1、1Unit 7trunk: n. 汽车后部的行李箱 - The small car has no trunk at its back.struggle with: have difficulty handling or coping with 费力地对付- We found the Smiths struggling with their car stuck in the mud.- The soldiers struggled with the enemies. groceries: n. (usu. pl) 食品杂货 - This small shop sells some groceri
2、es like salt, soy (酱油), spice (调味品), etc. locomotive: n. 机车 - The factory produces primarily diesel locomotives.horn: n. 喇叭 - The driver blew / sounded his horn when an old lady with her dog stepped in front of his car.nearby: ad. in the area close by; near 在附近 - Jack found a part-time job in the co
3、mpany nearby.- All the towns nearby were crowded with tourists during the holiday.- The man spoke softly to an old lady standing nearby. - 附近举行了一场足球赛。 A football game was played nearby. a. not far away 附近的- We stopped at some nearby shops to pick up some food.- He worked in a nearby shop. - He came
4、from a nearby village. a thumbs-up gesture thumbs-up n. 翘拇指（赞同或满意的表示）This is a sign that you make by making a fist and raising your thumb to show that you agree with someone, that you are happy with an idea or situation, or that everything is all right.- He gave me the thumbs-up.- Thumbs up for Engl
5、and team! They arrived home today after two good wins against strong European teams.echoed: v. repeat (anothers words, ideas, etc.) 重复 - They echoed their leaders every word.draw ones attention to: make sb. aware of and be concerned about sth. 引起（某人）注意- The article was intended to draw the publics a
6、ttention to environmental protection. - My teacher drew my attention to an error in the term paper.2- The mother tried to draw the babys attention to the toy. - 老师把学生的注意力吸引到她的身上。 The teacher drew the students attention to herself. steep: a. rising or failing sharply 陡峭的 - The castle is built on a st
7、eep hill.kneel: (knelt) vi. go down on the knees; rest on the knees 跪下；跪着 - Everyone in church knelt in prayer.freight: n. 1) the carrying of goods by some means of transport 货运 - The student sent his luggage by air freight. - This aircraft company deals with freight only; it has no passenger servic
8、e.2) the goods carried in this way 货物 - The truck was carrying five tons of freight. - 装运货物时，小心轻放。 The freight must be carefully handled when loading. overhead: a. above ones head; in the sky 在上头的；架空的 - She turned on the overhead light and looked around the room.signal: n. a sound or action understo
9、od to give a message - Chinese soldiers used to send smoke signals. - The dog stood by the river and waited for the signal to jump. v. send (sth. such as a warning or a message) by a light or an act / give a signal; express (sth.) in this way 发信号传达 - The student raised his hand, signaling to the tea
10、cher that he had finished his paper.- She signaled a passing taxi and asked him to take her to the railway station.- The thief signaled that the police were coming. - 警察示意司机把车开走。 The policeman signaled to the driver to move away. out of the way: at a distance from the usual route; in a state or cond
11、ition so as not to hinder (used after a verb) 远离，不碍事- Step out of the way and let me handle the stone. - The house is well out of the way on the back road.resume: vt. begin (sth. or doing sth.) again after a pause 重新开始，恢复- The search for the missing pilot is expected to resume early today. - Well st
12、op now and resume (working) at two oclock.- They stopped talking for a moment to see where the noise was coming from and then resumed their conversation.- He was ready to resume his duties. - The girl stopped for a while and resumed reading. - We resumed our work after a rest.3per: prep. for each 每
13、- How much do you earn per week? accelerator: n. 加速装置 - An accelerator is a device for increasing speed.conductor: n. (AmE) 列车员 - The conductor announced the name of each station.medium: a. coming halfway between; not extreme 中等的n. a means which can be used to express or communicate sth. 媒质，媒介- He i
14、s of medium height. mess around / about: (infml) spend time playing or doing things with no particular purpose b / (infml) do things in an aimless way; spend time playing 随意做事；闲荡- The kids spent all day Sunday just messing around.- The boy spent the whole summer just messing around. - 一些年轻人本应在工厂里工作但
15、是他们却一直在闲逛。 Some of the young men had been messing round when they should have been working in the factory. - He often likes to mess around with pals on days off. . youd better cool down.: . youd better stop spending so much time messing around. cool down: (cause to ) become calmer （使）冷静下来- She is so
16、 angry now. Just leave her to cool down and then talk to her. - 争论后，她过了很久才平静下来。 It took her a long time to cool down after the argument. CF cool cold chilly都为形容词，都含“温度低” ， “情绪不亢奋” ， “态度不合作”的意思cool 指温度：能保持客观、无偏见或能避免愤怒或狂喜的素质- It happened in a cool autumn day.事情发生在一个凉爽的秋日。- Keep cool when complaining.抱
17、怨时要保持冷静。cold 指温度：引起人们明显不适的零下或接近零下的温度；表示感情：一种冷淡的态度，或甚至怀有敌意- It is very cold in winter in Beijing.北京冬天很冷。- She seemed cold to me.她似乎对我很冷淡。chilly 指温度：表示 cool 和 cold 之间的空气和天气，凉得使你感到不舒服；表示感情：冷淡，不友好- I felt chilly after I walked out of the room.走出房间，我感到冷。4- The president was given a chilly welcome when he
18、 arrived in that country.总统到达那个国家时，受到冷遇。party animal: a sociable person who enjoys going o parties spot: vt. 1) see or recognize; pick out 看出，认出- Thank you for pointing out the error; I hadnt spotted it. - He left the house seconds before smoke was spotted coming up the stairs.- 走在街上，我看见了一个老朋友。 I sp
19、otted one of my old friends when I was walking on the streets. 2) mark with spots- She had two dogs, a yellow one and a spotted one. - She was wearing a white dress spotted with red. instant: n. moment, a very brief period of time / a moment or point of time c 片刻，瞬息 - The alarm bells started ringing
20、 and at the same instant all the lights went off.- The magician came to the stage with a bunch of flowers. And then, in an instant, the flowers turned into a bird. - All happened in a single instant. - He paused for an instant. the instant: as soon as - I tried phoning her the instant I got home.CF
21、moment instant minute都是名词，都含“片刻”、“瞬间”的意思moment 很短的时间，时间的持续性能清楚地意识到，但不能固定，无法计算- She was silent for only a moment.她只沉默了一会儿。- At that precise moment, my mother came into the room.就在那一刻，我母亲走进了房间。instant 强调特短的时间中的一点，短得无法让人注意到。多含紧急迫切、刻不容缓、瞬息变化之意- The traffic accident happened in an instant.交通事故一刹那间就发生了。mi
22、nute 指很短但可以计量的一段时间- The train will come in a minute.火车马上就来。- Why do you always leave things to the last minute?你为什么总把事情留到最后一刻再做？intently: ad. with great attention 专心地 - He does his homework intently after school every day.rag: n. 破布；抹布；(pl) 破旧衣服 - He was clad in rags. brake: n. 制动器，刹车 5- His brakes
23、failed on a slippery road.pull on: take hold of (sth.) and pull (it) with strength 用力拉扯，拉紧 - The child pulled on his mothers coat wanting to leave. - Sophia pulled on the rope, shouting “help.“ with all ones strength: with all ones power 使劲，用全力- With all his strength he removed the piano to the next
24、 room.- She opened the door with all her strength and ran out of the house. strength: n. the quality or degree of being strong- He tried to lift the barbell with all his strength.- 病人没有力气站起来。The patient hasnt got enough strength to stand up. blast: n. （汽笛等的）鸣叫 - The driver gave a blast on his horn.e
25、xplode: vi. 1) burst with a loud noise 爆发；爆炸- The clap of thunder exploded overhead, which frightened the child into crying. - A bomb exploded at one of Londons busiest railway stations this morning.- The boiler exploded and a big fire ensued. 2) increase suddenly or rapidly猛增 - The world population
26、 is exploding. 3) express strong feelings suddenly and violently （怒气等）猛烈地发作，爆发 - She explode with anger. - 学生们哄堂大笑。 The students exploded into laughter. sway: vi. (cause to) move or swing slowly from side to side （使）摇动；（使）摇摆- Trees swayed gently in the breeze.- The coastal highway is lined with tall
27、, swaying palm trees. - The tree swayed in the wind. flash: vi. 1) move very fast; produce a sudden bright light 飞驰，掠过；闪烁- It was a busy road; cars flashed by every few minutes. - An eagle flashed across the sky. - The cars flashed past. 2) appear or shine for a moment - The lights of the cars flash
28、ed at night. vt. cause (sth.) to shine briefly or suddenly - It is impolite to flash light in other peoples eyes. calculate: v. work (sth.) out using mathematics (find out by using numbers)计算6- Carrie has calculated that it would take five workers eight months to complete the job.- The cost of the d
29、amage caused by the recent flood has been calculated at/as over $5 million.- The scientists were busy calculating. - A girl first calculated the result. - 科学家计算出飞船什么时候能到达火星。 The scientists are able to calculate accurately when the spacecraft will reach the moon.CF calculate compute都是动词，都含“计算” ， “估算”
30、之意calculate 多用于科研、生产等需要精密计算之处，这种计算往往是复杂的- He must have calculated wrongly.他一定是算错了。compute 正式用语- It is difficult to compute the loss in revenue.很难算出收益损失。deceleration: n. 减速 - The harder the brake pedal is pressed, the greater the cars deceleration.groan: v. 呻吟 - The wounded man lay there groaning, wi
31、th no one to help him. thunderous: a. extremely loud 雷鸣似的；极响的 - His speech got thunderous applause.leap: (leapt or leaped) vi. jump 跳跃- The thief leaped from a window and escaped.- The instant he heard the baby crying Jordan leaped up from his chair and rushed into the room.- The little boy leaped o
32、ver the stream. - 祝英台跳入梁山伯的墓中，两人化成蝴蝶。 Zhu Yingtai leaped into Liang shanbos tomb, and the couple became butterflies. - The dog leapt over the fence. grab: vt. seize suddenly; take roughly and quickly 猛地抓取(seize with a sudden, rough movement) - A mugger grabbed my handbag as I was walking across the
33、park.- The man grabbed the boys arm to stop him from running into the road.- He grabbed me by the arm. - The man grabbed my bag and ran away. - He grabbed the coin and ran off. blade: n. 刀刃，刀身；刀片 - The blade of the knife is very keen.7loose: a. not firmly fixed in place; not tight 松散的- His tie was p
34、ulled loose and his collar hung open. It seemed that he was drunk. - When the teacher asked her to answer the question, the girl was idly pulling at a loose thread on her skirt.- One of your buttons is coming loose. - 你把手放在松了的门把上，它就会发出奇怪的声音。 The loose doorknob made strange sounds when you put your h
35、and on it. NB 注意与 lose 的区别lose 是动词，含“丢失” 、 “失去” 、 “迷路”等意思- I lost my money. 我把钱丢了。- I lost my way. 我迷路了。hammer: n. 榔头，锤 - The man picked up the hammer on the ground and hit the statue into pieces.crash: vi. 1) fall or strike suddenly, violently, and noisily 突然重重倒下- I heard the dinner tray crash to t
36、he floor.- Standing on the beach, I could hear the waves crashing against the rocks.- She angrily crashed the dinner tray on the floor. - 我喜欢站在海滩上，听海浪撞击岩石。 I like standing on the beach, hearing the waves crashing against the rocks. 2) have a violent and noisy accident 坠毁；碰撞- The plan crashed after i
37、t took off. - The car crashed on the tree, killing its driver. - The cars crashed into each other. n. 1) a violent vehicle accident - His mother was killed in a train crash. 2) a sudden loud noise as made by a violent fall, break - The crash of breaking glass woke him up. - After the lightning, I he
38、ard a terrific crash of thunder. reach out: stretch ones arm, usu. in order to get or touch (sth.) (often followed by infinitive to) 伸手抓- The mother reached out to grab her little boy but it was too late.- When he saw his former teacher, he reached out a hand in greeting.- The man reached out his ar
39、m and took my hand. - The mother reached out to grab her little boy but it was too late. He fell into the river. clear of: free from, not in contact with 离开；不接触- The man kept clear of his wife after the argument.- As soon as he was clear of the building he looked round. scrape: v. push or drag (sth.
40、) along a hard or rough surface 刮，擦- George drove too close to the wall and scraped the cars wing.8- To scrape potatoes is to scratch off their skins. instantly: ad. at once; immediately 立即，即刻 - I instantly recognized her.forehead: n. 前额 - He had a broad forehead. punch: vt. hit hard 猛击，用力击 - The yo
41、ung couple quarreled with each other. The wife punched her husband on the nose. - 那人被击中腹部。 The man was punched in the stomach. n. a quick strong blow made with the fist - Id like to give you a punch in the face. nylon: n. 尼龙 - nylon stockings / a nylon curtainfabric: n. 织物，织品；构造，结构 - She bought some
42、 fabric to make shirts from.horror: n. great fear or shock 恐惧，震惊- The crowd breathed in horror as the spacecraft exploded. - To her horror, she saw the boy fall from the ladder.- I screamed in horror when a wolf jumped over me. - 半夜听见敲门声，她的心中充满了恐惧。 She was filled with horror when she heard a knock a
43、t the door at midnight. CF fear dread horror panic作名词时都有“恐惧”之意fear 意义最广，同 dread， 都表示认为处于困境之中而产生的忧虑、焦急，还表示因缺乏勇气几近懦弱之意- She was brought up with no fear of insects.她从小不怕昆虫。- My fears were finally realized.我恐惧的事最终还是发生了。dread 表示因为某事将要或可能发生而产生的极度焦虑、恐惧的心理- They lived in the dread of being killed.他们生活在会被杀害的
44、恐惧之中。horror 表示因极度令人不快的情况而引起的令人战栗的憎恨、厌恶- To my horror there was a mouse in the room.令我恐惧的是，房间里有只老鼠。panic 表示非理性的、无缘由的恐惧、恐慌- The government didnt want to start a panic in the city.政府不想在城里引起恐慌。- These rumors spread panic.9这些谣言传播恐慌。up and down: higher and lower 一上一下地- When the Chinese womens football tea
45、m defeated the American team, the crowd jumped up and down and screamed excitedly.- My little daughter was jumping up and down on the sofa when I returned home from work.injure: vt. harm, hurt; damage 损害；伤害 (injury n.)- A bomb exploded in a quiet street, injuring three people and killing one.- The s
46、occer game was very fierce. One of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.- There were two people injured in the car accident. (Collocation: be badly/seriously/critically injured - Two people were badly injured in a road accident.)hug: vt. hold tightly in ones arms 紧抱 - He hugged his
47、 daughter. mask: n. 面具，面罩 - We all wore masks at the party and no one knew who we were.visible: a. that can be seen (often followed by to/from) 看得见的，可见的- These cells are not visible to the human eye.- The TV tower is just visible from my bedroom window.- The ship was visible from the sky. - 这些小生物肉眼很
48、难看见。 These tiny creatures are hardly visible to the eye. - The smoke from the fire was visible from the road. NB 反义词是 invisible- His legs were invisible beneath the table.他的腿放在桌子下看不见。twist: v. 1) turn round; revolve 转动- The instant they left, he twisted to try and get free of the ropes. - I twisted round in my s
