1、EDUCATIONSystempreschool education / pre-elementary education 学前教育elementary education / primary education 基础教育/小学教育secondary education 中等教育tertiary education / higher education 高等教育public education 公立教育private education 私立教育adult education / continuing education 成人教育/深造special education 特殊教育Schools
2、 day school / day nursery / preschool 日托所/托儿所kindergarten 幼儿园/学前班primary school / elementary school / grade school 小学(1-8 年级)grammar school 语法学校(1-6 年级)secondary school 中学(9-12 年级)high school 中学(10-12 年级)junior high school 初中(7-9 年级)senior high school 高中(10-12 年级)public school (英)私立学校(美)公立学校private
3、school 私立学校technical school 技校vocational school 职校boarding school 寄宿制学校night school 夜校adult school 成人进修学校alma mater 母校,校歌Colleges & Universitiesivory tower 象牙塔,高等学府(喻)college 专科学校,大学,学院state college (美)政府资助的州立大学junior college 两年制社区大学residential college 寄宿制大学community college 社区大学land-grant college 政
4、府资助的低学费大学university 综合大学multiversity 由学院、专科院校组成的大规模高等学校graduate school 研究生院polytechnic / poly (英)工艺技术高等院校Studentsflatmate / dormmate 室友undergraduate / undergrad 本科生graduate 毕业生,研究生postgraduate / graduate student 研究生freshman 大学或高中一年级新生sophomore 大学或高中二年级学生junior 大学或高中三年级学生senior 大学或高中四年级学生underclassma
5、n 大学一、二年级学生upperclassman 大学三、四年级学生alumnus / alumni (pl.) (美)校友(男)alumna / alumnae (pl.) (美)校友(女)exchange student 交换学生(留学生为主)overseas student 留学生fellow student 同学(美)领取奖学金的研究生TA / teaching assistant 助教(以研究生为主)peer adviser 高年级学生顾问floor senior 寝室楼负责人(高年级学生为主)student union officer 学生会工作人员president of stu
6、dent union 学生会主席vice-president of student union 学生会副主席intern 实习生Teaching Stafffaculty 院系,教职员工tutor / instructor (英)导师,家教(美)助教,讲师lecturer 讲师assistant professor 助理教授associate professor 副教授coordinator 课程协调老师school counsellor / adviser 指导老师,校顾问student teacher 实习教师(在校生)liaison officer 校联络人员departmental h
7、ead / chairperson 系主任dean (大学学院)院长principal / chancellor / university president (大学)校长headmaster / headmistress (中小学)校长Diploma & Degreecertificate 证书diploma 文凭,毕业证书degree 学位bachelors degree / undergraduate degree 学士学位masters degree 硕士学位doctorate 博士头衔B.A. / Bachelor of Arts degree 文学学士学位B.S. / Bachel
8、or of Science degree 理学学士学位M.A. / Master of Arts degree 文学硕士学位M. S. / Master of Science degree 理学硕士学位M.D. / Doctor of Medicine 医学博士Ph.D. / Doctor of Philosophy 博士postdoctoral 博士后(研究人员)honorary degree 荣誉学位Coursesacademic year 学年school calendar / school catalog / academic calendar 校历,大学情况一览year book 毕
9、业留念册term / semester 学期(一学期四个月,一学年两学期)quarter / trimester 学季(一学期三个月,一学年三学期)orientation 新生和老师的见面会course 课程(包括上课,作业,考试等)crash programme / intensive course 速成课程,强化课程major course / mandatory course 主修课程elective course / optional course 选修课程correspondence course 函授课程introductory course 基础入门课程core programm
10、e 核心课程syllabus 教学大纲curriculum 全部课程(集合)extracurricular 课外课程major 主修minor 辅修lecture 讲课,讲座tutorial (英)个别辅导课seminar 研讨会,研讨班课程field trip 实地考察课程internship 实习,见习Studies & Tests assignment / project 课外作业,工作任务presentation 陈述,口头作业essay / theme 论文,作文term papers 学期论文thesis 毕业论文dissertation 毕业论文(尤指博士)entrance ex
11、amination 入学考试assessment 评估achievement test / standardized test 标准化测试placement test 入学分级测试aptitude test 能力测试midterm test / midterm exam 期中考试final exam 期末考试open book exam 开卷考试multiple-choice test 选择题考试defense 论文答辩academic records / transcript 学术成绩,成绩报告research method 研究方法(写论文的前期准备)questionnaire 问卷调查i
12、nterview 访谈,采访in-depth case study 案例深入分析observation 观察研究(多用于科学实验)bibliography 参考文献,图书目录pass-fail 考查课,有及格分数线的考试credit system 学分系统,积分成绩Problems attendance 出勤,出席play hooky / play truant 逃课deadline 截止日期(交作业)extension 延期(无法按时交作业)academic dishonesty 学术欺诈行为plagiarism 剽窃,抄袭cheating 考试作弊double submission of
13、papers 试卷重复使用aiding and abetting dishonesty 协助学术欺诈fabrication 伪造成绩,捏造行为falsification of records 篡改成绩Fundingtuition fee 学费living expenses 生活费incidental expenses 学杂费grant 助学金stipend 固定生活津贴,固定奖学金scholarship (本科生)奖学金fellowship (研究生)奖学金financial aid / financial assistance 资助Campus Life accommodation 住宿ho
14、mestay 寄宿于当地人家里student hostel 学生公寓,学生宿舍dormitory 寝室room allocation 房间分配flat / apartment 公寓(出租给学生)on campus 住校off campus 不住校student union 学生会auditorium 大礼堂resource centre 资料中心gym 体育馆cafeteria 自助餐厅refectory 学院餐厅canteen 食堂common room (学校)休息室busing 校车接送student union 学生会fraternity (美)大学兄弟会enrollment 入学注册
15、registration 登记,报到commencement / graduation ceremony 毕业典礼reunion 校友联谊聚会House & HomeHouse & Buildingabode 住所dwelling 住处residence 住宅bungalow / ranch house 平房,小屋,农场房屋terraced houses / row houses 排房semi-detached house / duplex house 双户住宅block of flats / apartment building 公寓楼skyscraper 摩天大楼complex 综合建筑h
16、igh-rise 高层mansion 大厦villa 别墅greenhouse 温室,花房pagoda 宝塔pavilion 亭,阁hut 小屋,棚屋shanty 简陋小屋,棚屋Exterior Structurewing 楼房的侧翼,侧楼facade (建筑的)正面,外观TV aerial / TV antenna 电视天线chimney 烟囱tiled roof 用瓦平铺的屋顶dome 圆屋顶skylight 天窗French window 落地长窗bay window 凸窗windowsill 窗台gatepost 门柱archway 拱门,拱道porch 门廊,游廊balcony 阳台
17、veranda 门廊,阳台terrace 露台gateway 门前过道stairs / steps 台阶gutter 檐槽drainpipe 排水管garage 车库drive / driveway 私人车道,汽车道garden / yard 花园backyard 后院,后庭fence 篱笆,围栏hedge 树篱,篱笆dustbin / garbage can 垃圾箱fountain 喷泉Interior Structureattic 阁楼(可用做房间)loft 阁楼(多用于储藏)basement 地下室(可用做房间)cellar 地窖,酒窖fire door / fire escape 消防
18、逃生道storeroom 储藏室study 书房closet 壁橱,储藏室corridor 室内走廊floorboards 地板skirtboard / baseboard 踢脚板banister (楼梯的)扶手,栏杆Entrance Hallintercom 对讲装置lock 锁doormat 擦鞋垫spy hole / peep hole 猫眼chain-guard 防护链条door handle 门把手(长型)door knob 门把手(圆形)rack 架子coat-hanger 衣架umbrella stand 伞架chest 箱子Sitting Roomsitting room /
19、living room 起居室,客厅air-conditioner / AC 空调heater 加热器radiator 散热器fan 风扇carpet 地毯rug 小毯curtains / drapes 窗帘sofa / couch 沙发cushion 垫子armchair 扶手椅settee 有靠背的长椅stool 凳子bench 长凳子tea table / coffee table 茶几,咖啡桌ashtray 烟灰缸bookcase 书橱fireplace 壁炉stereo system 立体声音响speaker 音箱video cassette recorder / VCR 录象机pl
20、asma 等离子rear projector 背投remote control 遥控器vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器power point / outlet (电流)插座socket (灯泡)插口plug 插头switch 开关wall lamp 壁灯floor lamp 落地灯pot plant / house plant 盆栽植物ornament 装饰品Bedroomsingle room 单人房double bedroom / twin room 标房,双床房single bed 单人床double bed 双人床folding bed 折叠床king-size bed 特大床
21、queen-size bed 大床wardrobe 衣橱chest of drawer 衣柜,五斗橱dressing table / dresser 梳妆台bedside lamp 床头灯mattress 床褥,床垫bedside cabinet 床头柜bed-linen 床上用品sheet 被单quilt 被子duvet 羽绒被tick 被套blanket 毯子pillow 枕头pillow case 枕头套Dining Roomdining table 饭桌dining chair 餐椅place mat / table cloth 台布plate 餐盘bowl 碗tureen 汤碗win
22、eglass 酒杯saucer 茶托dining set 餐具glassware 玻璃器皿silverware 银器china 瓷器coffee set 咖啡用具pitcher 水罐teapot 茶壶sugar bowl 糖钵salt shaker 盐瓶candlestick 烛台knife 刀fork 叉spoon 调羹soup ladle 汤勺serviette / napkin 餐巾,围脖Kitchenkitchen ventilator 抽油烟机cupboard 碗橱fridge / refrigerator / freezer 冰箱cooker / stove 炉灶microwave
23、 oven 微波炉toaster 烤炉,烤面包机dishwasher 洗碗机mixer / blender / liquidiser 搅拌机whisk 搅拌器kettle 水壶squeezer 榨汁机can opener / tin opener 开瓶器corkscrew 拔软木塞的起子detergent 洗洁精sink 洗涤槽peeler 削皮机grater 擦菜板,磨碎器funnel 漏斗sieve / skimmer 漏勺,过滤器grill / broiler 烤架chopping board / cutting board 切菜板,砧板rolling pin 擀面棍cleaver 切肉刀vegetable knife 切菜刀tap / faucet 水龙头Bathroom & Toiletbath 浴室bathroom tile 浴室瓷砖toilet 盥洗室,马桶flush / toilet / lavatory 抽水马桶shower cubicle 淋浴房shower 莲蓬头shower curtain 浴帘water heater / boiler 热水器washing machine 洗衣机drier 干衣机hair-drier 吹风机mirror 镜子basin 脸盆toothbrush 牙刷toothpaste 牙膏towel 毛巾