1、十四章(14)脑外科疾病diseases of brain surgerybrain abscess脑脓肿extradural (subdural) abscess (tumor)硬膜外（下）脓肿（肿瘤）acoustic neuroma听神经瘤meningocele (meningoencephalocele)脑膜膨出spinal meningocele脊膜膨出 hydrocephalus脑积水ylioma (neurofibroma)神经胶质（神经纤维）瘤meningioma脑膜瘤pituitary adenoma垂体腺瘤 craniopharyngioma颅咽管瘤cysticercosis
2、 (paragonimiasis, schistosomiasis) of brain脑囊虫（肺吸虫，血吸虫）病cerebral bleeding (embolism) 脑出血（栓塞）cerebral hemorrhage (infarction)脑出血（梗死）cerebral trauma脑外伤cerebral aneurysm脑动脉瘤cerebrovascular malformation脑血管畸形arteriovenous malformation of brain脑动静脉畸形intracerebral hematoma脑内血肿hemorrhage of internal capsule
3、内囊出血hemorrhage of brain stem脑干出血cerebromalacia脑软化cerebral edema脑水肿cerebrovascular accident脑血管意外metastatic encephaloma转移性脑瘤 epilepsy癫痫Parkisons disease帕金森氏病intracranial hypertension颅内压升高basicranial fracture 颅底骨折intracranial space-occupying lesion颅内占位性病变ependymal cyst (ependymoma)室管膜囊肿（瘤）cerebral atro
4、phy脑萎缩encephalocele脑疝(15)泌尿外科疾病urological diseasespolycystic kidney多囊肾phimosis (redundant prepuce)包茎（包皮过长）hypospadias (epispadias)尿道下（上）裂cryptorchidism隐睾ectopia (torsion) of testis睾丸异位（扭转）extrophy of bladder 膀胱外翻 hydrocalyx 肾盏积水 hydronephrosis肾积水stricture of ureter输尿管狭窄obstruction of urethra尿道梗阻rena
5、l (ureteral) injury肾（输尿管）损伤 injury of bladder (urethra, penis, scrotum)膀胱（尿道，阴茎，阴囊）损伤condyloma acuminate 尖锐湿疣balanitis (balanoposthitis)阴茎头（包皮）炎 cavernositis of the penis阴茎海绵体炎chancroid软下疳cystitis膀胱炎soft (hard) chancre软（硬）下疳hypertrophy of prostate 前列腺肥大 eczema of the scrotum (external genitalia)阴囊（外
6、生殖器）湿疹acute (chronic) pyelonephritis 急（慢）性肾盂肾炎pyelitis肾盂炎pyonephritis肾积脓trichomonal prostatitis滴虫性前列腺炎 perinephritis 肾周围炎abscess of the kidney (perinephric)肾（周脓肿）acute (chronic) cystitis急（慢）性膀胱炎gonorrheal prostatitis(seminal vesiculitis, epididymitis, urethritis)淋球菌性前列腺炎（精囊炎，附睾炎，尿道炎）gonorrhea淋病 bact
7、erial urethritis细菌性尿道炎tuberculosis of kidney (prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymis)肾（前列腺，精囊，附睾）结核contracted bladder挛缩性膀胱 renal (ureteral, vesicle) calculus肾（输尿管，膀胱）结石carcinoma (embryoma) of kidney肾癌（胚胎瘤）papilloma (papillary carcinoma) of renal pilvis(ureter, penis, bladder)肾盂（输尿管，阴茎，膀胱）乳头状瘤（癌）infil
8、trative carcinoma of bladder膀胱浸润性癌caruncle of urethra尿道肉阜teratoma (seminoma) of testis睾丸畸胎瘤（精原细胞癌） carcinoma (sarcoma) of prostate 前列腺癌（肉瘤）nephroptosis肾下垂hydrocele of the spermatic cord (testis)精索（睾丸）鞘膜积液varicolele of spermatic cord精索静脉曲张elephantiasis of scrotum (penis)阴囊（阴茎）橡皮肿intrascrotal filarias
9、is阴囊内丝虫病chyluria (bacteriuria)乳糜（细菌）尿Cushing syndrome 柯兴综合征primary (secondary) aldosteronism 原（继）发性醛固酮增多症virilism女性男性化adrenal pheochromocytoma肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤adenocarcinoma of bladder (prostate)膀胱（前列腺）腺癌clear (granular) cell carcinoma of kidney 肾透明（颗粒）细胞癌leiomyosarcoma of the bladder膀胱平滑肌肉瘤polyp of the uret
10、er输尿管息肉urethrorectal (urethrovaginal, vesicorectal, visicovaginal) fistula尿道直肠（尿道阴道，膀胱直肠，膀胱阴道）瘘hematoma of the scrotum阴囊血肿rupture of the bladder (renal pedicle)膀胱（肾蒂）破裂acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)爱滋病（获得性免疫缺陷综合征）thrombosis of the renal artery肾动脉血栓形成renal artery stenosis肾动脉狭窄acute tubular
11、necrosis急性肾小管坏死amyloidosis of the kidney肾淀粉样变neurogenic bladder神经性膀胱male(female) infertility男（女）性不育症 azoospermia (aspermia)无精症 necrospermia死精症asthenospermia (aspermatogenesis) 精子活力（生成）不足impotencec(y)阴萎asexuality无性欲hyposexuality (hypersexuality)性欲低下（旺盛）nocturnal emission遗精ejaculatio praecox早泄male ste
12、rility (contraception)男性绝（节）育apareunia (dyspareunia)性交不能（困难）penile chordee阴茎痛性勃起sexual experience (hygiene, impulse, development, behavior, life, intercourse, precocity, stimulate, satisfaction)性经历（卫生，冲动，发育，行为，生活，性交，早熟，刺激，满足）rectal (oral) intercourse肛（口）交sodomy 鸡奸masturbation手淫rape强奸aidoiomania (fur
13、or genitalis)色情狂homosexuality同性恋necromania (bestiality)尸（兽）奸sadism施虐狂sexual abuse性虐待incest乱伦voyeurism窥淫癖 pedophilia恋儿癖fetishism恋物癖 transsexualism变性癖(16)妇产科疾病diseases of obstetrics and gynecology(1)妇科疾病obstetrics diseasesvulvitis外阴炎chronic vulvar dystrophy慢性外阴营养不良pruritus (leucoderma, albinism) vulva
14、e外阴瘙痒（白斑，白化病）Bartholins gland cyst (abscess)前庭大腺囊肿（脓肿）trichomonas (monilial, senile) vaginitis (colpitis)滴虫（念珠菌，老年）性阴道炎cervical erosion (hypertrophy, polyp, cyst)宫颈糜烂（肥大，息肉，囊肿）cervicitis宫颈炎 salpingitis (ovaritis) 输卵管（卵巢）炎 pelvic parametritis 盆腔结缔组织炎 tuberculosis of the ovary (endometrium, pelvic per
15、itoneum, uterine tube)卵巢（子宫内膜，盒腔腹膜，输卵管）结核gonorrhea淋病 papilloma(fibroma, lipoma) of vulva外阴乳头状瘤（纤维瘤，脂肪瘤） squamocellular (basal cell) carcinoma of vulva外阴鳞状上皮（基底）细胞癌malignant melanoma恶性黑色素瘤Paget disease派杰病Bowens disease表皮内癌cervical carcinoma宫颈癌leiomyoma of uterus子宫平滑肌瘤submucous (subserous, intramural)
16、myoma粘膜下（浆膜下，肌壁间）子宫肌瘤multiple myomata of uterus多发性子宫肌瘤leiomyosarcoma平滑肌肉瘤carcinoma of endometrium子宫内膜癌follicle cyst (teratoma, cystadenoma, corpus luteum) of ovarium卵巢卵泡囊肿（畸胎瘤，囊腺瘤，黄体囊肿）carcinoma of the fallopian tube输卵管癌heterotopia endometriosis子宫内膜异位症polycystic ovary多囊卵巢amenorrhea (menopause, dysme
17、norrhea)闭（停，痛）经dysfunctional menstrual disorder功能失调月经紊乱pyemenstrual tension syndrome 经前期紧张综合征menopausal (climacteric) syndrome更年期综合征cystocele (rectocele)膀胱（直肠）膨出prolapse of uterus子宫脱垂imperforate hymen处女膜闭锁congenital absence of vagine (uterus)先天性无阴道（子宫）double vagina双阴道atresia (stenosis) of vagine阴道闭锁
18、（狭窄）transverse (longitudinal) vaginal septum阴道横（纵）隔uterine hypoplasia (infantile uterus)子宫发育不良（幼稚子宫）double uterus (didelphia) 双子宫uterus bicornis (unicornis)双（单）角子宫primordial (solidary) uterus始基（实性）子宫uterus duplex (septus)重复 纵隔子宫ovarian hypoplasia 卵巢发育不良 true (pseudo) hermaphroditism真（假）两性畸形infertili
19、ty不孕症ambivalent两性人rectovaginal (urethrovaginal, vesicocervical, vesicovaginal,ureterovaginal) fistula 直肠阴道（尿道阴道，膀胱宫颈，膀胱阴道，输尿管阴道）瘘hemorrhagia contactu接触性出血herpes zoster带状疱疹(2)产科疾病gynecological diseasesthreatened (habitual, inevitable) abortion先兆（习惯，难免）流产complete (incomplete, missed) abortion 完全（不全，过期
20、）流产 induced (artificial) abortion 人工流产spontaneous abortion自然流产 criminal abortion堕胎premature birth早产extrauterine pregnancy 宫外孕tubal (abdominal, cervical, ovarian, interstitial) pregnancy输卵管（腹腔，宫颈，卵巢，间质部）妊娠hyperemesis gravidarum (morning sickness)妊娠剧吐（晨吐）edema-proteinuria hypertension (pregnancy-hyper
21、tension) syndrome妊高征preeclampsia (eclampsia)（先兆）子痫 complete (partial, low lying) placenta previa 完全（部分，低置）性前置胎盘maginal (latae) placenta previa边缘性前置胎盘placenta abruption (ablatio placenta)胎盘早剥multiple pregnancy多胎妊娠 monozygotic (dizygotic) twins单（双）卵双胎poly-(oligo-) hydramnios 羊水过多（少）prolonged (delayed)
22、 pregnancy过期妊娠fetal death (stillbirth) 死胎stillborn (postmature delivery)死产high risk pregnancy高危妊娠 uterine inertia (over-efficiency)宫缩乏力（过强）generally contracted (flat, funnel, deformed) pelvis均小（扁平，漏斗，畸形）骨盆transversely (flat) contracted pelvis横径（扁平）狭窄骨盆cervical (vulvar) edema宫颈（外阴）水肿breech (shoulder,
23、 face) presentation臂（肩，面）先露transverse lie横产fetal macrosomia巨大胎儿 monster畸胎 hydrocephalus (anencephalus)脑积水（无脑儿）conjoined twins联体双胎fetal distress胎儿窘迫rupture of uterus子宫破裂postpartum hemorrhage due to (caused by) uterine inertia产后宫缩乏力性出血retained (adherent) placenta胎盘滞留（粘连）placenta incarcerata(infarction
24、)胎盘嵌顿（梗塞）injuries of the soft birth canal软产道损伤cervical (colpoperineal) laceration宫颈（会阴阴道）裂伤premature rupture of membrane胎膜早破prolapse of the umbilical cord脐带脱垂umbilical cord round the neck脐带绕颈too long (short) umbilical cord脐带过长（短）knots (torsion) of umbilical cord脐带打结（扭转）amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞pue
25、rperal infection (heatstrok)产褥感染（中暑）(malignant) hydatidiform mole (恶性)葡萄胎choriocarcinoma 绒毛膜癌antepartum fetal distress 产前胎儿窘迫 asphyxia neonatorum 新生儿窒息 intracranial hemorrhage颅内出血cephalohematoma头颅血肿 painless childbirth无痛分娩Rh blood gronp incompatibility Rh 血型不合subinvolation of uterus子宫复旧不全induced del
26、ivery引产galactostasis乳汁积滞agalactia无乳birth trauma产伤aspiration pneumonia 吸入性肺炎fetus in fetus 胎内胎difficult (nature) delivery难（平）产abdominal (forceps) delivery剖腹产（产钳分娩）(17)儿科疾病pediatrics diseases intracranial hemorrhage (pneumonia, asphyxia, scleredema, septicemia, tetanus, hypocalcemia) of the newborn新生儿
27、颅内出血（肺炎，窒息，硬化症，败血症，破伤风，低血钙）atelectasis neonatorum新生儿肺不张neonatal jaundice新生儿黄疸 hemolytic(physiologic) jaundice溶血（生理）性黄疸kernicterus核黄疸hyaline membrane disease 肺透明膜病hemolysis neonatorum新生儿溶血necrotizing enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎omphalitis (omphalocele)脐炎（膨出）umbilical hernia脐疝cephalohematoma 头颅血肿 congenital
28、torticollis先天性斜颈malnutriton营养不良 thrush (eczema)鹅口疮（湿疹）congenital atresia (stenosis) of esophagus (intestine)先天性食道（肠）闭锁（狭窄）congenital megacolon先天性巨结肠infantile diarrhea婴儿腹泻acute necrotizing enteritis急性坏死性肠炎intussusception肠套叠Keshan disease克山病endocardial fibroelastosis心内膜弹力纤维增生症purulent meningitis化脓性脑膜炎
29、epilepsy癫痫viral encephalitis病毒性脑炎cerebral palsy脑瘫progressive muscular dystrophy 进行性肌营养不良Kawasaki disease川崎病cretinism呆小病pituitary dwarfism 垂体性侏儒症 down syndrome先天愚型von gierke disease肝糖原累积症varicella (chickenpox)水痘scarlet fever腥红热whooping-congh百日咳poliomyelitis脊髓灰质炎mumps 流行性腮腺炎rubella (measles)风（麻）疹toxic bacillary dysentery 中毒性菌痢 acute miliary tuberculosis of the lung 急性粟粒性肺结核 tuberculous meningitis结核性脑膜炎
