1、高频词汇编写说明1、本频率表为最新统计,包含了最新的 2002 年 12 月 28 日考题。2、纵观大学英语四级从 1987 年开始考试以来,已经有 30 套试卷与大家见面。考察频率最高的是短语,达到了 22 次,就词汇本身的频率并不高,四级最高只有七次,而六级最高到了十二次。3、词汇评选标准:(1) 词汇本身与词汇变形加在一起计算的次数;(2) 只选择词汇语法中出现的;(3) 无论是本题选择项是否是该词,只要在选项中出现的词汇我们都计算在内;(4) 另外,有个别词汇出现在词汇语法题目中,只要我们认为重要的,也被算数;(5) 高频词汇只选用了 4 次以上的词汇;短语部分选用了 10 次以上的词
2、汇。我们统计了全部出现的单词,但是只公开了 4 次以上的高频词汇,中低频词汇只提供给本班学员使用。另外,我们还有含 600 个左右词汇的核心词汇内部资料,自1998 年总结以来,都能将每次考试 80%以上的词汇考题覆盖。4、在参考本高频词汇时,有几个问题一定要说明:(1)并非掌握了高频词汇,词汇题就万事大吉,高频词汇只是从历年出现的次数进行总结,这些词汇考的可能性更高些,但每次考试有很多词汇出现在高频词汇之外。例如,短语部分,历次考试中“pull”并非高频词汇,没有考过一次,但在 2002 年12 月 28 日中,此词出现了一个题的四个选项中。(2) 一些词如“than、as、if”是高中的重
3、点,其实也是四级考试中重点,than 在四级考试词汇结构中考了 24 次,as 则考了 16 次,其他所有的四级词汇最高也只是考了 7 次。由于是高中词汇,在四级考试中侧重了语法考点,在这里不作为选用词汇。(3) 四级词汇是六级词汇的基础,六级考试中词汇题有 50%是考四级词汇,四级高频词汇在一定程度上是六级的重点词汇,也是考研的重难点词汇。5、本高频词汇由于编写时间仓促,错误在所难免,如读者发现,还请多多海涵。频率出现七次的词汇raise 意 义 vt.举起、提高、提升;筹集、征集;唤起、引起;养育、饲养、种植;提升,增加(工资)raise ones hand 举手raise ones ha
4、t to sb. 向某人举帽致敬raise doubts in peoples minds 引起人们的怀疑raise a child 养育孩子raise farm/corps 饲养raise funds 筹集资金搭 配raise salaries 增加薪水raise standards of service 提高服务水平raise 多指由低处垂直举往高处,不一定费力 raiselift lift 指用力或机械把重物提高到较高的位置rise v.上升arise v.发生辨析 risearisearouse arouse v.激发起Though_in San Francisco, Dave Mit
5、chell had always preferredto record the plain facts of small-town life.答案真 题A)raised B)grown C)developed D)cultivated A频率出现六次的词汇extend 意 义 vt.延伸;扩展、扩大;提供、给予;vi.伸展、延伸;(在范围或应用上)达到构 词 ex(向外 )+tend(伸展)extension. n.伸出、伸展;延长部分;电话分机extensive a. 广大的、广阔的;广泛的变 形intensive a.加强的,深入细致的extensive knowledge 广博的知识to
6、 extend credit/visa 延长信贷限期/签证extensive reading 泛读搭 配extensive discussion 广泛的讨论enlarge v.扩大,放大enlarge expand expand v.使膨胀,扩张extend 指直线状的伸展,引申指扩大势力、范围。lengthen 指增加长度或延长时间。辨析extend lengthen prolong prolong 指时间过程延长到超过通常或正常的限度。It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _ knowl
7、edge.答案真 题A) extensive B) expansive C) intensive D) expensive Aintensive 意 义 a.加强的,集中的,深入细致的;集约(经营)的,精耕细作的构 词 ex(向外 )+tend(伸展)intensity n.强烈,剧烈;强度 变 形intensively adv.加强地,集中地,深入细致地intensive study 深入细致的研究intensive reading 精读intensive agriculture 集约农业labour intensity 劳动强度搭 配look at sb. with intensity 深
8、情地看着某人intense 意为“非常的;强烈的”,常用于形容某种性质或感情,表示很高或达到极端的程度。辨 析intensive 含有intense的意思,但更强调“精细的;集中的”。An intense attack 全线的攻击;an intensive attack 集中某一点攻击。The patients health failed to such an extent that he was put into_care.答案A)tense B)rigid C)intensive D)tight CThe relationship between employers and employe
9、es has been studied_答案真 题A)originally B)extremely C)violently D)intensively D频率出现五次的词汇available意 义 a.现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的;可取得联系的,可得到的构 词 a(to)+vail(value,价值)+able(后缀)-有利用价值的-可利用的make sth. available to/for 使可以享受某物;使.买得起某物搭 配the only available room 唯一可用的房子;available a. 现成可使用的,在手边的,可利用的handy a. 手边的,就近的,便利的
10、,敏捷的辨 析at hand 在手边,在附近,即将到来Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are_in grocery stores.答案真 题A)ready B)approachable C)probable D) available DIn general,the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _for living expense.答案A)acceptable B)availab
11、le C)advisable D)applicable Bchargen.控告,指控;主管,看管;费用,价钱;负荷,电荷,充电 意 义vt.索价,要.支付;控告,指控;使承担(任务、责任等);使负荷,使充电in charge of 主管,看管in(under)the charge of 在的掌管下charge sb.with 指控某人charge(sb.)(money)for sth. 要价,要(某人)付.(钱)买某物take charge 开始管理,接管a positive/negative charge 正/负电荷be on charge 正充电at modest charges 以公道的
12、价格charge for trouble 手续费搭 配charge a battery 给电池充电accuse accuse 指的是严重程度不等的犯罪或冒犯行为,accuse与介词of连用,辨 析 charge charge所指的是正式控告或指责具有违法性质的行为,charge与介词with搭配.She was complaining that the doctor was _too much for the treatment he was giving her.答案A)expending B)offering C)costing D)charging DThis hotel _$60 fo
13、r a single room with bath. 答案真 题A)charges B)demands C)prices D)claims Acase意 义 n.事例,实例,事实,情况;病例;案件;箱,盒,套;手提箱a case in point 有关的事例,例证a case in point 恰当的例子in any case 无论如何,不管怎样in case 假使,以防(引导虚拟语气)sum up the case 概括事实in case of 假如,如果发生;防备搭 配in no case 无论如何不,决不in this/that case 如果这样.那样的话a case of measl
14、es 麻疹病例appeal a case 申述pack a case 装箱in the case of 就.来说,至于as the case may be 看情况,根据具体情况case 事实,事例,情况,其可笼统地指一个完整的论题,也可表典型的事例,也可用于表医学上的病例或法律上的案例.辨 析 instance 为正式用词,指从事实中援引单独事例,隐含其典型性重难点 语法规则:in case意为“假使;免得,以防(万一)”。In case引导的从句可以用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气,虚拟形式为should+动词原形I was advised to arrange for insurance _I
15、needed medical treatment.答案A)nevertheless B) although C)in case D)so that CI left for the office earlier than usual this morning _traffic jam.答案A)in line with B)for the sake of C)in case of D)at the risk of CWe left the manager a note_ he wanted to know where we were.答案A)if B)in case C)so that D)unl
16、ess BThe lawyer advised him to drop _,since he stands little chance to win.答案真 题A)event B)incident C)case D)affair Ceffect 意 义 n.结果、效果; v.实现、使生效effective 有效的,生效的,起作用的;给人印象深刻的;实际的,事实上的变 形effectively 有效地、起作用地bring/carry/put into effect 实行、实现take effective measures 采取有效措施effective range 有效射程;effective
17、ways of reducing pollution 降低污染的有效方法;搭 配take effect 生效、起作用to the effect that 大意是effective 有效的、起作用的in effect 实际上、实质上come/go into effect 生效to no effect 无效;毫无结果effect 指明显的原因所产生的后果。effectconsequence consequence 可指没有明确原因的后果或效果。effective 表示能产生实际的效果。辨析effective valid valid指仍为权威部门认可,可以继续使用,是法律用语。They took _
18、 measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.答案A) fruitful B) beneficial C) valid D) effective DThough the long-term_ can not be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee.答案A)affect B)effect C)result D)consequence BThe new appointment of our president _from the very beginning o
19、f next semester.答案真 题A)takes effect B)takes part C)takes place D)takes turn Atransmit意 义 vt.播送、发射;传送、传染构 词 trans(从 到.)+mit( 发送)变 形 transmission 播送、发射 ;传送、传染transmit knowledge from one generation to another 把知识由一代传给另一代transmission of news 消息的传播;搭 配transmit news by radio 由无线电发送消息American football and
20、baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _ from the United States. 答案A)transfer B) deliveries C) transportation D) transmissions DSome diseases are _ by certain water animals. 答案真 题A) transplanted B) transformed C) transported D)transmittedDCommunication is the process of_
21、a message from a source to an audience via a channel.答案 A)transmitting B)submitting C)transforming D)switching ACultural_indicates that human beings hand theirs languages down from one generation to another.答案A)translation B )transition C)transmission D)transaction Crelate 意 义 vi.有关联;适应,和睦相处;vt.使互相关
22、联;讲述,叙述relative 相关的,有关的;相对的,比较的;亲属all human values are relative,so beauty is relative to the beholders eyes.relatively 相关地,有关地;相对地,比较地变 形relation 亲属relate to/with 有关联relative to 有关,涉及in/with relation to 有关,涉及close/near relation 近亲搭 配distant relation 远亲It is difficult to_cause and effect in this case
23、. 答案真 题A)unite B)think C)relate D)describe C频率出现四次的词汇transform意 义 vt.使改观、改革;变换构 词 trans(从 .到.)+form(形式)transformation n. 改观、改革;变换变 形transformable a.能改变的,能改造的搭 配 transform.into. 把变成辨 析 transform change 两词有时可互换,但在骤然改变和神秘地改变时,须用 transformThe twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide politic
24、al, economic and cultural 答案A) tradition B) transportation C) transmission D) transformation D真 题The coming of railways in the 1830s_our society and economic life. 答案A)transformed B)transported C)transferred D)transmitted Atransfer vt.搬、转移;调动、转移;转让、过户 vi.转移;调动、转移;转车、转程意 义n.调动、转移构 词 trans(转移 )+fer(运送
25、,传送)transference n.转移,转让transferable a.可转移的,可转让的变 形transferer n.转让者transfer ones affection 变心transfer company 转运公司transfer from a bus to a train 由公共汽车换乘火车transfer title to land 转让土地所有权搭 配transfer the property 转让财产transfer move在表示“调动”时,transfer 含有在同一大集团中工作或任职的变更的意思,不强调升、降职的意味,只是工作性质的变化。Transfer 还可表示感
26、情的转移或货物的运输,一般不用 move 替换。辨析move 表示从静止状态开始移动,可以是短距离、小范围或长距离、大范围的移动,也可指不改变位置的活动。He hoped the firm would _ him to the Paris branch. 答案真 题A) exchange B) transmit C) transfer D) remove Cadapt 意 义 vt.使适应,使适合;修改,改编 vi. (to)适应adaptable a.能适应的,适应性强的 adaptive adj.适应的adaptation n.适应,适合,改编变 形adaptor n.编剧者,改编者ada
27、pt to 使适合,使适用adapt from 根据改写/改编搭 配adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于adapt 指作出较大的修改或改变以达到目的。如:She had to adapt herself to local conditions.她必须使自己适应当地的情况 辨析adjust 指作些不重要的轻微调整以便符合要求或适应新情况。如:adjust ones watch/glasses 对表/扶眼镜fit 多指“大小适合” ,引申为“吻合”suit 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”match 指“大小、色调、形状、性质等相配或相称”The newcomers found
28、it impossible to _themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.答案A)suit B)adapt C)regulate D)coordinate BI suggested he should_himself to his new conditions. 答案真 题A)adopt B)suit C)regulate D)adapt Dalter 意 义 v.改变,改动,变更 alterable adj.可变的,可改的alterant adj.改变的变 形alte
29、ration n.变更,改造alter 部分地改变,不失去本性;change 本质地变化,甚至失去本性,或一种东西退换了另一种东西;vary 由更替、多样化或生长的变化而引起的一个或一连串变化。辨析convert 指从一种状态或情况转变为另一种,尤指用于新的目的或用途。If your new coat is too large ,a tailor can _it to fit you.答案)alter )exchange )alternate )change AShe had to _her dress because she had lost weight. 答案真 题A)transform
30、 B)shift C)alter D)cut Carise意 义 vi.(1)产生,出现,发生;(2)(from)(由)引起,(由.)产生,起源于;(3)起身,起床arose arise 的过去式变形arisen arise 的 过去分词arise arise和rise都可用于来表示“起床”和“站起身”的意思。Arise常用于较抽象的主语之后rise 常用于具体的场合raise 是及物动词,意为“举起;使起来;提高;提出”辨析arouse 也是及物动词,意为“唤醒;激起;引起”搭配 arise from/out of 由.引起,起源于Many difficulties have _as a r
31、esult of the change over to a new type of fuel.答案A)risen B)arisen C)raised D)arrived BA completely new situation will _when the examination system comes into existence.答案真 题A)rise B)arise C)raise D)arouse Bassemble(最近出现在年月日题)意 义 vi.集合,聚集;vt.集合,聚集,召集;装配构 词 as(到)+semble(一起)变 形 assembly n.集合,装配,集合,集结,汇
32、编;形似词 resemble 像,类似assemble the jury 召集陪审团assemble evidence/material 收集证据/材料assemble the parts of a watch 装配表的零件assembling shop 装配车间assemble a machine 组装一台机器搭 配assemble in the school garden 在校内集合gather (常用词)指“收集” 、“聚集” 、“集合在一起”collect 指“有计划、有选择地收集”assemble 指“为某一特定目的而收集”辨析muster 特指“召集部队” 或“为检阅、检查而召集”
33、If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to _in the courtyard.答案A)assemble B)converge C)crowd D)accumulate AEverybody _in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.答案真 题A)assembled B)accumulated C)piled D)joined Aadopt (最近出现在200年月28日题)意 义 vt.采纳,采用;采取(态度等;收养 adoptable a.可采用的变 形adoption n.采用,收养