1、考前冲刺卷(二)选择题部分第一部分 听力(略)第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 35 分)第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACommunity(社区 ) service is important for many reasons.Taking part and volunteering teaches sympathy and understanding.One of my favorite things about it is that there are opportunities an
2、d choices right in your very neighborhood.When I was younger，I volunteered for a nearby animal shelter.At first I didnt know many people there and wasnt very enthusiastic.Later，as I got to know the animals and staff members I learned to enjoy my time there.It was a very rewarding experience and I go
3、t to do many things I wouldnt have had an opportunity to do otherwise.Sometimes when I was there I would see other kids taking part.Most of them were volunteering because they needed service hours for school.These kids sometimes just sat around waiting for their time to pass.But there were also othe
4、rs，who had apparently enjoyed their experiences，and wanted to do more afterwards.Not only is community service fun and rewarding，it also looks great on a resume(简历) or college application.Sometimes community service is even required for high school graduation.Last year in my life skills class we wer
5、e asked to write a paper about whether we thought requiring students at a university to complete 75 hours of community service was a good idea.I wrote，“I dont think that is too much as long as the students are given enough time and a variety of choices.”As I move through life I will be always involv
6、ed in community service，not just because it is important but also because it is something I enjoy and look forward to.So maybe it is the right time you should go out，volunteer your time and make a difference，even if your reward is only a nod or smile.语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述了作者参加过许多社区志愿服务，从中获益良多，并鼓励人们
7、也参与进来。1The writer began to enjoy volunteering at the animal shelter when he .Arealized the importance of community serviceBwitnessed some students wasting their timeCgot inspired by the enthusiastic volunteersD adjusted himself to the new environment答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可推知，当作者适应了动物收容所的环境后，他开始享受在那里的
8、志愿者工作。故选 D。2What might be the writers attitude to the 75-hour community service required for a university student?ACautious. BApproving.CUnconcerned. DDoubtful.答案 B解析 观点态度题。根据第四段最后一句可推知，作者对大学生要完成 75 小时的社区服务工作持赞成态度。故选 B。3What is the writers purpose in writing the passage?ATo introduce a growing trend
9、 of volunteering.BTo reflect on one of his volunteer experiences.CTo advocate participating in community service.D To make the benefits of community service known.答案 C解析 写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句和全文内容可知，作者认为做社区志愿服务工作是非常有益的，所以作者呼吁人们参与到社区服务中去。故选 C。B(2018?河北唐山一模)Its 3 oclock and youve been hard at work.As you s
10、it at your desk，a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you.You try to busy yourself to make it go away.But it doesnt.Here is another situation.Perhaps you are not feeling well.The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup，like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child.Food
11、cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food.And they are normal.Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way.Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain.They even call it simply “stomach hunger”When our stomachs burn up all of
12、 the food we have eaten，a hormone(荷尔蒙) sends a message to one part of the brain，the hypothalamus(下丘脑) ，for more food.The hypothalamus regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst，hunger and sleep.The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite.And you eat.Hunger is a function of s
13、urvival.A craving is more complex.It activates(使活跃) brain areas related to emotion，memory and reward.These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies.So，some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger”People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar.Foods that are h
14、igh in fat or high in sugar release chemicals in the brain.These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.In a 2007 study，researchers at Cambridge University found that dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food cravings.So，the more you deny yourself a food that you want，
15、the more you may crave it.However，fasting is a bit different.They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings.So，the next time you crave something very specific，know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.语篇解读 本文主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。食物与情感有关系，节食的结果会导致饮食
16、欲望的增加。4What is the function of the first paragraph?ATo deepen the understanding of hunger.BTo lead to the topic of the whole passage.CTo report the discovery of craving study.D To remind readers of their own special food.答案 B解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of
17、 food.And they are normal.”可知，第一段是为了引出整篇文章的话题。故选 B。5What do we learn about food cravings?AIt means the stomach functions well.BIt ensures a person survives hunger.CIt shows food is linked to feelings.D It proves the brain decides your appetite.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Foods that are high in fat or hig
18、h in sugar release chemicals in the brain.These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.”可知，食物与情感有关系。故选 C。KS5UKS5U.KS5U6Whats the likely result of dieting?AThe increase of food desire.BThe decrease of chemicals.CThe refusal of fat and sugar.D The disappearance of appetite.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“In a
19、 2007 study，researchers at Cambridge University found that dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food cravings.”可知，节食会导致饮食欲望的增加。故选 A。7What does the passage mainly discuss?AThe findings of food cravings.BWhat hunger is all about.CThe functions of brain areas.D What dieti
20、ng may bring us.答案 A解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food.And they are normal.”可知，本文主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。故选 A。C(2018?浙江金华名校统练)Students in the United Kingdom will be using textbooks almost identical(完全相同的) to the ones that students in the Chinese city of Shanghai u
21、se from January 2018， in a bid to improve ailing mathematics test results.The UK government will carry out the plan，worth US $ 54 million，which allows half of all primary school teachers to use the real Shanghai mathematics textbook series.As a result，the courses 36 books will be adopted in their cu
22、rriculum.The materials will be roughly the same，simply replacing Chinese Renminbi symbols with the British Pounds.According to a New York Times report，Shanghai students topped international standardized testing of mathematics in 2010 based upon a “mastery”(熟练掌握) approach to maths education.“Maths ma
23、stery involves children being taught as a whole class，building depth of understanding of the structure of maths，supported by the use of understanding of the structure of maths，supported by the use of high-quality textbooks，” the British government said last July.With the help of funding up to 41 mil
24、lion，more than 8,000 primary schoolshalf of the total number in Englandwill receive support to adopt the approach，which is used by some of the leading performers in maths in the world，including Shanghai and Singapore.Unlike many Western countries，Chinese students performance in mathematics is above
25、average in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)Data from the Programme for International Student Assessment released in 2015 by the OECD showed one in four students in Shanghai are top performers in mathematics.This means students can handle tasks that require the ability
26、 to formulate(确切表达) complex situations mathematically，using symbolic representations.The UK，however，has slightly lower numbers of top performers in mathematics than the OECD average.“All the time，Asians have been learning from the Western education system，” Yong Zhao，a professor of education at The
27、University of Kansas said as quoted by The New York Times.“Suddenly，its the reverse(相反的情况)”语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。英国将引进上海的数学教学方法和配套的数学教材，以提高英国学生每况愈下的数学成绩。8What does the underlined word “ailing” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?ACompetitive. BImpressive.KS5UKS5UCTerrible. DStable.答案 C解析 词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容可知，从 2018 年
28、1 月起，英国的学生们将使用与中国上海的学生们所使用的几乎完全相同的数学教材，再结合第四段中的最后一句可知，数学成绩最好的英国学生人数低于 OECD 的平均数，故英国采取此方法的目的是提高英国学生糟糕的数学成绩。ailing 意为“每况愈下的，状况不佳的”。故选 C。9What makes Shanghais students stand out in mathematics tests based on the passage?AAdopting excellent teaching methods.BSimplifying complex maths concepts.CValuing s
29、tudents independent learning.D Subscribing to high-difficulty textbooks.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句中的“Shanghai students topped international standardized testing of mathematics in 2010 based upon a mastery(熟练掌握) approach to maths education”可知，上海的学生数学成绩优异得益于一种优秀的教学方法，故选 A。10 What does the content of Paragr
30、aph 3 mainly indicate?ABritain has a lack of high-quality textbooks.BBritain devotes a lot to advancing its education.CBritish education falls far behind that of Singapore.D British primary schools need peoples support most.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“With the help of funding up to 41 million，more than 8,0
31、00 primary schoolshalf of the total number in Englandwill receive support to adopt the approach”可知，英国投入了多达 4 100 万英镑来支持英国半数的小学采用上海的数学教学方法，由此可推知，英国在发展其教育方面投入很大。故选 B。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Create Better Phone HabitsIf you find yourself constantly ch
32、ecking your cell phone，you may have a problem with overuse of the cell phone. 11 Here are four tips on how to create better phone habits：1Put your phone away an hour before you go to sleep.Staring at a screen right before you try to go to sleep is going to make it more difficult to fall asleep. 12 D
33、ont try to sleep with it right next to your head because you will spend more time focusing on who might be texting you than sleeping.2Carry your phone in your bag or pocket.When you take your phone with you，dont carry it in your hand. 13 This is especially important when you drive.Make sure your pho
34、ne is hidden away when you drive so you are not tempted to look at it and text.3 14 Think of the best times of the day for you to not be on your phone texting and make it a “no phone time”Turn your phone completely off and put it away somewhere where you cant get to it for a few hours.Forcing yourse
35、lf to do this daily will help train your brain to not get anxious when you are not to your phone.4Pretend like your cell phone is a home phone. 15 Try pretending like your cell phone is a landline phone.Place it in one spot in your house and always leave it there and only use it there，instead of tak
36、ing it with you everywhere you go.AAn hour before you go to sleep，text anyone you are talking to that you are going to sleep.BCell phones are an annoying invention.CHave set times when you are away from your phone.D Turn off your cell phone before you leave your home.E Probably one of the major reasons you are addicted to texting is because you can take your phone with you anywhere.FIt can lead to reduced quality of personal relationships and lack of productivity
