1、Unit 6Difficult Sentences1. Our hotels were “tourist traps”What does “tourist trap” mean?(= It refers to a place, such as a shop or resort area, that offers overpriced goods and services to tourists.)2. We found a boring looking little joint carelessly decorated for the holiday.Translate the sentenc
2、e into Chinese.(= 我们找到了一家小餐馆，这小店看着很乏味，只是随便装饰了一下来应节。)3. I was too stubborn and too tired and miserable to leave.Paraphrase the sentence.(= I was so tired and unhappy that I insisted on staying here instead of looking for a better restaurant.)4. She wore a dripping, ragged overcoat, and dragged hersel
3、f in on wet, rundown shoes.What can you infer from the sentence?(= She was so poor that she had to sell flowers even on a rainy Christmas Eve. It seemed that she hadnt sold any flower, so she had to go on selling until she was completely wet and it was time to have Christmas dinner.)5. “may I have p
4、ermission to present this flower to your beautiful daughter?”Why did the sailor use “daughter”?(= It was probably a compliment, meaning that the wife looked young, or he might intentionally said so just to cheer them up.)6. The piano player began to sing loudly “Good King Wenceslaus.”What is “Good K
5、ing Wenceslaus”? (= One of the best loved Christmas carols is the 129-year-old carol “Good King Wenceslaus.” In 1853, John Mason Neale chose Wenceslaus as the subject for a childrens song to exemplify generosity. It quickly became a Christmas favorite.)Who is King Wenceslaus? (= Wenceslaus was the D
6、uke of Bohemia (波希米亚 ) who was murdered in 929 AD. As the song indicates, he was a good, honest, and strongly principled man. The song praises his high moral character by describing King Wenceslaus braving a fierce storm in order to help feed a poor neighbour. Wenceslaus believed that his Christian
7、faith needed to be put into action in practical ways. He was Bohemias most famous martyr and patron saint. His picture appeared on Bohemian coins, and the Crown of Wenceslaus became the symbol of Czech (捷克) independence.)7. One of the French families called for champagne made the rounds, kissing eac
8、h of us on both cheeks.Translate the sentence.(= 其中的一家法国人要来了香槟到每张桌上给人敬酒，亲吻每个人的双颊。)8. The owner of the restaurant started “The First Noel,” and we all joined in, half of us crying.What is “The First Noel”? (= “The First Noel” is a traditional English Christmas carol, most likely from the 16th or 17th
9、 century, but possibly dating from as early as the 13th century. The word Noel comes from the French word Nol meaning “Christmas”.) 9. The walls shook as hands and feet kept time to the Christmas carols.Translate the sentence.(= 人们和着圣诞歌的节奏手舞足蹈，声音震动了餐厅的四壁。)Words and Expressions1. wretched: adj. extre
10、mely bad or unpleasant* The house was in a wretched state.* I was shocked to see their wretched living conditions.多么令人讨厌的天气！(= What wretched weather!)2. rent: vt. pay money for the use of something for a short period of time* Will you rent a car while youre in Spain?CF: rent, hire collapse3) change
11、or remove something that prevents people from working together and having a successful relationship with each other4) be unable to stop ones emotions when in a state of distress, especially in public5) separate something into smaller parts so that it is easier to be dealt with or understoodDirection
12、s: Match the above definitions with the sentences below.a) He showed us the whole dance, then broke it down so that we could learn it more easily.b) The car broke down just north of Paris.c) It takes a long time to break down prejudices.d) Negotiations broke down after only two days.e) He broke down
13、 and cried.(Key: 1-b, 2-d, 3-c, 4-e, 5-a)Collocation:break away (from) 逃脱，逃离break in 闯入break off 突然结束，中断break out 突然发生，爆发break through 突破，有新的发现break up 结束，断绝关系Directions: Fill in the blanks with the above phrases. Change the form where necessary. 1) Thieves _ and stole 10, 000 worth of computer equi
14、pment. (= broke in)2) The prisoner _ the two policemen who were holding him. (= broke away from)3) What will happen to the children if Jim and Mary _? (= break up)4) The two countries _ diplomatic relations with each other. (= broke off)5) Scientists hope to _ soon for a cure for this kind of cancer
15、. (= break through)6) I was still living in London when the war _. (= broke out)4. shabby: adj. untidy and in bad condition* Hughs jacket was old and shabby.* Fortunately, she met Jim, who offered her a job in his rather shabby restaurant.5. greasy: adj. covered in grease or oil* The shampoo is for
16、greasy hair.* The food was heavy and greasy.太多油腻的食物对你不利。(= Too much greasy food isnt good for you.)6. defend: vt. use arguments to protect something or someone from criticism, or to prove that something is right* She was always defending her husband in front of their daughter.* Students should be re
17、ady to explain and defend their views.你怎能为因科学研究而杀死动物的行为辩护呢？(= How can you defend the killing of animals for scientific study?)Pattern: defend sb. against/from sb./sth. 7. slap: 1) vt. hit someone with the flat part of the hand* He slapped her across the face.* If you touch me again Ill slap you. 2)
18、n. a quick hit with the flat part of the hand* Julia gave Roy a slap on the cheek.Collocation:a slap in the face 侮辱，打击a slap on the wrist 轻微的处罚，温和的警告a slap on the back 表扬，赞许8. minor: adj. small and not very important or serious, especially when compared with other things* We have made some minor cha
19、nges to the program.* They played only a minor role in the local government. * I made minor alterations to the article.CF: minor, negligible (of a person) wearing such clothes* Although he wore ragged clothes, he was not particularly dirty.* It tells the story of an old man who has an old, ragged ha
20、t with holes in it.* The brim of his ragged hat hung down and nearly blocked his entire face.12. franc: n. the standard unit of money in various countries, and used in France and Belgium before the euroNB:Currencies of the World PRC Renminbi Yuan CNY 1CNY=10 jiao (角 )1 jiao=10 fen (分)United Kingdom
21、Pound, Sterling GBP 1GBP=100 new pence (新便士)United States of America U.S.Dollar USD 1USD=100 cents (分)Canada Canadian Dollar CAD 1CAD=100 cents (分)Japan Japanese Yen JPY 1JPY=100 sen (钱)13. point: v. show sb. or sth. to someone by holding up one finger or a thin object towards sb. or sth.* I could s
22、ee him pointing at me and telling the other guests what I had said.* She was pointing to a small boat that was approaching the shore.Collocation: point the/a finger at somebody 指责* I knew that they would point the finger at me. 我知道他们会指责我的。point the way forward 指明方向* This new discovery points the way
23、 forward in the search for a cure. 这一新发现为寻找治疗方法指明了方向。point out 指出，指明* I pointed out to him where I used to live. 我把我过去住的地方指给他看。point to 表明；指向* All the evidence points to Randall as the murderer. 所有的证据都表明兰德尔是杀人凶手。14. tip: 1) v. give an additional amount of money to someone for performing a service* D
24、id you tip the waiter?* I tipped him $5.2) n. a small amount of additional money given to someone for performing a service* Did you leave a tip?* I gave the guy a big tip.15. press: vt. put pressure or a weight on something to make it flat, crush it, etc.* At this stage the grapes have to be pressed
25、.* You can create amazing pieces of art and home decor items with pressed flowers.16. lean: vi. slope or bend from an upright position* She leant towards him and listened.* He was leaning on the bridge, watching the boats go by.Collocation: lean on somebody 依赖，依靠* The couple lean on each other for s
26、upport. 这对夫妻互相依靠。lean towards something 有倾向17. straighten up: make ones back straight, or to stand up straight after bending down * He remained bent over for several seconds before slowly straightening up.她直起身子时，背部的疼痛更厉害了。(= As she straightened up, the ache in her back grew worse.) 18. permission: n
27、. the act of allowing; consent; authorization* Did he give you permission to take that?* The company has applied to court for permission to renegotiate the contract.* We have obtained permission from the directors to use some of our funds.Collocation: ask/request/apply for permission 请求许可give/grant
28、permission 准许get/obtain/receive permission 获得许可have permission (to do something) 许可refuse/deny (somebody) permission 不许with/without (somebodys) permission 经过许可/ 未经许可Directions: Fill in the blanks with the above phrases. Change the form where necessary. 1) You must _ before taking any photographs ins
29、ide the church. (= ask permission)2) They didnt _ cross the frontier. (= have permission to)3) Who _ to leave class early? (= gave him permission)4) He _ from his boss before talking to the press. (= obtained permission)5) We heard of the Councils decision to _ for the development. (= refuse permiss
30、ion)6) Pages should not be copied _ the publisher. (= without the permission of)7) _, I should like to visit Mrs. Thorne myself. (= With your permission)19. motion: n. a single movement of your hand or head, especially one made in order to communicate something* He summoned the waiter with a motion
31、of his hand. 她的一举一动都很优美。(= All her motions were graceful.)20. depart: v. leave, especially when starting a journey* Flights by Air Europe depart Gatwick on Tuesdays.* Dorothy departed for Germany last week. CF: depart, leave, go & quit 这些动词均含“离开某处”之意。depart 较正式，指经过周密考虑或郑重地离开，强调离开的起点。例如：* The train t
32、o Edinburgh will depart from platform 6 in five minutes.leave 强调出发地而不是目的地。例如：* Were leaving from the main station at six oclock.go 是一般用词，指从所在地到其他地方去，着重目的地而非出发地。例如：* We are going to my parents from Christmas.quit 指离开令人烦恼的地方，或摆脱使人不快的人或事。例如：* Id had enough, so I quit my job.21. explode: v. burst, or to
33、 make something burst, into small pieces, usually with a loud noise and in a way that causes damage* The device was thrown at an army patrol but failed to explode.* Far sooner than anyone thought possible, the Russians exploded an atomic bomb.恐怖分子在一家商店引爆了一枚炸弹。(= The terrorists exploded a bomb in a s
34、tore.)22. enthusiasm: n. a strong feeling of interest and enjoyment about something and an eagerness to be involved in it* Gillian and Darren greeted the speakers with great enthusiasm.* We went along to the local diving club, full of enthusiasm.* Employers showed little enthusiasm for the new regul
35、ations.Collocation: with enthusiasm 热情（烈）地great/much/considerable/enormous enthusiasm 巨大的热情little enthusiasm 没什么热情lack of enthusiasm 缺乏热情full of enthusiasm 充满热情show (great/considerable) enthusiasm 显示出巨大的热情lose enthusiasm 失去热情fire somebody with enthusiasm 使充满热情generate enthusiasm 激发的热情23. embrace: v.
36、 put ones arms around someone and hold them in a friendly or loving way* Jack warmly embraced his son.* Maggie and Laura embraced.他们相互热烈拥抱。(= They embraced each other warmly.)24. dull: adj. not interesting or exciting* Life is never dull when Elizabeth is here.* It sounded pretty dull to me.* Theres
37、 never a dull moment when John comes to stay.CF: dull, tedious, monotonous & dreary 这些形容词均表示“单调的，乏味的，厌烦的”之意。dull 指缺乏鲜明、吸引力或情趣而显得乏味、沉闷。例如：* The weekly meeting tends to be deadly dull.tedious 指文章、演讲、演出等冗长乏味或环境等单调、沉闷，缺乏活力，使人感到不舒服。例如：* Most of the students in the hall were put to sleep by the tedious le
38、cture.monotonous 指没有变化、重复单调的。例如：* He spoilt the poem by reading it in a monotonous voice.dreary 强调无趣味的、不活泼的事或思想状态。例如：* Addressing envelopes is dreary work.25. release: vt. let someone go free, after having kept them somewhere* Police arrested several men, who were later released.* The bears are even
39、tually released into the wild.Pattern: release somebody from something * He was released from the hospital yesterday.CF: release, free, liberate & discharge 这些动词均含“解放，释放”之意。release 指放松限制、解除监禁或免除义务。例如：* The hijackers released three of the hostages.free 指不再受任何限制、约束、阻碍和压迫，完全可按自己的意志行事。例如：* She freed the
40、 bird from its cage.liberate 常指从束缚和压迫中解放出来，强调获得最终的解放，有时可和 free 换用。例如：* The new government has liberated all political prisoners.discharge 强调把某人或某物从监禁、束缚中释放出来。例如：* The judge discharged the prisoner.26. smother: vt. stop oneself from showing ones feelings or from doing an action* The girls tried to sm
41、other their giggles.* She tried to smother her sobs.* I just managed to smother a yawn.Useful Expressions1. 黑店 a tourist trap2. 圣诞精神 Christmas spirit3. 默默地 in stony silence4. 点餐 order the meal5. 为一点小事打孩子 slap a child for some minor fault6. 一阵令人不快的寒风 an unpleasant blast of cold air7. 湿淋淋的破旧大衣 a dripp
42、ing, ragged overcoat8. 空空如也的小费盘 an empty tipping plate9. 收集信息 collect information10. 把花压平 press the flower flat11. 一张二十法郎面额的钞票 a twenty-franc note12. 没有零钱 do not have the change13. 直起身 straighten up14. 把花举在胸前 hold the flower in front of sb.15. 迅速地 in one quick motion16. 像炸弹似地爆炸开来 explode like a bomb
43、17. 双手魔力十足地敲击键盘 beat the keys with magic hands18. 头和着旋律频频点动 nod ones head in rhythm19. 随着节奏挥动着花 wave the flower in time to the music20. 纵情高歌 bellow the song with uninhibited enthusiasm21. 用餐叉敲击酒瓶打起了拍子 beat rhythm with a fork against a bottle22. 到每张桌子给人敬酒 make the rounds23. 络绎不绝地从街上涌来 crowd in from t
44、he street24. 释放爱心和快乐 release love and joyProverbs and Quotations1. Christmas comes but once a year.佳节良辰，机会难得。2. It is more blessed to give than to receive. 施恩比受惠更有福。3. Kindness is the sunshine of social life. 仁慈是社会生活中的阳光。4. On earth there is nothing great but man, in man there is nothing great but m
45、ind. 在世界上没有一件东西有如人那样伟大，在人之身上没有一件东西有如心那么伟大。5. Peace on earth and good will towards men. 愿世界得太平，人间持善意。6. Christmas is not a time nor a season, but a state of mind. To cherish peace and goodwill, to be plenteous in mercy, is to have the real spirit of Christmas. Calvin Coolidge, American president 圣诞节不是一段时光，也不是一个季节，而是一种精神状态。珍惜和平和善意，富有慈悲心，这才是真正的圣诞精神。 美国总统 C. 柯立芝
