1、1英国文学史资料 British Writers and WorksI. Old English Literature Henry IV : Richard III ; Henry V ；Richard II； Henry VIIIFour Comedies: 皆大欢喜; 第十二夜; 仲夏夜之梦; 威尼斯商人Four Tragedies: 哈姆莱特; 奥赛罗 ; 李尔王; 麦克白Shakespeare Sonnet :154 Three quatrain and one couplet, ababcdcdefefggA sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 li
2、nes, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme.III The 17th Century1. John Milton 约翰弥尔顿 16081674（诗人、政论家;失明后写 失乐园 、 复乐园 、 力士参孙 。 ）Epics: 失乐园 复乐园Dramatic poem: 力士参孙4 论出版自由为英国人民声辩 我的失明This sonnet is written in iambic pentameter rhymed in abba abba cde cde, typical of Italian
3、sonnet.Its theme is that people use their talent for God, and they serve him best sho can endure the suffering best.2. John Bunyan 约翰 班扬 16281688（代表作天路历程 ，宗教寓言，被誉为“具有永恒意义的百科全书” ，是英国文学史上里程碑式著作。与但丁的神曲 、奥古斯丁的忏悔录并列为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作。 ）Puritan poet(清教徒派诗人)Religionary Allegory:天路历程3. John Donne the Metaphysica
4、l poet(玄学派诗人).Metaphysical Poetry(玄学诗)：（用语）the diction is simple, the imagery is from the actual, (形式)the form is frequently an argument with the poets beloved, with god, or with himself.（主题：love, religious, thought）Artistic features:1. conceits or imagery 奇思妙喻2. syllogism 三段论 Meditations 沉思录The Fle
5、a 虱子 Songs And SonnetsHoly SonnetsValediction:IV The 18th Century：Enlightenment 同时为美国独立战争与法国大革命提供了框架，并且导致了资本主义和社会主义的兴起，与音乐史上的巴洛克时期以及艺术史上的新古典主义时期是同一时期。A revival of interest in the old classical works, order, logic, restrained emotion(抑制情感 ) and accuracyThe Age of Enlightenment/Reason: the movement wa
6、s a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th centries, a progressive intellectual movement, reason(rationality), equality Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Robert Southey1. William Wordsworth 威廉华兹华斯 17701850（与柯尔律治、骚塞同被称为“湖畔派” 诗人。 The Lake Poets） 抒情歌谣集 (with Samuel Taylor Coleridge) Theme:1.Nature
7、embodies human beings in their diverse circumstance. It is nature that give him “strength and knowledge fullof peace”2.It is bliss to recolled the beauty of nature in poet mind while he is in solitude.Comment:The poet is very cheerful with recalling the beautiful sights. In the poem on the beauty of
8、 nature, the reader is presented a vivid picture of lively and lovely daffodils(水仙) and poets philosophical ideas and mystical thoughts. Lines Composed A Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey The Solitary Reaper 孤独的割麦女 序曲2. Samuel Taylor Coleridge 塞缪尔 泰勒科尔律治 17721834The Lake Poets 古舟子颂 柯里斯塔贝尔 忽必烈汗Artistic f
9、eatures: mysticism, demonism with strong imagination, a strange territory 半夜冰霜 忧郁颂 抒情歌谣集 (with William Wordsworth)3. George Gordon Byron 乔治 戈登拜伦 17881824（拜伦式英雄 Byronic heroes 孤傲、狂热、浪漫，却充满了反抗精神。9内心充满了孤独与苦闷，却又蔑视群小。恰尔德哈罗德是拜伦诗歌中第一个“拜伦式英雄 ”。 ）“Byronic hero” is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble or
10、igin, against tyrannical rules or moral principles. 唐 璜恰尔德哈罗德尔游记该隐 当初我们俩分别 4. Persy Bysshe Shelley 波西比希 雪莱 17921822 Poetic Drama： 解放了的普罗米修斯Theme: the drama celebraies mans victory over tyranny and oppression 麦布女王伊斯兰的反叛钦契一家诗辩无神论的必要性 Lyrics: 西风颂Theme: The author express his eagerness to enjoy the boun
11、dless freedom from the reality. Compare the west wind to destroyer of the old who drives the last signs of life from the trees, and preserver of the new who scatter the seads shich sill come to life in the spring. This is a poem about renewal, about the wind blowing life back into dead things, imply
12、ing not just an arc of life (which would end at death) but a cycle, which only starts again when something dies.Comment: Percy Bysshe Shelleys “Ode to the West Wind“ is written in iambic pentameter. It contains five sonnet length stanzas, each with a closing couplet. The rhyming scheme form is aba b
13、cb cdc ded ee. The tone is poignant. Many will agree that this poem is an invocation for an unseen force to take control and revive life.Artistic features:Using rerza rima(三行诗 aba bcb cdc ded efe )致云雀5. John Keats 约翰济慈 17951821 (“美即是真，真即是美” 是他的著名诗句。 ) Four great odes: 希腊古瓮颂夜莺颂10心灵颂忧郁颂 秋颂Theme: The t
14、heme of John Keats poem, “To Autumn“, is that change is both natural and beautiful. The poem praises the glories of the fall season by using almost every type of imagery to both charm and appeal to the reader.Comment: The speaker in the poem acknowledges that time passes by, but also asserts that th
15、is change usually yields something new and better than what came before. Each of the poems three stanzas represents the evolving of two different types of change. One type of change shown in the poem is the change of periods in a day.6. Jane Austen 简奥斯丁 17751817She compared her works to a fine engra
16、ving upon a literary piece of ivory only inches squire. 理智与感情傲慢与偏见(chapter I)【Elizabeth Bennet & Darcy】in the end false pride is humbled and prejudice dissolved【Collins & Charlotte Lucas】see the reality of marriage as a necessary step if a woman is to avoid the wretchedness of aging spinsterhood【Lydia & Wickham】shown the dangers of feckless relationships unsupported by money.【Mr.&Mrs. Bennet, Mr. Collins, Lady Catherine de Burgh】comic characters曼斯菲尔德庄园爱玛诺桑觉寺劝导7. Walter Scott 沃尔特斯科特 17711832(历史小说之父”)Father of history novels 罗伯 罗伊
