1、 1Unit 1重要单词，词组讲解1. mean 的用法What do you mean to do with it? I didnt mean to hurt you.1）mean to do 意欲做This means staying here longer. Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 2）mean doing 意味着做He is not meant for a teacher and will always be unhappy in the school.Be meant for 适合做他说他不适合读书因为懒。H
2、e says he _ a student for his laziness.这次考试失败意味着要再考一次。Failing this exam _ another one.我并不是故意迟到的。I didnt _ be late for school.2. celebrate vt.(1) 庆祝；祝贺celebrate Christmas / ones birthday / a victory (成功)(2) 赞扬；称颂The names of many heroes are celebrated by the poets.词语辨析：celebrate, congratulatecelebrat
3、e 后常接日期,事情或场合congratulate 后常接人表示为某事而祝贺某人 congratulate sb. on/upon sth. ex：congratulate you on your marriage. 有时还表示私自庆幸的意思。ex：I congratulated myself on my escape from being punished. 3. 英语中表示“发生”的词或短语均为不及物，不用于被动语态。主语为所发生的事。词语辨析：take place, happen, occur, come about, break out 的比较1）The wedding will ta
4、ke place tomorrow.2）In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China. take place 发生,举行; 侧重安排或计划而发生的事 ,带有“ 非偶然”的意思 3) What has happened to her？碰巧，恰好happen “发生”，普通用词，含义很广。常指具体客观事物或情况的发生，含有“偶然”的意味。当以具体事物、事件作主语时，happen 和 occur 可以换用；但当 happen 用作“碰巧”之意时，不能用 occur 代替，但可以与 come about 互换。4) It happened to r
5、ain that day. 5) The traffic accident occurred on Wednesday.2occur “发生，出现”,较正式用词，指事情偶然地、意外地发生或思想突然浮在心头。occur to 有“想起”的意思。6) The Second World War broke out in 1939.break out (火灾、战争、疾病)突然发生、爆发7) How does it come about that you were caught by the police? come about “发生”, 往往注重事情发生的原因。且很多时候与 how 连用。与 hap
6、pen 用法较接近 用 take place , happen 和 come about 的正确形式填空1. The May 4th Movement _ in 1919.2. If anything _ to the machine, let me know at once.3. The opening day of the play _ tomorrow night.4. Can you tell me how it _?4. starve: vt.使饿死vi.饿得要死 starve to deathbe starved of/ starve for: 渴望她很寂寞，渴望友谊：She is
7、 lonely, starving for friendship.The motherless children were starved of/ were starving for affection. 渴望母爱他们在沙漠中迷路而饿死。他们正急需一大笔钱来完成工作。They got lost in the desert and _.They are _ a sum of money to finish their work.n. starvation 饿死：die of _5. a year/ day of plenty 富裕/丰收的年月days/ years of plentyHave w
8、e got enough apples?Yes, there are plenty in the basket.plenty of +复数 n/ 不可数 nplenty of eggs/ food/milk 足够的6. honour1) 光荣，荣誉(n) They fight for the honour of the country.One must show honour to ones parents.2) in honour of 为了纪念A festival is set in honour of the hero.3) an hounour 光荣的人或事情Liu Xiang is
9、an honour to our country.4) 尊敬 ,给以荣誉（v） Children should honour their parents.7. satisfy Vt. Vi. 使满意，使满足3Nothing can satisfy him except the best.Some people are really hard to satisfy.sb.be satisfied with 对满意e.g. Shes not satisfied with her new house.令人满意的： satisfying, satisfactory满意：satisfaction8. p
10、lease Vt 使愉快，取悅It is difficult to please everybody.Our aim is to please the customers.pleased (人) 高兴的愉快的Pleasing (物) 令人愉快的pleasant (物) 好听的，令人舒服的pleasure 高兴的事情听到她悦耳的声音我们很高兴.We are _ to hear her _voice. It is such a _ to us.I was very _ to hear the news.The news was very _ to us.9. harm n 损害，伤害e.g. He
11、 meant no harm to you. ( He didnt intend to hurt you.)do sb harm =do harm to sb=harm sbThe events has harmed the relations between the two countries. 10. They offer food, flowers and gift. 词语辨析：offer, provide, supply offer 主动提供。 offer sth to sb; offer sb sthprovide 供给（所需物，尤指生活必需品） 。 provide sth (for
12、 sb); provide sb with sth.supply: 供应（所需要或所要求之物） 。supply sth to sb; supply sb with sthWhen I meet difficulty, my roommates will_me help. 他们悬赏找回丢失的珠宝。They_a reward for the return of the lost jewels. 政府得提供这些老人们吃穿。 The government need to_these old people with food and clothes. 每个月都得供应足够的电。 Electricity s
13、hould be _enough every month. 11. in memory of = to the memory of sb The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.in honor of in charge of 4in search of sb. / sth. 12. dress up 盛装打扮，化装打扮 You dont have to dress up. Come as you are.Children love dressing up in Halloween.dress oneself 给某人自己穿衣
14、dress sb 给某人穿衣服你认识穿着白色裙子的那个女孩吗？Do you know the girl who is dressed in a white skirt?Do you know the girl who is wearing a white skirt?Do you know the girl who has on a white skirt?选词填空：wear dress have on put on1. My daughter is now able to herself.2. Mr. Wu always a blue coat in Winter.3.Xiao Wang a
15、 white shirt today.4.I like to my hat when I go out in Winter.13. award n. 奖品，奖项，奖金, 助学金 She showed us the awards she had won.Mary got an award and was able to finish her study.vt. 授予裁定award sb sth= award sth to sb The judges awarded both teams equal points.reward 回报, 报酬他因为努力学习而受奖。他用 100 块钱酬谢这个工人。He
16、 _ for studying hard.He _ the worker with 100 yuan.14. admire sb/sth (for )钦佩，羡慕They admired our garden.I admire him for his success in business.我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。We all _his courage and bravery.admiration 名词 admirable 形容词15. look forward to(介词) + n/ v-ing 盼望，期待Im looking forward to his coming.以下短语中的 to
17、也为介词，后面加 doing，而不是 dopay attention to 注意 devoteto 致力于prefer to 更加喜欢 get down to 开始做be used to 习惯于-ward 向着方向5backward 向后forward 向前16. as though= as if 好像，仿佛1. 虚拟语气(从句所用的时态比前面真实句所用的时态倒退一个时态.)He behaved as if/ though nothing had happened.He talks as if/though he knew everything.He looks as if he were i
18、ll.2. 陈述语气（表示很可能的事实就用陈述语气,)It looks as if/ though it is going to rain.1.）他向我招手好像有事情告诉我。He waved to me as if to tell me something.2.） 这女孩环顾四周好像在找什么东西。The girl looked around as if in search of something.3.) 他说起来好像他是一个专家似的。He talks as if he _ an expert.4.) 他英语讲得很流利，就像在英国学的一样。He spoke English so fluentl
19、y as if he _ it in England.5.) 看起来我们对要赢了。It looks as if our team _.17. turn up1) appear 出现,露面 他到目前还没有出现。He _so far.你总是迟到!(做事慢慢吞吞的)Youre always _ late for everything!2)调大声音，把.开大点儿请把火调大一点。Please _ the fire.相关短语:turn down 关小，拒绝turn off 关掉turn on 打开 turn out 结果是turn to sb. for help 向某人求助18. keep ones wo
20、rd 守信用, 遵守诺言break ones word 违背诺言in a word 简言之in other words 换句话说have a word with sb. 与某人交谈have words with sb. (about sth.) 关于某事与某人争吵我想和你谈一下。Id like to _ with you.6A gentleman should always _ his _.A. keeps; wordB. keep; wordC. keeps; wordsD. keep; words19. hold ones breath 屏息当那个女孩看到那条蛇的时候，她屏住呼吸。The
21、girl _ at the sight of the snake. take breath 呼吸lose ones breath= be out of breath 喘不过气来breathe v. breath n.When we got to the top of the mountain, we were nearly _. A. under our breath B. lost our breath C. caught our breath D. out of breath20. apologize 道歉apologize to sb for (doing) sth= say sorry
22、 to sb for doing sth你必须为你的粗鲁行为向老师道歉。You must apologize _ the teacher _ being so rude. apology n.make an apology to sb for (doing) sth.21. drown (drowned, drowned )浸、泡, 淹没,淹死洪水淹没了街道和房子。The floods _ the streets and houses.借 消愁drown ones sorrow/sadness indrown ones sorrow/sadness in coffeeFrank tried t
23、o save the _ girl in the river, but unfortunately he was _.A. drowned; drowning B. drowning; drownedC. drowned; drowned D. drowning; drowning22. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.obvious adj. 明显的， 清楚的It + be + obvious +that-clauseIt was obvious that
24、she was in danger.723. wipe (wiped, wiped)Vt 擦，擦去 wipe off 抹掉，擦掉 wipe up 擦干净，歼灭The students on duty _ the blackboard during break.A. Wiped the words off B. washed C. Cleaned D. A and Cclean the blackboard wipe the words off the blackboard24. remind sb. of sth 提醒某人某事remind sb. to do sthremind sb. tha
25、t1) 他提醒我那个承诺。He reminded me of my promise.2) 他提醒我要早起。He reminded me to get up early.3) 他提醒我本应该小心点。He reminded that I should have been more careful.25. As Li Fang set off for home, he thought.set off: 动身, 出发; (侧重去某一个地方） ； 使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸; Tom and his father set off for America yesterday. The bomb set off
26、among the crowd.相关短语：set about doing sth. = set out to do sth 着手（做某事）26. 用 custom, practice 和 habit1） I have the _ of getting up early.2） It is the _ for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall.3） Social _ differ from country to country.4） He makes a _ of cheating at examinati
27、ons.5） We should pay _ when we import from abroad.#.custom 指传统风俗、习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接不定式。#.practice 习俗，惯例; 与 custom 近义，但含贬义。make a practice of 惯常做某事。#.habit 生活习惯，后接 of doing, 不可接不定式。选词填空：worldwide/ permission/ apologize/ drown/sadness/ wipe/weep / forgive/ obvious/ turn up/ keep ones word/ hold ones breath
28、/ set off/ remindof1) You shouldnt tell such lies.82) They entered the area without .3) The poor man is his sorrows.4) His fame is .5) The man should to you for knocking you down.6) He cant himself for not seeing his mother before she died.7) He is always waiting for something to .8) The children ar
29、e fireworks in the garden.9) You may depend on what he says, for he is a person who always .10) The race was so close that everyone was at the finish.11) The film him what he had seen in China.选用下列单词的正确形式填空：ancestor belief gather agricultural admire award starve mean1. She has been a_ a scholarship
30、to study at Harvard.2. The a_of whom I am proudest is my great grandfather.3. When a boy leaves college and begins to earn money, he can live a life of i_.4. Dark clouds were g_in the sky. Heavy rain would come soon.5. I like to take some e_ exercise at weekends.6. A_ in this country has developed g
31、reatly after liberation.用下列短语造句：in memory of dress up as if play a trick on look forward to day and night have fun with1. A celebration was held _ (为了纪念这位著名的作家).2. Children love _ (打扮) .3. The naughty students _ (正在和他们的老师玩恶作剧).4. I am _ (盼望着见到他 ).5. The three men took turns driving the truck, and _
32、(他们夜以继日地驾驶了三天).6. It looks _ _ (好像他们都很着急).7. At the Spring Festival in China, people love to get together to eat, drink and _ (彼此都玩得很开心).语法：情态动词情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 情态动词的语法特征1） 情态动词 不能单独做谓语，除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接不带 to 的不定式
33、。 2） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词，如 can、will 也有一般式9和过去式的变化。3） 情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。can, could 和 be able to 的用法1.can, be able to 都可表示“能力”Can 的主语是人或物,be able to 的主语是人 She can/be able to sing the song in English.This machine can make you feel comfortable.2.can 只用于
34、现在式和过去式 (could)。be able to 可以用于各种时态。 Well be able to finish the work soon.I havent been able to see the film.could 用于表示泛指过去的能力。如： I could read when I was four. Although the soldier was badly wounded, he was able to tell what had happened.She ran fast but she couldnt /wasnt able to catch the bus.3.表示
35、特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用 could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. He was able to swim halfway before he got tired. 4.could 不表示时态 ,表示委婉的请求， （注意在回答中不可用 could） 。 Could I have a look at your notebook?Yes, you can./No, you cant. 5.表示“惊异,怀疑,不相信”的态度(主要用于否定句,疑问句和感叹句中)
36、Can this news be true?How can you be so foolish? It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill.6.表示推测，译为“可能、或许” ，can 常用于否定句 (意思是“ 不可能已经“) 和疑问句；could 除用于否定句及疑问句外,还可用于肯定句(意思是“ 那时可能;本来可以“)。Linda didnt catch the train. She could have caught it. Dont worry. They could have just forgotten to phone. may 和 might 1. m
37、ay 和 might 用于一般问句中表示委婉的请求,肯定回答用 may,否定用 mustnt-May I use your pencil?-Yes, you may./ No, you mustnt.2. may 和 might 表示“可能性”, may/might + v 指现在或将来可能发生的动作情况。might 暗示的可能性更小 She may not be working now. John might be at home now.3.对过去发生的事情的可能性作出判断用 may/might have done,用 might 比用may 的可能性更小 10She may/might
38、have gone to the cinema. They may/might not have received our telephone.4.may 放在句首祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! May God bless you! Will 和 would1.will 和 would 表示意愿、意志，可用于各种人称If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy. I promised that I would do my best.2.在疑问句中,will 用于第二人称,表示请求或征求意见,would
39、则语气更委婉Will you tell him the news as soon as he comes back？ Would you please speak again more slowly？shall ,should 和 ought to1.shall 用于第二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。You shall do as I say. (命令) Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. (允诺) Nothing shall stop me doing it. (决心) 2.在疑问句中,用于第一、三人称，用来表示请求或征求意见
40、。Shall I open the window for you？（征求意见） Shall he fetch some water for you？（请求）3. should 常表示劝告、建议、命令，与 ought to 意义相近，但 ought to 多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。在疑问句中通常用 should 代替 ought to。Young people should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go.4.should/ought to have done 表示
41、责备或批评,意为“本应该做到但没有做到”,用于否定则表示“本不该但”ought to 的语气更强烈.You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier. She shouldnt have left without saying a word.must 和 have to1.Must 用于一般问句中 ,肯定回答用 must 否定式用 neednt 或 dont have to，做“不必”,mustnt 表示“禁止，不允许” Must I finish all assignments at a time? Yes, you must.No, y
42、ou neednt. You mustnt get down while the car is still moving. 2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must 和 have to 稍有区别。must 着重说明主观看法，have to 强调客观需要。另外，have to 能用于更多时态。 I dont like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.3.must 表示对某人某事的猜测， 作“准是” ， “一定” ，一般用于肯定句中。对过去发生的事情作肯定判断用 must have done
