1、 9A Unit 6 英语语法直接引语变为间接引语(宾语从句)一、直接引语变成间接引语的几个例子: The teacher told us, “The earth is round.”The teacher told us (that) the earth is round.(2)Tom said to me yesterday, “ I like reading books.”Tom told me yesterday (that) he likes reading books. Lily told me, “ I want to go shopping.”Lily told me (tha
2、t) she wanted to go shopping.(4) He asked me ,“who is the woman ?”He asked me who the woman was . (5) I asked Tom, “ Where does John live?“ I asked Tom where John lived.(6)I asked Lucy, “Are you watching TV?”I asked Lucy if she was watching TV . (7)He asked me, “Do you have any paper?”He asked me if
3、 I had any paper.二、根据以上的例子归纳1.宾语从句定义:宾语从句是指在复合句中主句的宾语由一个完整的句子来充当,这个句子叫宾语从句。2 直接引语改为间接引语(宾语从句)的方法:(特别要注意时态、语序、人称变化三个方面)陈述句作宾语从句常由 that 来引导,口语中 that 常省略) (如(1) (2) (3) )特殊疑问句作宾语从句常由特殊疑问词(who/what/where 等)来引导,而且必须用陈述句语序。 (如(4)(5))一般疑问句作宾语从句,常由 if / whether 来引导,而且也必须用陈述句语序。 (原来问句中的 any 不能改成 some) (如(6)
4、(7) )时间副词要发生相应的变化:直接引语(Direct speech) 间接引语(Report speech)now thentoday that daytonight that nightthis morning /week that morning/weektomorrow the following day/the next dayyesterday the day beforelast month the month before3. 宾语从句中的时态:(总的原则:主句和从句的时态要前后呼应)、含有宾语从句的复合句中如果主句的时态是现在时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等
5、) ,从句的时态跟据实际需要而定(原来直接引语中用什么时态,间接引语中还用什么时态) 。如:I know (that) he lives here.I know (that) he lived here 10 years ago.I have heard (that) he will come. 、含有宾语从句的复合句中如果主句是过去时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去过完成时,过去将来时等) ,那么从句的时态也必须用过去时态中的一种。直接引语改为间接引语时,如果主句是过去时态,则宾语从句中的时态具体变化如下:直接引语 (Direct speech) 间接引语(Report speech)一般现在时 一般过去时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时一般过去时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时但是有一种情况除外:如果从句中的话是真理或暂时不会发生改变的客观事实,则用一般现在时,不受主句限制。