1、第一模块语法：一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year,month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首；用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。二、一般过去时：概念：过去
2、某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year,night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, longlong ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。三、现在进
3、行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首。四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：at this time yesterday, at thattime 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑问句：把 was 或 we
4、re 放于句首。五、现在完成时：（略，后面复习）六、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a fewminutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：be 放于句首；will/shall 提到句首。translate into 把翻译成 t
5、ranslation 翻译（名词）the number of 的数字 a number of =numbers of = many 许多write down 写下，记下 write it down , write down your mistakeselse 其他 what else 还有其他的 , anything else 其他的一些， sombody elses books 其他人的书newspaper 报纸（可数）in the newspaper , on paper .each 各个，每个 each of us likes running . eachother 互相enjoy yo
6、urself (myself , yoursef, herself , himself , itself ,yourselves , ourselves , themselves)=have a good timea piece of 一张（片，块，件，则） all the time 总是，一直borrow 借（入） lend 借（出） keep 借（保持）why dont you = why not you 为什么你不 in class 在课堂上next to 靠近，旁边 should 应该（情态动词）Its +adi.+ to do sth. 做某事怎么样。 Its interesting
7、 tosee English movies.How about = what about (后加名词) How about doingsome shopping?try not to do sth.尝试不要做 helpsb. with sth.= help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人某事ask for 请求 ask sb. for sth.向某人请求某事enjoy doing = like doing 喜欢做某事 speakto (with) sb. 和某人说话take a deep breath 做个深呼吸 quickly 动作迅速地，敏捷地 We get up quickly
8、in the morning. fast 速度快 He can ranfast. leave 离开 leave Beijing 与 leave for Beijing 离开北京与去北京。 I left my homework athome.忘记 look for 寻找make friends 交朋友 invite sb. to 邀请某人 invitation 邀请（名词，不可）in the order 按顺序 parctie doing 练习做 say hello / goodbye tosb.向某人问好/说再见 learn from 向 学习remember/forget to do sth
9、. 记住/忘记了做某事（事情还没做） remember/forget doing sth 记住/忘记做某事（事情已经做了） Remember to goto the post office afterschool.记着放学后去趟邮局。 Dont youremember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?makemistake 犯错误 adivce (名词) advise(动词)建议excellent= very good 出色的;杰出的; 优等的 hear from 收到某人来信第二模块语法：现在完成时 have(has) + done 表示“ 已经”、
10、“曾经”everHave you ever been to Shanghai? Yes, I have . /No, I havent ( No, never.)experience 经验（不可） ，经历（可） I know from experiencethat there will be rainy tomorrow.据我的经验，今天要下雨。 He had many interesting experiences while travelling inAfrica.他在非洲旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。kind 种类 all kinds ofanimals 各种动物 kind 仁慈的，和善的
11、Itskind of you to invite me to your party 你太好了邀请我参加你的晚会。 kind of 有点儿 ,有一些 Beihai Park is kind of quiet . 北海公园有点安静。come true 成为现实 abroad 在国外（副词） be abroad 在国外 go abroad 去国外 one day 某天 all over China 全中国more than = over 超过 sell out 卖光 be frome= come from 来自another 又（一）个，再一（个） （指三个以上） another apple ，an
12、other two applessend sb. sth.= send sth. to sb.送某人某物 travelaround the world 环游世界the price of 的价格 Whats the price of the book ?=How much the book ?take off 起飞；脱下 land 土地；着落 enter 进入，参加What do you reckon ?= What do you think ? 你是怎么认为的？exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋的 Are you excited about going to Beijing
13、? 你要去北京了，感到兴奋吗？ He told us anexciting story yesterday. 他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。其他类似的词，surprising/sruprised ；interesting/interestedgo to sleep 睡觉=go to bed be asleep 睡着的=fall insleepby plane 坐飞机take a plane =on aplane fly to sw.=go to sw. byplane 坐飞机到某地at the end 结束时 in the end 最终，终于 get up 站起来；起床beside ,
14、next to ,near 三个词都是 “在旁边，在附近，靠近“的意思：但是表示远近时候还是有区别的。从近到一般近到最近为到：NEAR BESIDE NEXT TOcook sth. for sb. 为某人做什么饭菜 =cook sb.sth. buy sth. for sb. =buy sb.sth.为某人买什么 problem（需要 solve 解决）的问题 question（需要 answer 回答的）问题yet （迄今）还，已经(用于否定句和疑问句中). Has the bell rung yet?- It has not rung yet.已经敲钟了吗? -还没有. Anne has
15、 already finished.安妮已经做完了how to do sth. 怎么样做某事 Can you tell me how tolearn English well?=Can you tell me how I can learn Englishwell?before 以前；在之前 （常用完成时） ago 以前（过去时） His parents died tenyearsago他父母十年前都去世了。 I have never been there before我以前从来没有去过那里 Inever saw him before我以前从未见过他。第三模块语法：现在完成时 刚刚、过、还（未
16、）、最近 just already yet recently时间状语 since forWhat are you up to ?= What are you doing?你在做什么？the latest news 最近的消息 severalmonths 几个月 not yet 还没有It take(for sb.) +时间+to do sth.（某人）做某事花了多少时间 Ittook me two hours to do my homework yesterday. (扩展) I spent two hours (in)doing my homeworkyesterday. I spent t
17、wo hours on my homeworkyesterday. The homework cost mytwo hours yesterday. spend 与 cost 与 pay 一样还可以表示“花钱”。have been to 与 have gone to havebeen to 是曾进去过某地方，但已经回到说话现场 have gone to 是在去某地的旅途中或去了某地还没回来。例： I havebeen to Guangzhou twice.(我去广州两次了，此时该人不再广州） He hasgone to guangzhou.(他去了广州，现在在广州或在去的途中）no one=n
18、obady 、 none 、nothing no one / nobody 常用来指人，作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式. none 可指人也可指物，作主语时，如和 of 连用指不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式；指可数名词时，谓语动词用单、复数均可。nothing常用来指物，作主语时谓语动词也要用单数形式； No one likes a person with badhabbits. None of them has /have seen me before. Nothing isdifficult in the world if you put your heart intoit. none
19、可用来回答 How many / much？ 的特殊疑问句；而 no one / nobody 及 nothing 则分别用来回答 Who？ 和 What？ 的特殊疑问句。如： How many birds are there in thetree？ None. What is in the box？ Nothing. Who is in the classroom？ Noone / Nobody.take the space shuttle 乘坐宇宙飞船 show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.给某人看某物on bussiness 出差 millions of 几百万年（
20、hundreds of , thousands of , billion of ）theyre coming back this evening .= they will come back thisevening .某些动词的现在进行时可以表示将来时。如 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin,return 等等.go around the sun 围绕太阳转 也 also(句中)too(句末)either(否，疑句)are called =are named 被叫做(be 动词+行为动词过去分词) Lao Sheare called a language
21、 master in China.along 与 lonely 独自，孤独 along 是指独自一人，单独，它是副词 而 lonely 则是指孤独，寂寞，荒凉，它是形容词 along 多指表面上一个人的，lonely 是指心灵上的孤寂。she lives along,but she doesnt feellonely. 她一个人住，但是她不感到孤独。most of 大多数的 once 一次（twice 两次 three times 三次）discover 找到（未知） find 找到（已知） look for 寻找 look out 找出（真相）space station 太空站 come b
22、ack 回来 next year 明年 so far 到目前为止asas 和一样 Daming lears English as well(原形)asLingling .finish doing 做完某事 write tosb.写信给某人 write back 回信sothat太以至于 tooto太而不能 enough to 足够.而能做某事 通常来说，这三种句型可用于同义句转换，具体如下： too.to.=not 反义词 enough to =so.that 否定句 例：He is too young to go toschool. = He is not old enoughto go t
23、o school. = He is so young that he cant go toschool. must 与 have to 都有“必须、应该“的意思。但二者有区别： must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必须，have to 则侧重客观上的必须，可译为“不得不“。must 与 have to 经常可以互换使用。Imust/have to go to schoolnow.现在我必须上学了。 We must help eachother. Mysister is ill, my mother has to look after her. 注意 must 表示推断或猜测: Yoursiste
24、r must be a doctor in thishospital.（一定）你姐姐一定是这家医院的医生。 否定 dont have tohaventto 表示“不必“ mustnt 表示“禁止“be afraid todo 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth.害怕某样东西prefer 1 prefer to do/doing 喜欢做 2 prefer A to B 比起 B 更喜欢 A 3 prefer doingA to doing B 比起做 B 更喜欢做 A 4prefer to do A rather than B 比起做 B 更喜欢做 A第四模块现在完成时：从过去持续到现
25、在。 since (时间点) for (时间段) I havestayed in the hotel for aweek. I havestayed in the hotel since lastMonday. 并非有 for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。 I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer.上年夏天我在这个旅馆呆了一个星期。 I will stay in the hotel for a week next month.下个月我要在这旅馆呆一个星期。瞬间动词（点动词）与延续性动词 瞬间动词（点动词）表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，
26、不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。 He has died for three years. 可改为：He has been dead for threeyears. 将终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词举例：leavebe away, borrowkeep, buyhave,begin/startbe on, diebe dead, move tolive in, finishbe over,joinbe in/be a member of, catch a coldhave acold。小窍门：当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成
27、时中的误使。1) (对)Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to studyRussian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2) (错) Harryhas got married for six years. = Harry began to get married sixyears ago, and is still getting married now. 显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harrygot married six years ago.How soo
28、n 多久后（将来时） How long 多长 How often 多长时间一次 How soon will you go to school? Tenminuteslater. 你多久后要去上学啦?十分钟后. How long is the rope? About five miles. 这条绳索多长? 大概 5米. Howlong is the you holiday? Two months.你有多长的假期?两个月. How often do yougo to swim? Once a week.你多长时间去游一次泳呢?一个星期去一次.teach sb. sth. 教某要某事 Mr. Liu
29、teaches us English.head teacher 校长 hearabout/of 听到，听说 drop out of school 退学get on (well) with 与相处（融洽） Hegets on well with his new classmates.他和他的新同学们相处得很好take partin 与 join takepart in 是参加规模较小的团体，活动。I took part in a party lastnight.昨天晚上我参加了一个派对。join 也是参加，可是参加大是比较正式，大型的团体，活动。 I joined the Partylast y
30、ear.我去年参加了一个党派。付钱 pay，cost，spend I paid three dollars for a hamburger. 我花了三美圆去买个汉堡 The hamburgercost me three dollars .这个汉堡花了我三美元 I spent threedollars on ahamburger 我花了三美圆买了个汉堡 maybe 相当于 perhaps,放句首。probably 副词 Maybe shell come this afternoon. Perhaps shell come thisafternoon.她可能今天下午来。 It will proba
31、bly be finetomorrow明天大概会是晴天。 maybe 和 may be 可相互转换。 He may be inthe office. = Maybe he is in the office. 他或许在办公室。luck 幸运（名）lucky 幸运的（形）luckily 幸运地（副） I had a lot of luck in that exam. you are so lucky to pass theexam！ Luckily，I got to the station in time.health 健康（名词）healthy 健康的（形）Smoking is not good
32、 for yourhealth.吸烟对你的健康没有好处。 I likeeating heathy food .我喜欢吃健康的食物。到达 reach，arrive（小地方 at，大地方 in），get to 注意：与 here there home abroad 搭配的时候不能加介词，如 gethome. When did youarrive?你什么时候到达的？have some concerts =do some concerts 举行演唱会 in fact 事实上Speaking Chinese is very difficult .说汉语是非常困难的。（动名词作主语）He is an ei
33、ght-year-old boy.他是一个 8 岁的男孩。 He is eight years old .Heis a boy of eight years old. 他 8 岁。stop doing 与 stop to do When Mr.He came in clssroom , everyone stopped talking.当何老师走进教室，每个人停止了谈论。 When you are tired , you muststop to have a rest. 当你疲倦时，你必须停下来休息。with the help of 在的帮助下。 Wefinished the work wit
34、h the help of theteacher.我们在老师的帮助下完成了这个工作。一些 a few （可数） alittle(不可数) without 没有（后接名词）因为，由于 because 与 because of Shedoesnt go to school because she is ill.She doesnt go to schoolbecause of ill.她因为生病没有上学。high school 高中 primary school 小学 get aneducation 接受教育in the last 14 years 在过去的 15 年中 wear 穿着，戴着（pu
35、t on 穿上）Project Hope 希望工程 same 同样的 We are in the same class.我们在同一个班级。We do the same work as they（do） 我们和他们干同样的活第五模块反意疑问句：陈述句后加上一个简短问句。 She often has lunch at school, doesntshe? Youdont like sports, doyou? You cant do it, canyou? They are very late for the meeting, arentthey? They have known the matt
36、er, haventthey? 要注意的一些句子：It is impossible to learn English, isntit? She never tells a lie, does she? （这样的词语还有 little, few, never,hardly, seldom，no, nothing, nobody） Im as tallas your sister，arentI? Everything is ready, isnt it? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we? Let us wait for you inthe rea
37、ding-room, will you? Close the window, please, will you? There will not be any trouble, willthere? Mr Smith isnt American, is he ? yes, he is.(不，他是美国人) No, he isnt.(对，他不是美国人)。traditional 传统的(形) traditona 传统（名） on earth 究竟,在世界上 on the earth 在地球上 inthe earth 在地下die 死，去世（动） dead 死亡的（形） His mather died
38、in1985. His mather has benn dead for 10 years. maybe = perhaps 可能,也许 与 maybe Maybe Sally is hersister. Sally may be hersister. western music / pop music/classical music/modernmusic 西方的音乐/流行音乐/古典音乐/现代音乐 whos it by? 它是由谁（写）的？Im not sure.我不确定 be born （in /on）出生 the capital city ofAustria 奥地利首都 also too
39、 either 也 neither 两者都不 Im also astudent. Ima student too. Im not astudent either. 一般用 neither 很少。 Neither Ronald nor Sammy is astudent.music 音乐 musician 音乐家make sb.+adj. 让某人 His waltzesmade him famous all over Europe.succeed 动词 successful 形容词 success 名词 Ourplan hassucceeded. He will be successful wi
40、th the help of us. Its a great success tofinish the work .not only but also 不但.而且. 要遵循“就近一致原则”，Not only thestudents but also the teacher was invited.a beautiful old city 一个美丽的古城 take sb. around带着某人周游give concerts 开音乐会 at the age of在。岁时 a pieceof music / pieces of musicplay the piano 弹钢琴 in additiont
41、o (besides) 除之外(be)famous for 以什么著名 a part-time job 一份兼职工作 onholiday 度假decide to do sth. 决定做 the restof 其余的 have a rest 休息一下go on sth. / go on doing / go on todo 继续 after dinner, he went on to learnEnglish.做完家庭作业，他继续学英语 afterresting for a few minutes, he went on doing hishomework.几分钟后，他继续做家庭作业one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 one ofthe most popular singersVienna is a beautiful old city on the riverDunube.维也纳是在多瑙河边的一个美丽的老城市。 a large group of 一大群 belong to 属于live 居住 lively 活泼的 lovely 可爱的 at the age of 在岁的时候of course 当然
