1、大学英语四级完形填空练习题六（附答案详解）阅 From childhood to old age，we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us。When humans first 1，they were like newborn children，unable to use this 2tool。Yet once language developed，the possibilities for human kinds future 3and cultu
2、ral growth increased。Many linguists believe that evolution is 4for our ability to produce and use language。They 5that our highly evolved brain provides us 6an innate language ability not found in lower 7。Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 8for language is inborn，but that language itse
3、lf develops gradually，9a function of the growth of the brain during childhood。Therefore there are critical 10times for language development。Current 11of innateness theory are mixed，however，evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable。12，more and more schools are discoveri
4、ng that foreign languages are best taught in 13grades。 Young children often can learn several languages by being 14to them，while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15of their first language have become firmly fixed。16some aspects of language are undeniably innate，langu
5、age does not develop automatically in a vacuum。Children who have been 17from other human beings do not possess language。This demonstrates that 18with other human beings is necessary for proper language development。Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 19than any innat
6、e capacities。These theorists view language as imitative，learned behavior。20，children learn language from their parents by imitating them。Parents gradually shape their childs language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones。1。A。generated B。evolved
7、 C。born D。originated2。A。valuable B。appropriate C。convenient D。favorite3。A。attainments B。feasibilityC。entertainments D 。evolution4。A。essential B。available C 。reliable D。responsible5。A。confirm B。inform C。claim D。convince6。A。for B。 from C。of D。 with7。A。organizations B。organisms C。humans D 。children8。A。
8、potential B。performance C。preference D。passion9。A。as B。just as C。like D。unlike10。A。ideological B。biologicalC。social D。psychological11。A。reviews B。referenceC。reaction D。 recommendation12。A。In a word B。In a senseC。Indeed D。In other words13。A。various B 。different C。the higher D。the lower14。A。revealed B
9、。exposed C 。engaged D 。involved15。A。regulations B。formationsC。rules D。constitutions16。A。Although B。Whether C。Since D 。When17。A。distinguished B。differentC。protected D。isolated18。A。exposition B。comparison C。contrast D。interaction19。A。acquisition B 。appreciation C 。requirement D。alternative20。A。As a re
10、sult B。After allC。In other words D。Above allCloze Test 6 答案1。 【答案】B【解析】此处意为：当人类刚刚开始进化，他们如同新生儿一样不会运用语言这种工具。evolved 逐渐发展，进化符合题意。generated 生殖，发展；born （bear 的过去分词）不能作谓语动词；originated 起源，不能用 first 修饰。2。 【答案】A【解析】根据语法分析，答案应用来修饰语言的。valuable 珍贵的；appropriate 合适的，适当的；convenient 方便的，便利的； favorite 最喜欢的。语言并不是人类选择
11、的结果，而是人类在进化过程中慢慢发展起来的，对人类来说，应当是珍贵的。3。 【答案】A【解析】此处意思是：语言的发展增加了人类未来的成就和文化进步的可能性。attainments 成就；feasibility 可行性；entertainments 娱乐； evolution 进化。4。 【答案】D【解析】此处意为：许多语言学家认为进化使人们产生和具备了语言的能力。固定短语 be responsible for 对负责，是的原由。其它选项不与 for 搭配。5。 【答案】C【解析】根据语法分析，空格后应是一个宾语从句，而 A，B，D 三项后都不能接从句做直接宾语。confirm（确认）+名词；i
12、nform（通知）sb。of sth。 ；convince （使某人确信）sb。of sth。6。 【答案】D【解析】固定搭配 provide sb。with sth。意为“向（人）提供（物） ”7。 【答案】B【解析】此处意为：我们高度发达的大脑是我们具备了其它低等动物所不具备的语言能力。显然，这里是把人和低等动物相比较。因此选 organisms 有机体，生物体。8。 【答案】A【解析】此句意思是：人类的语言能力是与生俱来的，但语言本身也在逐渐发展，所以这种能力应该是潜在的。potential 潜力；performance 履行；preference 偏爱；passion 激情。9。 【答
13、案】A【解析】此句句义是：语言本身作为童年时期大脑生长的一种功能，其发展是缓慢的。as （作为，当作）合乎题意。Like 作为介词的意思是“像一样” 。10。 【答案】B【解析】此句意为：语言的发展有一个关键期，人体的成长是生物变化的过程。biological生物的；ideological 思想上的；social 社会的；psychological 心理的。11。 【答案】A【解析】此处意为：目前人们对“先天论”评论观点不一，但是支持某些天生能力的证据却是确凿无疑的。reviews 评论 ；reference 参考；reaction 反应；recommendation 推荐。12。 【答案】C
14、【解析】从 11 题可看出，作者是倾向于先天论的，为了进一步证明先天论是有道理的，作者选择了以学校为例加以说明，因此这里应填一个表示递进关系的词 Indeed（甚至） 。13。 【答案】D【解析】此处意思是：越来越多的学校发现在什么年级学外语较容易，根据常识（低年级学外语较容易）以及后文的 Young children often can learn several languages by being 14to them，while adults可以选定答案。14。 【答案】B【解析】此处意为：通过接触多种语言，孩子们可以学会好几种语言。be exposed to 是固定搭配，接触到。rev
15、eal （显露） sth。to sb，不合题意，因本题中的 them 指 languages。其余选项不与 to 搭配。engage in 从事；be involved in 参与。15。 【答案】C【解析】此句意思是：一旦母语的规则被深深印入脑海中，成年人就很难再学好另一种语言。rules 规则，规律；regulations 规定；formations 构成，构造；constitutions 宪法，章程。16。 【答案】A【解析】分析上下文的逻辑关系，从句意思是：语言的某些方面肯定是先天的。主句意思是：语言不会在与人隔绝的状况下自行发展。前后应为转折关系。17。 【答案】D【解析】此句意为：
16、与人隔绝的儿童不能掌握好一门语言。isolated 孤立的，与人隔绝的；distinguished 区别的，杰出的；different 不同的；protected 受到保护的。18。 【答案】D【解析】此句总结前几句，意为：必须通过与他人交往，语言才能够发展。interaction 相互作用；exposition 暴露；comparison 比较；contrast 对比。19。 【答案】A【解析】根据分析，本句中的“this”和“even more basic”分别指代上句的“interaction with other human beings”和“necessary” ，此处所填词对应上文
17、中的 language development。也就是说，language acquisition 语言习得。appreciation 欣赏，感激；requirement 要求；alternative 转移，转变，转换。20。 【答案】C【解析】本句功能是以另一种方式解释前文中的“imitative，learned behavior。 （模仿性的后天行为） ”。In other words 换言之，换句话说；As a result 结果是；After all 毕竟；Above all 首先。英语四级考试完形填空试题及答案解析There are more than forty universit
18、ies in Britainnearly twice as many as in 1960.During the 1960s eight completely new ones were founded， and ten other new ones were created 1 converting old colleges of technology into universities .In the same period the 2 of students more than doubled， from 70000 to 3 than 200，000.By 1973 about 10%
19、 of men aged from eighteen 4 twenty-one were in universities and about 5% of women. All the universities are private institutions. Each has its 5 governing councils， 6 some local businessmen and local politicians as 7 a few academics（大学教师） .The state began to give grants to them fifty years 8 ， and
20、by 1970 each university derived nearly all its 9 from state grants. Students have to 10 fees and living costs， but every student may receive from the local authority of the place 11 he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs， including lodging and 12 unless his parents are 13 .M
21、ost 14 take jobs in the summer 15 about six weeks， but they do not normally do outside 16 during the academic year. The Department of Education takes 17 for the payment which cover the whole expenditure of the 18 ， but it does not exercise direct control. It can have an important influence 19 new de
22、velopments through its power to distribute funds， but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee， a body which is mainly 20 of academics.1.A.with B.by C.at D.into2.A.amount B.quantity C.lot D.number3.A.more B.much C.less D.fewer4.A.with B.to C.from D.beyond5.A.self B.kind C.own D.persona
23、l6.A.making B.consisting C.including D.taking7.A.good B.long C.little D.well8.A.ago B.before C.after D.ever9.A.suggestions B.grades C.profits D.funds10.A.make B.pay C.change D.delay11.A.what B.which C.where D.how12.A.living B.drinking C.food D.shelter13.A.poor B.generous C.kindhearted D.rich14.A.pro
24、fessors B.studentsC.politicians D.businessmen15.A.at B.since C.with D.for16.A.travel B.work C.experiment D.study17.A.responsibility B.adviceC.duty D.pleasure18.A.government B.school C.universities D.committees19.A.at B.to C.on D.form20.A.consisted B.composed C.made D.taken1.【答案】B【解析】by doing“通过某种方式
25、”，其他三个介词不适用。2.【答案】D【解析】the number of“的数量” ，修饰可数名词。3.【答案】A【解析】than 的前面要用比较级，表示多的意思只能选 more4.【答案】B【解析】fromto“从到” ，固定搭配。5.【答案】C【解析】its own“它自己的” 。6.【答案】C【解析】including 作介词， “包括” ；consist of“由组成” 。making 和 taking 词意不符7.【答案】D【解析】as well“也，除之外” 。其他词与 well 搭配，无此意思。8.【答案】A【解析】ago 是从现在算起；before 是从过去某一时点算起。9.【
26、答案】D【解析】fund“资金” ，这里是说 “大学从政府的拨款中获得全部的资金” 。suggestions“建议” ；grades“成绩” ；profits“利润” 。10.【答案】B【解析】pay fees “支付费用” 。本句意为学生得支付学习和生活费用。11.【答案】C【解析】where 引导地点状语从句。12.【答案】C【解析】lodging and food “食宿” ，固定搭配。13.【答案】D【解析】这里是说“学生可以受到居住地政府的资助，包括食宿，除非他父母富有。14.【答案】B【解析】这里是说大多数学生在暑假打工大约六星期。15.【答案】D【解析】在这里介词 for 表示一
27、段时间。16.【答案】B【解析】work 与前面的 jobs 相呼应。17.【答案】A【解析】take responsibility for“对承担责任” ，固定搭配。18.【答案】C【解析】这里是说教育部承担了大学的全部支付。19.【答案】C【解析】have influence on“对产生影响” ，固定搭配。20.【答案】B【解析】be composed of“由组成” ，固定搭配。If you were to begin a new job tomorrow， you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses.Suc
28、cess or 1 in your work would depend， to 2 great extent， 3 your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage.4 the utmost importance is your attitude.A person 5 begins a job convinced that he isnt going to like it or is 6 that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which ca
29、n only hinder his success.On the other hand， a person who is secure 7 his belief that he is probably as capable 8 doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt 9 it possesses a certain strength of purpose.The chances are that he will do well.10 the prerequisite skills f
30、or a particular job is strength.Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness.A bookkeeper who cant add or a carpenter who cant cut a straight line with a saw 11 hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize 12 the strength and overcome the 13 that you bring to the job of learning
31、.But insgroupsto measure your development， you must first 14 stock ofswheresyou stand now. 15 we get further along in the book， well be 16 in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 17 skills.However， 18 begin with， you should pause 19 examine your present strengths and
32、weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failurein school： your 20 ， your reading and communication skills， and your study habits.1.A.improvement B.victoryC.failure D.achievement2.A.a B.the C.some D.certain3.A.in B.on C.of D.to4.A.Out of B.Of C.To D.Into5.A.who B.what C.that D.
33、which6.A.ensure B.certain C.sure D.surely7.A.onto B.on C.off D.in8.A.to B.at C.of D.for9.A.near B.on C.by D.at10.A.Have B.Had C.Having D.Had been11.A.being B.been C.are D.is12.A.except B.but C.for D.on13.A.idea B.weakness C.strength D.advantage14.A.make B.take C.do D.give15.A.as B.till C.over D.out1
34、6.A.deal B.dealt C.be dealt D.dealing17.A.learnt B.learned C.learning D.learn18.A.around B.to C.from D.beside19.A.to B.onto C.into D.with20.A.intelligence B.workC.attitude D.weaknessCloze Test 21.【答案】C【解析】本句的意思是：“成功或失败在很大程度上取决于你是否能扬长避短。 ”improvement 改进；victory 胜利；achievement 成果，成就。这三个词都不合题意，只有 C.fai
35、lure“失败” 最合适。2.【答案】A【解析】to a great extent 是固定短语，意思是 “很大程度上 ”，符合题意。类似的说法还有：to a large extent，to some extent， to an extent， to a certain extent， to that extent， to the extent of。the， some， certain 都不能与 great extent 搭配。3.【答案】B【解析】on 与前面的 depend 构成本句谓语。4.【答案】B【解析】of 与名词连用，表示具有某种性质，状态，做表语。置于句首，表示强调。正常语序为
36、：Your attitude is of the utmost importance.5.【答案】A【解析】A person 后应当是定语从句， “开始工作的那个人” 。6.【答案】C【解析】本句的意思是“如果一个刚刚开始工作的人就深信自己不会喜欢或肯定不适应这项工作，那么阻碍他成功的缺点就暴露出来了。 ”or 后面省略了主语 he。ensure 保证；certain 肯定的（只能用于 It 做主语的句子里） ；surely 确实地；sure 肯定的。7.【答案】D【解析】in one s belief 相信。其它选项都不能与 belief 搭配。8.【答案】C【解析】capable of d
37、oing 是固定搭配，意为 “能够干什么” 。9.【答案】D【解析】attempt 用做名词，后接介词 at，意为“试图，努力” ；如果后面接介词 on，表示攻击的意思。其他两项都不能与 attempt 搭配。10.【答案】C【解析】本句的意思是“具有某一工作的必要技能是一个优势”此处应填句子的主语，故选动名词 having。11.【答案】D【解析】本句主语是 A bookkeeper or carpenter。根据主谓一致原则，其谓语应当用单数 is，而不是复数 are。being， been 都是分词，应该排除。12.【答案】D【解析】on 与前面的 capitalize 搭配，表示“利用
38、” 。做不定式 help 的补语。其它选项不能与 capitalize 搭配。13.【答案】B【解析】本句的意思是“克服缺点” ，应选 weakness（缺点，弱点） 。idea 观点；strength 优点；advantage 优势。14.【答案】B【解析】固定短语 take stock of，意为“对估价，对作出判断” 。15.【答案】A【解析】本句的意思是：“随着更深入的阅读” ，从语法角度，此处应填关联词。四个选项中，只有 as 能用做关联词。16.【答案】D【解析】选项 A， B， C 分别是 deal（处理，论述，涉及）的原形，过去分词及被动语态。根据语法和语义，此处应填将来进行时，意思是“随着书中内容的进一步深入，我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程。 ”17.【答案】C【解析】根据上下文，这里应当指“学习技能” 。18.【答案】B【解析】固定短语 to begin with，意为“首先，第一” ，常用做插入语。19.【答案】A【解析】谓语动词 pause 后，examine 又是动词原形，所以这里应当选 to，可构成动词不定式，做目的状语。其余选项都是介词，不合题意。20.【答案】C
