底座 base rest 仪表板 panel 脚蹬 foot lever 18. 发动机罩总成 bonnet assembly 加油口 oil filling hole 机罩板 plate 机罩拉手 handle of bonnet 罩上支架 upper bracket 机罩前板 front bonnet plate19. 电气系统总成 electrical sys
24、tem assembly 组合仪表 combination instrument 点火锁 ignition lock 线束 wire 报警器 alarm 9表 meter 传感器 sensor 电池 battery 喇叭 horn 空调 air conditioner 风扇 fan 灯 lamplight 继电器 relay 保险丝 fuse 20. 提升器总成 lifter assembly 压板 pressure plate 举臂 lifting arm 呼吸器滤芯 breather element 安全阀 safety valve td80 拖拉机的座位很舒适.drivers seat
25、of td 80 tractor is very comfortable.驾驶室里也相当豪华.cab is also quite luxury.出口的拖拉机驾驶室一般是红色的.generally, tractor cab for export is red.司机应该小心使用驾驶室里的各种开关.driver should use all switches in cab carefully. 气弹簧的弹力很大.pneumatic spring has strong elasticity.安装仪表台并不是一件很容易的工作.it is not easy to install the instrumen
26、t.驾驶拖拉机时要及时检查仪表盘上的各个指针.while driving tractors, please check all fingers on instrument in time.21. 悬挂机构总成 suspension mechanism assembly 分配器总成 distributor assembly 油泵油管和滤油器总成 oil pumppipe filter assembly 多路阀油泵 multi-way valve oil pump悬挂机构上可以安装工作装置.suspension mechanism can be equipped working device. 第
27、五部分10拖拉机故障排除 troubleshooting 一、常用词语 useful expressions装配 install 维修 repair 更换 replace 检查 check 判断 judge 拆装 detach 试验 try 发动 start 熄火 extinguish 停止 stop 开关 switch turn onoff 前进 forward 倒车 reverse 分析 analyze 加油 fill oil 加水 refill water 拧紧 tighten 松动 loosen 上螺丝 put on and tighten 卸螺丝 loosen 举起 lift 放下 put down 堵住 be blocked 生锈 rustiness 没有气压 no pressure 清洗 clean 调整 adjust故障 trouble problem 问题 defective problem 漏油 oil leakage 挂不上挡 cant put on the gear 毛病 have something wrong 短路 short circuit 断路 circuit be cut off 坏了 broken 断了 cut down 脏了 dirty二，拖拉机维护和故障排除
