1、 2015 中考英语阅读理解解题技巧及配套试题（转载自北京中考网）(三)阅读下面短文，然后回答文后问题。Taking exams always makes me nervous.What about you? Here are some suggestions that my friend offers me.Preparing for examsThe most important part of preparing for an exam is to know what to study.Review subjects youve spent a long time on during c
2、lasses，look through what you were asked to read and topics of essays and homework，or ask your teachers to see if they can give a few suggestions.Once you know what to study，the next is to know how to study.Arriving at an examHow you arrive at an exam will decide how you take your exam.Be sure to arr
3、ive：Early.With a full stomach.Well rested.With all the things you will need for the exam.Having your own exam habitsBefore you begin your exam，be sure to：Set up your things close by.Put your name and other identification information on your exam-answer sheet.Read all the directions.Make a brief plan
4、 about how you will divide your time between sections.Take a few deep breaths every time you feel nervous.If you prepare well for your exam，arrive confidently and settle in before you begin.Dont spend more time on a question that you should unless youre ahead of schedule(时间表).根据短文内容，回答下面的问题。1.What i
5、s the most important before you take an exam?_2.Should you arrive at an exam early or on time?_3.What should you do if you feel nervous just before an exam?_4.How would you feel if you got everything ready?_答案分析：1.to know what to study 根据建议一可知，考前最重要的就是要知道学什么。2.Early 根据建议二可知，考试时要提前到。3.Take a few deep
6、 breaths 根据建议三可知，考前紧张是要深吸一口气，能缓解紧张的心情。4.Confident.根据短文内容可知，一切准备就绪，你就会很自信。三、题材分析(一)家庭、朋友与个人情况在中考阅读理解中，记叙文阅读题目的考查难度逐年增加，多使用贴近学生生活的素材，多以故事形式出现。针对这种题型主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人物和事件的起因、发展和结果，以及人物之间的关系，从中分析他们的思想品质、性格特征等;理解文章大意后，找出关键的句子和一些与考查内容有关的问题所在，这样，便于我们解题时“顺藤摸瓜”，找出问题的答案。这类阅读一般是对文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的关键句和关键词是非常重要的。做题思
7、路：先看清题干，带着问题读文章，明确把握问题指向，避免“回视”现象，提高做题的速度。例如：1990 was a significant year in world events.In February，Nelson Mandela was set free after 27 years in prison.In October，East and West Germany became one country again.Then at the end of 1990，the World Wide Web was born.For this final event we have one man
8、 to thank，Tim Berners Lee，the father of the Web.Berners Lee was born on June 8，1955 in London，England.His parents，both computer designers，encouraged him to think and work creatively as he grew up.He was an excellent student and naturally took an interest in computers and science.After graduating fro
9、m Oxford University，Tim went to work at a science research centre in Switzerland.There he developed some of the different systems that would later become the Web.The first was HTML，the computer language used to make web pages.The second was an address system that let computers anywhere find each oth
10、er and send and receive information.In 1990，while still at the science centre in Switzerland，he put them together to make the first Internet browser(浏览器).It could run on any computer and allowed people to creat website to share their information with the rest of the world.Tim knew that the more peop
11、le used the Web，the more useful it would be.He wasnt interested in money but knowledge，so he gave out his invention for free to anyone who was interested.Many were interested and the growth of the Internet began.Today Tim works as a professor at the MIT in America，researching new and interesting way
12、s to use the Web.He has received many awards from governments and organizations for his efforts.He is still not very interested in money.That is why he is so admired by his students and workmates.It may also be one of the reasons that few people outside the world of technology know his name.阅读短文，根据短
13、文内容选择最佳答案。( ) 1.The underlined word “significant“ (in Paragraph 1) most probably means “_“.A.strange B.terrible C.important D.difficult( ) 2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.The address system was used to make web pages.B.The World Wide Web was created in Switzerl
14、and.C.The first web browser was very expensive to buy.D.Many people could use the Internet before 1990.( ) 3.What can we learn about Berners Lee from the passage?A.He was encouraged to be creative.B.He didnt do well at school.C.He is a very poor businessman.D.He is well known all over the world.( )
15、4.Where does Berners Lee live today?A.England. B.Switzerland. C.America. D.Canada.( ) 5.What is the passage mainly about?A.The events that took place in 1990.B.The history of the Internet.C.The invention of the Internet browser.D.The man who created the Word Wide Web答案解析：1.C 根据第一段第三、四句话可知，发生在 1990 年
16、的世界事件：东西德统一，World Wide Web 的诞生。由此我们不难推测出，significant 是指“重要，重大”。故选 C。2.B 根据第三段“.an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and send and receive information.”可知选项 A 与此不符;根据第四段可知，Tim 只对知识感兴趣而对金钱并不感兴趣，因此他免费贡献出他的发明 web browser，故选项 C 不正确;根据第一段，我们知道 web 是在 1990 年诞生的，因此 1990 年前，人们不可能使用 we
17、b，故排除 D。所以正确答案为 B。3.A 根据第二段可知，Tim 学习成绩优秀，故排除 B;文中没有提 Tim 是个商人，故排除 C;根据最后一段最后一句话“.few people outside the world of technology know his name.”可知 Tim 并非世界闻名，故排除 D。根据文中第二段“.encouraged him to think and work creatively.”可知正确答案为 A。4.C 根据最后一段第一句可知 Tim 现在住在美国。5.D 这篇文章主要介绍的是 Web 之父 Tim Berners Lee. ：2015 中考英语阅
18、读理解解题技巧及配套试题，更多 2015中考备考资料、中考经验等信息，请及时关注北达教育中考网！(二)学校生活与语言学习校园生活与语言学习是中考阅读理解考查的一个热点话题，一方面与学生生活、学习、交流等息息相关;另一方面，来自社会，紧贴社会生活，具有一定的时代感和现实意义。这类话题多是说明文，做题时要注意说明的对象、内容及说明方法。这类题要注意每段话的开头部分，整体把握材料信息。做题思路：把握信息，找出题眼，梳理信息，进行解答问题。When you see the girl for the first time，you may think she is a boy.She is very ou
19、tgoing(外向的).Who is she? Wang Meng，the Chinese top skater.On the evening of February 26th，2010，Wang Meng first got to the finishing line in 1 minute and 29.213 seconds in the womens 1000 meters short track speed skating final(短道速滑决赛) at the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games(温哥华冬奥会).After she succeeded i
20、n the 500-metre and 3000-metre races，she won her third gold medal this time.With this one China won four gold medals in the womens short track speed skating.That helped China first win the team gold medal in Winter Olympics history.Just before the final race Wang Meng caught a bad cold and coughed t
21、erribly.With the words of “You can，you can do!“ she won at last.She said，“I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team，to China.It was with the help of my team that I won the prize.“Though Wang Meng is only twenty-four，she has been the most successful Chinese skater.We are proud of her an
22、d her team.We hope she will be faster in Sochi Olympics in 2014.阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。( ) 1.China won gold medals in the womens short track speed skating.A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5( ) 2.It took Wang Meng 1 minute and 29.213 seconds to finish the short track speed skating final.A.womens 1000 B.mens 1000C.womens 500
23、 D.mens 500( ) 3.In Wang Mengs opinion，made her win the prize at last.A.a strong body B.a bad coldC.her teams help D.much exercise( ) 4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Wang Meng is very outgoing like a boy.B.Wang Meng is the most successful Chinese skater.C.Chinese peop
24、le are proud of Wang Meng and her team.D.China has got the team gold medal twice in Winter Olympics history.答案解析1.C 由第二段倒数第二句“With this one China won four gold medals.”可知正确答案为 C。2.A 由第二段第一句“.Wang Meng first got to the finishing line in 1 minute and 29.213 seconds in womens 1000 meters.”可知正确答案为 A。3.C
25、 由第一段最后两句“I really feel these three gold medals belong to my team. with the help of my team that I won the prize.”可知由于团队的帮助她才获得了成功，故正确答案为 C。4.D 由第二段最后一句“That helped China first win the team gold medal.”可知 D 项的表述是错误的。(三)天气与自然随着社会经济的快速发展，社会和谐已提上日程，天气与自然环境很快就成为人们关注的话题之一。此类话题多是说明文和议论文。这就要求我们了解说明文和议论文的特点
26、，这样才能对问题进一步地分析和解读，才能自觉地完成命题要求，取得高分。解题思路：把握该类话题的特征，对所给信息进行归纳整合例如：Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆).They can happen any time of a day，at any point during the year.When an earthquake is happening，you should know what you should do or not do.Do NOT go outside.You could get injured from falling glas
27、s or parts of buildings.If you are outside，stay away from buildings and power lines(输电线).Stay under a desk，table，or other strong furniture.Hold on to it.Or stay in a corner of the building.Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing.Stay inside until shaking
28、 stops and it is safe to go outside.Keep away from windows，pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building，and anything else that could fall and hurt you.Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake，not by the shaking itself.Also keep away from a fire.You could fall down and
29、 burn yourself on the fire.If you are driving when an earthquake happens，stop the car if its safe.Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops，and dont drive near bridges.Try not to stop by power lines or trees.These could fall and hurt you.阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。( ) 1.It isnt safe for you to _ while
30、the earthquake is happening.A.run out of the buildingB.stay in a corner of the buildingC.cover your head with your armsD.cover your mouth with a towel( ) 2.From this passage，we know _.A.many people fear earthquakesB.earthquakes maybe happen at any timeC.we cant save ourselves in an earthquakeD.peopl
31、e never get injured in earthquakes( ) 3.The best title for this passage should be “_“.A.How Earthquakes HappenB.How to Drive a CarC.What We Should Do in EarthquakesD.Why Earthquakes Happen答案解析1.A BCD 三项在第三段可找到答案;根据第二段内容可知 A 项的做法是不安全的，故正确答案为 A。2.B 根据第一段前两句可知，地震可能随时会发生，故 B 项为正确答案。3.C 通过全文可知本文主要是在介绍发生地
32、震时，我们应该采取哪些措施才能使自己避免受伤，故正确答案为 C。(四)历史与地理本话题在中考中所占比例不多，在历史方面要注意历史事件发生的时间、地点、原因以及有何影响等，而对地理知识的考查，一般多与旅游观光等内容相结合，这就要求我们了解各地的名胜古迹、遗址等。解题思路：熟悉文章，找准问题关键所在，提高解题速度和质量。 ：2015 中考英语阅读理解解题技巧及配套试题，更多 2015中考备考资料、中考经验等信息，请及时关注北达教育中考网！例如：On February 3rd，1949，New York Harbor(港) was an exciting place.Many people were
33、 there to greet a ship from France.On the ship were 49 French railroad boxcars(火车车厢) filled with gifts from the people of France to the people of America.These boxcars were from the famous Merci Train (Merci，a French word meaning “thank you“).After world War (二战)，a lot of factories，roads and farms i
34、n France had been destroyed.Many French people had no jobs or money and had little to wear and little to eat.In the winter of 1947，a train was sent across the United States，stopping in cities and towns along the way.At every stop，people gave whatever they could.Factories gave clothing and medicine.F
35、armers gave food.Families gave money.Even school children gave away their pocket money(零用钱).All the things were then taken to France by ship.By 1949，the French had begun to recover(恢复) from the war.The Merci Train was their way of saying “thank you“ to America.French people had filled the boxcars wi
36、th gifts.Most of them were personal，like hand-made toys，childrens drawings，or postcards.But the boxcars themselves were perhaps the most meaningful of the gifts.On each car，the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces，with an American eagle on the front.The boxcars were taken
37、 to each state of America，where they were warmly greeted.Now many of the states still keep their boxcars.Gifts sent by the French people can still be seen in some museums.The Merci Train came out of the war，but it now reminds the world that countries can also work together in peace(和平).阅读短文，根据短文内容选择
38、最佳答案。( ) 1.Many people crowded at New York Harbor on February 3rd，1949 to _.A.welcome the Merci TrainB.meet their familiesC.have a big partyD.start a trip by ship( ) 2.In 1947，a train stopped in cities across America in order to _.A.give away clothing and foodB.get more soldiers for the warC.collect
39、 things to help French peopleD.show exhibitions from the museums( ) 3.The underlined word “them“ in Paragraph 3 refers to(指) _.A.the American peopleB.the French peopleC.the boxcarsD.the gifts( ) 4.The French people painted their 40 provinces and an American eagle on each boxcar because _.A.they thou
40、ght France was stronger than AmericaB.it could show the friendship between the two countriesC.the boxcars would be more beautifulD.they were very good at painting pictures( ) 5.The passage is mainly about _.A.the story of the Merci TrainB.American museums where the boxcars are keptC.gifts that Ameri
41、can people likedD.World War 答案解析1.A 根据第一段内容我们可知许多人来到 New York Harbor 的目的是为了欢迎来自法国的 Merci Train，故正确答案为 A。2.C 根据“At every stop，people gave whatever they could. All the things were then taken to France by ship.”可以推测出正确答案为 C。3.D 根据第三段第三句和第四句的 personal，like hand-made toys.”可知 them 指代的是 gifts，故正确答案为 D。4.B
42、 根据“.the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces，.where they were warmly greeted.”可以推测出正确答案为 B。5.A 通过文章内容我们可知整篇文章都是围绕 Merci Train 来写的，故正确答案为 A。(五)社会万象在中考阅读理解中，本话题包括的题材很多，它们来自生活，来自社会，针对这些题材要求抓住关键的句子和一些与考查内容有关的问题所在，这样便于我们解题时“顺藤摸瓜”，找出问题的答案。这种题型一般是对文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的关键句和关键词是非常重要的。解
43、题思路：看清题干，明确把握问题指向，带着问题读文章，避免“回视”现象，提高做题的速度，提高解题质量。例如：In most cultures，when you meet people you know for the first time during a day，it is usual to greet them.Once a young woman from England went to Hong Kong to work.When she first arrived，she knew little about the Chinese culture of language.On her
44、way to school one day，she went to a bank to get some money.To her surprise，the bank clerk asked her if she had had her lunch.She was surprised at such a question because in the British culture it would mean an invitation to lunch.Between unmarried young people it can also mean the young mans interest in dating the girl.Since this bank clerk was a stranger to the British wom
