1、 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密英语介词全攻略一、常用介词（一）、ABOUT 1.动词+about+sth. 。about 在此表示“论及，谈起，涉及，着手 ”等意思： arrange about 安排，argue about 辩论, ask about 询问，bring about 带来， chat about 闲聊，care about 在意，complain about 报怨，go about 着手， hear about 听说, inquire about 打听,k
2、now about 了解， quarrel about 争论， read about 读到, see about 负责处理，set about 开始, speak about 谈起, talk about 谈论, think about 考虑, trouble about 担心，tell about 讲述， worry about 着急。现举例说明其中一些短语的用法： She inquired about my brother. 她向我打听有关我兄弟的情况。 I must set about my packing. 我必须开始收拾行装。 What are you chatting about
3、你们在聊什么呢？ 2. be +形容词+about+sth.。about 在此意思是“为，对”，接表原因的词： be anxious about 为着急, be bad about 对感到不舒服，be busy about 忙于, be careful about 小心, be certain about 对有把握, be concerned about 关心, be crazy about 为发狂，be excited about 为感到激动, be happy about 为而高兴, be mad about 为发疯，be nervous about 对感到紧张, be particula
4、r about挑剔, be pleased about 为兴奋，be strict about 对严格，be thoughtful about对考虑周到的， be uneasy about 为感受到不安。请看例句： What have you been busy about today 今天在忙些什么？ You are certainly very thoughtful about others. 你为别人想得太周到了。 Im strict about such things. 对这些事我是很严格的。 注：come about 发生，get about（疾病、谣言）流行，turn about
5、转身， leave about 到处乱放，lie about 随便堆放，put about 打扰;传播， put oneself about 使 发愁。这些词组中 about 作副词，此时 about 不能接宾语。 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密（二）、AFTER 1.动词+ after。介词 after 有“追赶，问候，效仿 ”之意：ask after 问候, be after寻求, do(sth.)after 学着做，go after 设法得到, inquire aft
6、er 问候, look after 寻找, run after 追求 , seek after 追逐, take after 长得像。例如： Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend. 他每天下午都打电话问候他的女朋友。 The boy takes after his father. 这男孩长得像他父亲。 The dogs went after the wounded deer. 一群狗在追赶那只受伤的鹿。 2.after 构成的其它短语。after 在不同的短语中意思各异： after a littlemomentwhile
7、 过了一会，after all 毕竟,after dark 天黑以后， after ones heart 合的心, after school 放学后， after service 售后服务， after the fashion 勉强， day after day 日复一日， one after another 一个接一个，year after year 年复一年。例如： Dont be too strict with him. After all he is still a child. 不要太苛刻了，毕竟他还是个孩子。 He can speak and write English after
8、 a fashion. 他多少会说和写一点英语，但不太好。 （三）、AT 1.动词+ at。at 表示“指向某一目标，到达某地”：arrive at 抵达, call at 访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at 攻击, fire at 向开火, glance at 瞟一眼, glare at 怒目而视, grieve at 忧伤，knock at 敲, laugh at 嘲笑, look at 看一眼, pull at 拉扯, rejoice at 对高兴， smile at 向某人微笑, shoot at 朝射击, stare at 怒目而视, thrust at
9、刺向 , tear at 撕, tremble at 颤抖，wonder at 吃惊，work at 工作。例如： Dont let me catch you again at it.不要再让我当场逮住你。 We must “shoot the arrow at the target”. 我们必须有的放矢。 They trembled at the sight of the peasants spears. 看到农民的梭标，他们阵阵发抖。 2. be +形容词过去分词+ at。其中 at 表示“情绪、情感的原因， 或对某物具有某种感情”：be angry at 恼怒于, be alarmed
10、at 对保持警觉, 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密be astonished at 对吃惊, be bad at 不擅长, be clever at 对某事很灵巧, be delighted at 高兴，be disgusted at 厌恶, be disappointed at 对失望， be good at 擅长, be impatient at 对不够耐心 , be mad at 狂热于, be pleased at 对感到高兴, be present at 出席 ,
11、 be satisfied at 满意, be surprised at 吃惊, be shocked at 对非常震惊，be terrified at 受到的恐吓, be quick at 对很机敏。例如： They were overjoyed at his return to work. 他们对他重返工作感到欣喜。 They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in the colonies. 他们对殖民地日益壮大的解放运动警觉起来。 3.at+名词构成的词组：at a distance 在一定距离， at a los
12、s 不知所措， at a time 一次， at all 一点也不，at any cost 不惜一切代价，at best 最好也只是， at first 起初， at hand 手头，at heart 在内心里，at home 在家； 无拘束，at last 最后，at least 至少，at most 最多，at once 马上，at present 目前， at sea 不知所措，at times 有时，at will 任意地，at work 起作用，at worst 最坏。4.其它含有 at 的短语：work hard at 勤奋工作，drop in at 顺路拜访。（四）、FOR 1.
13、动词+for a)动词+for。for 表原因、目的：account for 解释；说明, answer for 对负责, apply for 申请；请求, apologize for 为而道歉, beg for 请求, call for 要求, care for 在意, enter for 报名参加, fight for 为而战, hope for 希望, inquire for 查询；求见, leave for 离开某地到另一地, look for 寻找, long for 盼望, mistake for 误认为, plan for 计划做某事, prepare for 为作准备, pro
14、vide for 为提供, reach for 伸手去拿, run for 竞选, stand for 象征, search for 搜寻, send for 派人去请, speak for 陈述意见、 愿望, take for 当作, wish for 希望, wait for 等待。例如： His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。 The baby reached for the apple but couldnt reach it. 那婴儿伸手去苹果，但够不着。 He who would search for pearls must div
15、e below. 要想找到珍珠，必须潜到海底。 b)动词+sb.+ for +sth.。for 表示原因或目的：ask for 要求得到, blame for 因责备, excuse for 宽恕, forgive for 谅解, pardon for 原谅, 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密pay for 花钱买, praise for 称赞, punish for 对进行惩罚, push for 催 *，reward for 酬谢, thank for 对表示谢意。例如：
16、 Please excuse me for my being late. 请原谅我的迟到。 Forgive me for my keeping you waiting. 请见谅，让你久等了。 2. be +形容词+for。for 表作用、目的、对人或物有某种情绪等： be anxious for 急于做, be eager for 渴望, be bad for 有害于, be convenient for 便于, be good for 利于, be famous for 以出名, be fit for 适合于 , be grateful for 对心存感激, be impatient for
17、 对不耐烦, be late for 迟到, be necessary for 有必要, be ready for 作好准备, be sorry for 为而后悔, be responsible for 对负责, be suitable for 适合于, be unfit for 不适合, be useful for 对有作用。例如： He is eager for success. 他渴望成功。 The government is responsible for the nations welfare. 政府负责民众的福利。 3.for+名词构成的词组：for all 尽管，for a so
18、ng 非常便宜地， for certain 确切地，for company 陪着，for ever 永远，for example 例如， for fear 以免，for fair 肯定地，for free 免费，for fun 为了好玩， for good 永远，for instance 比方，for luck 祝福，for life 终身， for long 长久，for nothing 白白地，for once 有生第一次，for oneself 替自己， for pleasure 为了消遣，for reason 因为理由，for sale 供出售， for shame 真不害臊，for
19、short 简称，for sport 好玩，for sure 确切地。 4.动词+副词名词 +for 构成的短语：be in for 将遇到， make up for 弥补， go in for 从事，l o ok out for 提防，take sth. for granted 把当作理所当然, have an ear for 音感好 , have a gift for 有某方面的天赋。（五）、FROM 1.动词+from a)动词+ from。from 表示“来源、原因、起始”等：come from 来自, date from 追溯, depart from 违背, die from 死于
20、, escape from 逃出, fall from 自跌落, hang from 垂挂, hear from 收到来信, learn from 向某人学习, return from 自某地返回， rise from 自冒出, result from 起因于, suffer from 忍受。例如： All the characters in the book are drawn from real life. 书中所有的人物都来自于真实的生活。 Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrower. 因疏忽
21、引起的任何损坏都应由借用者负责赔偿。 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密He has recovered from his surprise. 他好不容易回过神来。 b)动词+ sth.sb. +from + sth. sb. a place。from 表示“来源、免于”等： borrow from 向借, choose from 选自, excuse from 免除, keep from 阻止做, prevent from 不准做, protect from 不受之害, re
22、ceive from 收到, remove from 移动；除去, save from 保全；拯救 , separate from 分离开来, stop from 阻止。例如： He was excused from attendance at the lecture. 他获准可不去听课。 Stop the child from spoiling the book. 不要让孩子弄坏了书。 2. be +形容词+ from。此时 from 含义众多：be absent from 缺席, be different from 与众不同, be far from 更不用说, be hidden fro
23、m 躲避, be made from 用制成, be tired from 因而疲倦。例如： The boy cant walk and is far from running.那男孩不会走路，更不用说跑了。 3.fromto。本短语表示从一种状态到另一状态的变化或从到： from bad to worse 每况愈下，from beginning to end 自始至终， from cover to cover 从头到尾，from China to Peru 到处， from day to day 一天一天地，from door to door 挨家挨户， from end to end 从头
24、至尾， from first to last 自始至终， from hand to mouth 勉强糊口，from head to foot 从头到脚， from mouth to mouth 广泛流传，from sun to sun 从日出到日落， from start to finish 从头开始，from top to toe 从头到脚， from time to time 不时地， from top to bottom 彻底地。二）按概数的构成分类 1以容器量化的方式表达概数: a bag of, two baskets of, a mouthful of, a plate of, a
25、 pot of, a mug of, a pack of ( 一包 )， a pail of( 一桶 )，a bowl of, a basin of, three cups of We bought three bags of groceries.我们买了三袋食品。 They ate a basket of plums.他们吃了一篮李子。 If theres only a mouthful of food left in the bowl, I will give it to you.如果有我一口饭，我都让给你。 On the table was a plate of beef and veg
26、etables. 桌上有一盘牛肉和青菜。 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密Father is a heavy smoker. He smoked a pack of cigarettes a day. 爸爸烟瘾大，一天一包烟。 Two pots of jam were used in cooking.做饭用了两瓶果酱。 I have a mug of milk and some bread for my breakfast. 我喝一大杯牛奶吃一点面包作为早餐。 2用介词结构表
27、达概数: in large quantities, in great numbers, in large amounts, , in pairs, in groups, in pieces, in dozens, in scores, in ones thousands, in ones thirties, in bulk, in multitude, in plenty, in the 1990s, in quantity, in pack, by ones and twos, by twos and threes , over., around, about, below, more th
28、an, without numbers Pack them in dozens.论打包装。 He is a young man in his thirties.他是一位 30 多岁的年轻人。 People came in scores.大家结队而来。 Activities are coming forward in great numbers.活动积极分子纷纷涌向前来。 They wandered off in pairs and chatted about their own affairs. 他们成双成对结伴而行，聊着家常小事。 Things are usually cheaper if
29、they are bought in bulk. 批量采购会便宜一些。 Resources in plenty can be found in this territory. 本地能找到丰富的资源。 The farms have water in plenty to last through the dry season. 农场水源充足，可供旱季使用。 Heroic fighters emerged in multitude. 英勇的战士大量涌现。 It is often less expensive to buy goods in quantity. 批量购物要便宜不少。 Some peop
30、le are standing about in small groups under the tree. 人们站在树下，三五成群。 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密People began to leave the meeting by ones and twos. 大家三三两两地离开会场。 Wolves hunt in packs.狼成群捕食。 3借比喻或引申表达概数: a mountain of, an ocean of, oceans of, bags of( 很多
31、), a dose of（ 大量 ），a stream of, a suggestion of ( 一点点 ), a suspicion of（ 少许 ） He has a mountain of dirty clothes to wash. 他有一大堆脏衣服要洗。 A mountain of letters arrived just after the report. 报告之后信件纷至沓来。 Oceans of time and money were/ An ocean of time and money was spent on the project.大量时间和大批资金都投入到这项工程。
32、 No need to be hurried. We have bags of time. 不必着急，我们有充足的时间。 There were bags of opportunities, but they lost them all. 机会众多，但他们都错过了。 In the accident, the workers received a heavy dose of radiation. 工人在事故中受到严重幅射。 Streams of cars were passing by.一串串汽车急驰而过。 There was a suggestion of boredom in his tone
33、.在他声音里有一丝疲乏。 She added a suspicion of garlic to the stew.他在? 肉里加了一点蒜。 There was a suspicion of tears in her eyes.他的眼中有一丝泪痕。 三谈谈介词的否定意义 介词在英语中属于“小词”，事实上介词在英语中发挥的效力可不小。 介词在英语中起着螺丝钉”的作用，它随处可见，且功能强大。 其功能之一就是，它可以和介词宾语一起构成许多否定意义的成语或词组。 介词否定表达简捷明意义深刻，其译文多采用译。 1.Above The text is above me.（无法理解） She thinks
34、she is above criticism. (不容批评) 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密The child is above all nervousness. (一点也不紧张) His conduct has always been above suspicion. (无可怀疑) I think a gentleman like him is above doing such a thing. (不屑于) Dont depend on me. Its above my
35、bend. (力不所及) He is above the weather now. (无病的) 2.Against Almost everything was against him. (不利于 ) Hes always doing his best, against all odds. (不计成败) 3.At The point is to win at any cost. (不惜一切代价 ) At any rate, weve done something for you now. (不管怎样) On the spot he was completely at sea. (不知所措 ) 4
36、.Behind The train is running behind time. (不准时) Your ideas are all behind the times. (跟不上时代) 5.Between The secret is between ourselves. (不得外传) 6.Before Before long he realized that he was wrong. (不久) I slipped out before the lecture began. (不等) The guerrillas (游击队员) would fight to death before they
37、surrendered. (决不) 7.Beneath Lying is beneath him. (不合身分) 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密Such a fellow as that is beneath my notice. (不值一理) 8.Beside What you said is quite beside the point. (不关正题) 9.Beyond The news is beyond belief. (难以置信) The stars are be
38、yond number. (数不清) The scene was beyond description. (无法形容 ) Good advice is beyond price. (无价) The facts are beyond dispute. (毋庸置疑) My happiness was beyond words. (难以言表) Doing such a thing is quite beyond my power. (无能为力) 与 beyond 构成的短语还有：beyond all doubt 毫无疑问； beyond all praise 赞美不完； beyond compari
39、son 无与伦比；beyond control 无法控制； beyond count 不计其数；beyond example 没有先例； beyond expression 无法表达；beyond hope 无望；beyond question 无可争辩。 10.But He was anything but pleased when he heard this. (才不) 21.Under I know very well youre under thirty. (不满) This packet of butter is under weight. (分量不足) The boy cant g
40、o to school because he is under age. (年龄不够) 22.With Im through with him. (不再来往) He was through with the job, and he wanted to find something interesting. (不想干) 中国最庞大的下载资料库 (整理. 版权归原作者所有)如果您不是在 网站下载此资料的, 不要随意相信. 请访问 3722, 加入 必要时可将此文件解密The whole project was completed with a wet finger. (毫不费力) 23.Wit
41、hout It was all done without necessary permit. (未经) You cant do without money. (没有) He often goes to school without his breakfast. (不吃) I have helped him times without number. (无数) without 后还可引导这样一些短语：without a doubt 无疑；without a moments thought 不加考虑；without day 无期限；without end 无穷；without example 没有
42、先例。（六）、IN 1.动词+in a)动词+ in。in 在短语中的含义异常丰富：believe in 信任, break in 碎成， bring in 引起；产生；带来, call in 下令收回, fill in 填充,get in 收获, hand in 上缴 , involve in 涉及, lie in 在于, result in 导致, share in 共享, succeed in 成功, take in 卷起；订阅, turn in 归还当局。例如： He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that
43、 he had made. 他很缺乏资金，不得不收回所有的款子。 Your failure lies in your laziness. 你失败的原因在于懒惰。 Orders are given to take in sail.已发布收帆的命令。 b)动词+sb./time/money+ in。介词 in 后接（ doing）sth.：help sb. in 帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in 匀出时间或钱做某事 , spend time/money in 花时间或钱做某事, waste time/money in 浪费时间或钱做某事。例如： She offered to
44、 help him in the housekeeping when I am not here. 她提出，我不在家时她可以帮助他料理家务。 2. be +形容词+ in。in 表示“在某些方面或穿着”：be active in 活跃于, be absorbed in 专心致志 , be busy in 忙碌, be born in 出生于, be concerned in 牵涉, be clothed in 穿着, be disappointed in 对失望, be diligent in 勤于, be experienced in 在有经验, be employed in 任职于, be engaged in 忙碌, be expert in 某方面的专家, be excellent in 在优秀, be interested in 对有兴趣 , be lacking in 缺乏, be rich in 富有,
