1、2012 年秋经济学原理 02 班第一次作业1经济学原理第一次作业学号 院系 姓名 成绩1. Economic choice and competitive behavior are the result of a. basic human greed. b. poverty.c. private ownership of resources. d. scarcity.2. Adam Smith argues in the Wealth of Nations that an economy will produce more goods and services ifa. people act
2、 in the public interest than if they act selfishly.b. people act selfishly, than if the government directs economic activity.c. the government controls the use of the nations scarce resources.d. people ignore their own interests and contribute to national wealth as a whole.3. Which one of the follow
3、ing is a positive economic statement? a. An increase in the minimum wage will reduce employment.b. The minimum wage should be raised to reduce poverty.c. Social conscience demands that we increase the minimum wage.d. Thoughtful people oppose an increase in the minimum wage.4. The cost to Air China o
4、f letting its employees fly at no chargea. is zero.b. will depend on the value employees place upon travel.c. is greater during the Spring Festival than at most other times.d. depends on the alternatives open to the employees.5. Suppose you are considering going to the movies, and you place a RMB12
5、value on your anticipated enjoyment of the movie. The ticket price is RMB 6 and you would be giving up two hours of work, where you earn RMB5 per hour. You would go toa. work; the total cost of the movies exceeds the expected benefit.b. the movies; your incentive is the RMB6 excess expected benefit.
6、c. the movies; your enjoyment will exceed the lost wages by RMB2.d. the movies; the benefit of RMB18 exceeds the lost wages.6. Which of the following would most likely increase the demand for peanut butter? a. a decrease in the price of bread, a good that is often used with peanut butterb. a discove
7、ry that the average daily consumption of peanut butter decreases ones life span by 15 yearsc. crop failures that raise the price of peanutsd. a decrease in the price of all substitute protein products7. If an economy is operating at a point just on the production possibilities curve, a. its resource
8、s are being wasted.b. the curve will begin to shift inward.c. the curve will begin to shift outward.d. the society is making full use of its resources.2012 年秋经济学原理 02 班第一次作业2Figure 018. Which of the following would most likely cause the production possibilities curve for breadfruit and fish to shift
9、 from AA to BB in the above figure (Figure 01)? a. an increase in the labor forceb. choosing more fish and less breadfruitc. choosing more breadfruit and fewer fishd. a decrease in the capital stock9. When a price ceiling is below the equilibrium price, a. quantity demanded will exceed quantity supp
10、lied.b. quantity supplied will exceed quantity demanded.c. the market will be in equilibrium.d. This is a trick question because price floors generally exist below the equilibrium price.10. The price of chicken increases as the result of higher pork prices. This indicates that a. chicken and pork ar
11、e substitutes.b. chicken and pork are complements.c. the market demand for pork is inelastic.d. the market demand for chicken is elastic.11. The demand schedule for a good a. indicates the market price of the good.b. indicates the quantities of the good that people will buy at various prices, whenev
12、er those prices prevail in the market.c. illustrates the quantity producers will provide at alternative prices.d. is determined primarily by the cost of producing the good.12. When the price of LV bag rise, more people tend to buy it. Which of the following is correct:a. The law of demand doesnt wor
13、k for luxury goods.b. The law of demand still holds because people have expectations that the price will rise in the future. c. The law of demand still holds because peoples preference for LV bags change as more people buy them.d. The law of demand still holds because peoples income change.13. Which
14、 of the following would most likely cause the demand for Coca to increase? a. a decrease in consumer income;2012 年秋经济学原理 02 班第一次作业3b. an increase in the price of Pepsic. A scandal that Coca causes cancer;d. a reduction in the price of sugar, which is used to make Coca by the firm.14. An increase in
15、the number of tomato producers willa. increase market supply because the price of tomatoes will rise.b. increase market supply because market demand will increase.c. increase market supply because market supply is the horizontal summation of all curves.d. increase market demand but leave market supp
16、ly unchanged.15. Which of the following implies that housing prices will rise? a. People expect housing prices will continue to rise in the future.b. Peoples income decrease.c. The government relaxes regulations on land use so that price of land decreases.d. Technology of building houses improve.16.
17、 Use the table below to choose the correct answer. The table is a schedule of the supply and demand for coffee.Quantity Demanded Quantity SuppliedPrice per Pound (monthly) (monthly)$0.50 16 0$1.00 10 1$2.00 7 2$4.00 5 2$6.00 3 3$8.00 1 4$10.00 0 5The equilibrium market price of coffee would be a. $2
18、 per pound. b. $4 per pound.c. $6 per pound. d. $8 per pound.17. Which of the following is a factor held constant when deriving a supply curve for pork? a. the price of pig.b. the price of pork.c. the wages of workers who raise pigs.d. both a and c are hold constant.18. Consider a market in equilibr
19、ium. Firms who advertise in this market are attempting to shift thea. supply curve to the right.b. supply curve to the left.c. demand curve to the left.d. demand curve to the right.19. Which of the following is most likely to cause a shift in the supply curve to the right? a. The price of the produc
20、t increases.b. A hurricane destroys the materials used to produce the product.c. New technology reduces the cost of producing the product.d. Consumers expect the price of the product to be higher next year.20. Assuming there will be no shift in the supply or demand curve, what will bring the market
21、2012 年秋经济学原理 02 班第一次作业4into equilibrium if the demand for a product is too high relative to supply? Price will: a. rise, demand will fall, and supply will rise.b. rise, demand will rise, and supply will fall.c. fall, demand will fall, and supply will rise.d. fall, demand will rise, and supply will f
22、all.21. With respect to resource and product markets, an increase in the price of resource will: a. decrease the demand for the final good.b. increase the demand for the final good.c. decrease the supply for the final good.d. increase the supply for the final good.22. A tax on sales of a good, when
23、compared to the market equilibrium without the tax, will result ina_ price paid by buyers and a _ quantity traded.a. higher; lowerb. lower; lowerc. higher; higherd. lower; higher23. The price of good A rises and the demand for good B increases. Goods A and B are: a. cannot be determined.b. substitut
24、es.c. complements.d. inferior goods.24. When weather conditions are good in some year, farmers may not necessarily be happy because: a. the government usually imposes taxes in this case .b. the demand elasticity for agricultural good is low.c. the supply elasticity for agricultural good is high.d. t
25、oo few crops will be harvested.25. Compared to sellers, consumers will pay more of the burden of a tax if: a. demand is more elastic than supply.b. supply is more elastic than demand.c. the tax is higher.d. the tax is lower.26. If the demand for Apple cellphone decrease as peoples income rise, this
26、means :a. Apple is a luxury good.b. Apple is a necessityc. Apple is an inferior good.d. Apple is a normal good.27. Suppose that the elasticity of supply of lawn mowers is 1.5. If the price of lawn mowers rises 5 percent, the quantity supplied of lawn mowers woulda. decline 7.5 percent.b. rise 7.5 pe
27、rcent.2012 年秋经济学原理 02 班第一次作业5c. rise 1.5 percent.d. rise 0.3 percent.28. An increase in supply will have the greatest effect on price when the products demand curve is: a. elastic.b. inelastic.c. perfectly elastic.d. unitary elastic.29.Consider the demand curve . If price is 2, the elasticity of dem
28、and is: 10dQPa. -1b. -2c. -0.5d. -0.0530. When a market is highly competitive, it means :a. price elasticity is low b. price elasticity is highc. price elasticity doesnt changed. level of competition does not have anything to do with elasticity.Answer Sheet :1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.13.
29、14. 15. 16. 17. 18.19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.61、经济学中的重要原理之一是理性人要对激励做出反映，请结合老师上课所讲内容和自己的亲身经历，各举一个有关激励可以产生正向作用和负向作用的例子。2、下面是可能的PIZZA与COLA的组合情况，根据表格，画出生产可能性曲线，判断它是成本递增、成本递减还是成本不变的情况。POSSIBLE COMBINATION PIZZA COLAA 0 15B 1 14C 2 12D 3 9E 4 5F 5 03、设想一家出售小块 PIZZA 的餐厅，假设 PIZZA 的价格是由市场
30、力量决定的。7a. 利用右表中的数据，画出需求和供给曲线。b. PIZZA 的均衡价格和数量是多少？c. 试找出存在超额需求的价格和存在超额供给的价格，并标在图上。4、假设联想公司通过调查发现对其销售的笔记本电脑的需求曲线的方程是 ，120dQp供给曲线的方程是： ，其中 是需求量， 是供给量， 是价格。计算302sQpdQs笔记本电脑市场的均衡价格和均衡数量。每块PIZZA的价格（单位：元）需求（块）供给（块）1 42 02 21 103 14 144 10 165 8.5 1785、假设对小麦（单位：吨）的需求和供给曲线如下：和 。204dQp106spA. 计算小麦的均衡价格和均衡数量，并作图表示。B. 为了保证民生，政府规定小麦的最高限价为50元。现在小麦的成交量是多少？最高限价的措施使小麦的实际消费量发生了怎样的变化？ C. 在B问的前提下，假设社会中存在黑市可以任意倒卖小麦，请问这时小麦在黑市中的价格会是多少？倒卖小麦的人在黑市中每卖出一吨小麦可以获利多少？6、假设香烟市场的供给与需求方程为： 和 。2sQp30dpa. 求解香烟市场的均衡价格和均衡数量。b. 假设对消费者征税 T，因此新的需求方程是： 。求解新的均衡。dT买者支付的价格，卖者得到的价格和销售量会发生什么变动？c. 请画图分析税收如何影响了消费者剩余、生产者剩余。社会的总福利增加还是减少了？6
