1、1CET4 复习笔记 Copyright 2010 penalty n. 处罚；罚款，罚金 reputation n. 声望；名声，名誉 saucer n. 茶托，浅碟；浅碟形物 pipe n. 烟斗；管；笛 vi. 吹笛 He piped so that we could dance peculiar adj. 特殊的；罕见的；特有的 Language is peculiar to mankind. n. 特权；特有财产 scarce adj. 缺乏的，不足的；稀有的 Water is scarce in the desert. inevitable adj. 必然的 The change
2、of the teacher is inevitable. 不可避免的 Inheriting to tradition is necessary , is also inevitable. deduct v. 扣除 Once you deduct your expenses,there is nothing left. 一旦扣除 anticipate vt. 预期，期望 We anticipated her winning first prize. 预料 I anticipated that he would be late. 抢先 In business, youve got to anti
3、cipate how your competitors will act. ornament n. 装饰；装饰物； Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 学以自娱,自我修饰完善,自我能力提高 vt. 装饰，修饰 to ornament the house with flowers 为添光彩( 装饰 ) to ornament ones country 为祖国增光 oblige vt. 强制; 迫使; 责成 Circumstances oblige me to do that. vt.施恩惠 Please oblige
4、 me with your presence.务请光临 vi. 帮忙；施恩惠 Ill do any thing within reason to oblige.凡能做到的我都愿效劳 within reason 合情合理 obligate vt. 使负义务；强迫 to be obligated to do something 有责任去做某事 adj. 有责任义务的；必需的 Dont expect too much from others. Nobody is obligate to take care of you. obligation n. 义务；职责 As a citizen, we ha
5、ve the obligation to protect our environment. famine n. 饥荒 War brings death and famine. coarse adj. 粗糙的；粗俗的 Dont use such coarse language. coarse fiber 粗纤维 decay vi. 腐烂，腐朽；衰退，衰减 The tree began to decay as soon as it was cut down. vt. 使. Sugar can decay the teeth of the children. n. This industry 产业
6、has been in decay for some time.有一段时间 beast n. 野兽 Beauty and the Beast美女与野兽 畜生 I thought he was a beast. brass n. 黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器 bronze n. 青铜 brim n. 边 Better spare at brim than at bottom. 宁愿缸满时节约，不愿见底时俭省。vi. 满溢His eyes brimmed with tears. vt. 使 满溢 He brimmed a mug 大杯 with coffee. brisk adj. 敏锐，活泼的 I
7、wish you all brisk business and cooperation happy!生意兴隆、合作愉快 vi. 活跃起来 The stock market brisked up. vt. 使活泼,轻快,兴旺 He brisked up his pace. bruise n.挫伤；疤 He had a bruise just below his left eye. vt. 使受瘀伤；使受挫伤 How did you bruise your arm? vi. 受伤；擦伤 Dont drop apples, they bruise easily. adequate adj.充足的 I
8、 have no adequate preparation. 能胜任的 He is adequate to the task of doing it. 适当的 The system lacks adequate safeguards for fire accidents. aural adj. 耳的；听觉的2 scorn n.嘲笑; 轻蔑 The artist looked at her with scorn. Why do you always pour scorn on my suggestions? 嗤之以鼻 vt.藐视; 轻蔑 His bad action was scorned by
9、 the public. scope n.范围 Scope: Tea service. n.余地机会 He has no scope for his particular talents.施展自己特殊才能的机会。 n.眼界 He is a man of limited scope. rival n. 竞争者；对手 Faced with such a rival, he has little chance of winning. vt. 与竞争；比得上某人 No one can rival him in this respect. vi. 竞争 adj. 竞争的 He stopped to ex
10、amine the beans of a rival farmer. resemble vt. 类似，像 Like dusk, again resemble dawn.像黄昏，又象拂晓。 dusk n. 黄昏;昏暗 adj. 微暗的 vt. 使变微暗 The shadow dusked the light of the moon.那阴影遮住了月光。 reluctant adj. 勉强的；不情愿的 She refused my invitation with a reluctant smile. rein n. 缰绳；驾驭；统治；支配 vt. 勒住；驾驭；控制 We must rein our
11、emotions vi. 勒住马；控制 He reined in his horse to a halt. You have to rein in your temper. reinforce vt. 加固；补充；支援 Lets go and reinforce them! vi. 得到增援；给予更多的支持The supply of raw material has been greatly reinforced. removal n. 移动；免职；搬迁 The removal of import license 取消进口许可证 Such removal causes a readily me
12、asurable drop in the intensity of light.这种消失使光的强度发生一种很容易测出的跌落。readily adv. 容易地 intensity n. 强烈；强度；亮度；紧张 Well,it would be an intense competition.激烈的比赛 intensive adj.透彻的; 加强的;集中密切的 The results show that the relations are intensive.结果表明,两者之间存在密切关系。 scratch n.vt.vi. 抓痕；擦伤；刮擦声；乱写 Please scratch my back w
13、here I cannot reach. scrape n.困境;擦痕 vt.刮;挖成 to scrape the rust off the surface 将表层的锈蚀刮去 to scrape ones chin 刮胡子 scrape bythrough 勉强通过 I can just scrape by on what my parents give me. 勉强度日 rust n. 锈；生锈；锈病 vt. 使生锈；腐蚀 The rain has rusted the gate. vi. 生锈；变迟钝 Iron exposed to damp air will rust.潮湿 screw
14、vt. 旋，拧 to screw the switch on the wall 把开关用螺钉固定在墙上 俚语 to get screwed 受骗 vt.压榨；强迫 We both screw people for money. n. 螺丝钉；螺旋 vi. 转动，拧The ball screwed and flew into the goal. idle adj. 懒惰的；闲散的 They didnt want to live idle lives. vt. 虚度；使空转；无所事事 The strike idled many workers. I waited in the car while
15、idling the engine. vi. Never let the brain idle. indignant adj. 义愤的；愤愤不平的 People felt indignant at this state of affairs.大家看到这种情形，非常气愤。 grieve vt. 使悲伤苦恼 She is grieved for you. The boys wrong actions grieved his parents. vi. 悲痛，哀悼 She grieved at the thought of being parted from her family for so lon
16、g. identical adj. 同一的；完全相同的 The identical world, the identical dream. n. 完全相同的事物3 immense adj. 巨大的，广大的 And the money pouring in is indeed immense. 金钱流入量确实很巨大 altitude n. 高度 At what altitude are we flying? The plane flew to a very high altitude. aggress vi. 攻击；侵略 They aggressed upon the public proper
17、ty. 所有权；财产；属性 vt. 侵犯；挑畔 In this year, the enemy aggress frontier. aggressive adj. 好斗的；侵略性的；有进取心的；有闯劲的 An aggressive young man can go far in our firm.公司 agony n. 极大的痛苦；苦恼；临死的挣扎 She waited in an agony of suspense.悬念的煎熬中等待着。 Jack collapsed in agony on the floor.十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。 marvelous adj. 了不起的；令人惊异的；非凡
18、的 This time,he is a marvelous player. Yes,the autumn is marvelous here. mental adj. 精神的；脑力的；疯的 Praise is a mental tonic. 精神鼓励(滋补药)。 moist adj. 潮湿的；多雨的；含泪的 n. 潮湿 moisture n. 潮湿；水分；降雨量；湿度 vogue n. 流行，时髦；时尚 give vogue to 使风行一时，使流行 in vogue 正时兴，正在流行 out of vogue 已不流行，过时 adj. 时髦的，流行的 convict vt. 证明 有罪；宣告
19、 有罪 He was convicted of murder. n. 罪犯 Police are hunting an escaped convict. commit vt. 把.交托给；使承担义务；承诺 commit yourself to constant improvement 承诺自己不断地进步 vt. 犯罪，做错事 Hackers commit a wide variety of offenses.犯罪，进攻 boom vt.使兴旺 The economy reform boomed many new cities. vi.发隆隆声；急速发展 The cannons boomed.
20、The frontier town boomed when gold was discovered nearby.边疆城镇 n. 繁荣 The boom of real estate drove estate advertising progress and grow. real estate 房地产 boost vt. 促进；增加；支援 The information industry helps boost the global economy. vt. 宣扬 He always boost his company. vi. 宣扬；偷窃 n. 帮助；推动；宣扬 This will be a
21、 great boost to the economy. 巨大的促进 ferocious 残忍的；惊人的 The ferocious winds seemed about to tear the ship to pieces. 看来似乎就要 derive vt. 得自;源于 He derives great satisfaction from his stamp collection vi. 起源Many English words derive from French. 起源，衍生 rage n. 愤怒;情绪激动 He glared at me with rage. vi.发怒；(灾, 病)
22、流行；(风,浪)狂暴 She raged against her husband for some household affairs.家庭琐事对丈夫大发雷霆 Flu raged throughout the city. 流行性感冒 The forest fire has raged for several days. raid n. 袭击；突袭；搜捕；抢劫 vi. 对进行突然袭击 Many robbers raided on the jewellers in the shopping centre. vt. 袭击，突袭 They were going to raid Warsaw the n
23、ext day. The police raided their gambling house.突然搜查 attain vt. 达到；获得；到达 They fought against the tyranny to attain freedom.专政 to attain the age of ninety vi. 达到；获得；到达 These trees attain to remarkable height. n. 成就4 pluck vi. 拉,拽, 扯 vt. 摘,拔, 扯 He plucked a sheet of paper from his notebook.撕下一张纸 n. 勇气
24、；快而猛的拉 She showed a lot of pluck in standing up to her boss.顶撞 Somebody said that my short novels could stand up to Mark Twains.媲美,经得起 dramatic adj. 戏剧的；引人注目的；激动人心的 Life will change dramatically and move you in the right direction. domestic adj.驯养的；家庭的；本国的；自家的 n. 佣人；国货 contend vi. 斗争；奋斗；争论 They have
25、 to contend against draught every year. vt. 主张；为.斗争；坚决认为,断言 The boy contended that he saw a ghost. crisis n. 危机;危险期 Every crisis is the best time to change. Learn as much as you can about the climate crisis. adj. 危机的；用于处理危机的 convey vt. 传达；让与；运输 A handshake can also convey respect. I cant convey my f
26、eelings in words. stuff n.东西; 材料 He has got all the stuff ready for building his new house. vt.塞满; 填塞 The idea is to stuff every available space. combat vt. 与战斗;反对 vi. 战斗; 搏斗; barrier n. 障碍物，屏障;界线 vt. 把关入栅栏 chill n.寒意;寒心 vi.变冷，变凉 My heart chilled when I heard the bad news. adj.扫兴的;冷漠的; 冷的 chill spac
27、e 冷藏区 vt.使变冷 to chill the meat chase vt.雕镂;追捕;追逐 The children are chasing one another among the bushes. vi.奔跑;追逐 Those children are always chasing about, making a terrible noise. clumsy adj. 笨拙的 confront vt. 遭遇,面对 We must confront the future with optimism. Life is a tragedy, confront it.悲剧 vt. 比较 We
28、 should confront theory with practice. coordinate n. 坐标;同等的人或物 adj. 同等的;并列的 vt.使协调 You must coordinate the movements of your arms and legs when swimming. dispute vt.质疑 to dispute a proposal vt.阻止 We disputed an advance of the enemy troops. vi. 争论 We disputed with each other on various issues. appeal
29、 vi.上诉;诉诸裁判 n. 上诉; 诉诸裁判 vi.有吸引力；有感染力 His argument appealed to me. The red hat appeals to her.很合她的意 vi.呼吁，恳求 I appeal to your sense of justice. reveal vt.泄露;显示 n. 揭露；暴露；门侧，窗侧 embrace vt.拥抱; 包含 He embraced his daughter tenderly. An encyclopedia embraces a great number of subjects.百科全书 vi. 拥抱 Two lover
30、s embraced. assume vt.采取 He assumed the style of an aggressive go-getter. 进取能干老手 vt.承担 to assume an obligation vt.呈现 The situation assumed a threatening character. vt.假定,臆断,想当然 Never assume that the specification is correct. 说明书 vt.装出, 佯作 to assume a humble manner 谦卑的态度 vi. 装腔作势；多管闲事 insult vt.损害;辱骂
31、 foods that insult the stomach He insulted me by such a remark. n. 侮辱；凌辱；无礼5 advocate vt. 提倡，主张，拥护 She advocated higher salaries for teachers. n. 提倡者；支持者 The Chinese people are advocate of peace. parallel n. 平行线；对比 Their performance will be in parallel with an extra monthly bonus. vt. 使与平行 This bird
32、 cannot be paralled for beauty.这鸟的美丽是无与伦比的 adj. 平行的；类似的，相同的 The highway runs parallel with the railway. undergo vt. 经历 The city has undergone many changes during the last ten years. vt.遭受，忍受 The explorers underwent much suffering. harsh adj. 粗糙的；刺耳的；刺目的 Sorry about the harsh language. adj.严厉的；严酷的 We
33、 have almost harsh system of management. render vt.着色;描绘 I cant render my thought accurately. vt.致使 His remark rendered me speechless. 言辞 vi. 给予补偿 remarkable adj. 卓越的；非凡的；值得注意的 She showed remarkable courage and resolve. n.vi.vt.决心 resolve to do / be resolved to do remark n. 言辞；注意 vt. 觉察 Did you rema
34、rk the difference between the twin sisters? vt.评论 He remarked that vi. 谈论 yield vt.生产,长(作物),结(果实) an orchard that yielded a good crop vt.(结果,利润) 产生 an investment that yielded high profits 投资 vt.vi. 屈服, 投降 Our army refused to yield. squeeze vt. 挤;紧紧抱握 ;勒索 to squeeze juice from an apple He squeezed he
35、r to his breast and calmed her down. to squeeze ones property vi. 压榨,挤 to squeeze through a gap vt.vi.n. 缺口,间隙 concede vt.承认 This dictionary is generally conceded to be the best in China. vt.退让,让步 They conceded some of their land to the enemy. vi. 让步 The young man conceded without a contest. capable
36、 adj. 能干的；有才华的 Tom is a very capable driver. adj.能胜任的 These instruments are capable of very high precision. cease vt.vi. 停止；终了 Heart will cease to beat when life ceases. Our factory has ceased producing bicycles. n. 停止 We should work on without cease.短语:不停地 split vt.离开;分;劈开 They went into the room b
37、y splitting the door.破门而入 A lightening splits the dark sky. Have you ever thought about your action? Youll split a perfect family. vi.离开; 断绝关系 They split up into two teams. vague adj. 不明确的；含糊的；模糊的；暧昧的 You should not make vague promises. vague eyes vague standards utter vt. 发出，表达；发射 He could not utte
38、r a word. I didnt know who first uttered the truth. adj. 全然的；彻底的；无条件的 A feeling of utter helplessness washed over him.一种全然无助的感觉涌上他的心头 utmost n. 极限；最大可能 do ones utmost 尽全力，竭力 adj. 极度的；最远的 make the utmost use of Relations between nations living “under one roof” need to be handled with the utmost sensi
39、tivity.极度小心 vanish vi. 消失；突然不见；数成为零 Our hopes have vanished. All the good feelings 6will vanish. stimulate vt. 刺激；鼓舞，激励 to stimulate ones appetite to stimulate the development of the national economy The beautiful sceneries in the park sometimes stimulate our inspiration.灵感 vi. 起刺激作用；起促进作用 wax n. 蜡;
40、蜡状物 vt. 给 上蜡 torture vt. 折磨；拷问；歪曲 They tortured the prisoner to death. They tortured my words.曲解 n. 拷问；折磨 the torture of waiting in suspense. sake n. 理由；利益；目的 Never say that again, for heavens sake!看在老天的份上 John did it for his own sake. 为了自身的利益 He loves truth for its own sake.他为真理本身而爱真理 He argues for
41、 the sake of arguing.他是为争辩而争辩 tedious adj. 冗长乏味的；沉闷的 Without this software the work is slow and tedious. casual adj.临时的 She has to get a casual work to subsist. 维持生活 adj. 偶然的 That is a casual chance. adj. 随意的 This is a very casual and common way to greet someone. adj. 非正式的 Casual Shirts 短语 a casual
42、visitor 不速之客 expel vt. 喷出;驱逐;开除 The bullet was expelled from the gun. to expel an army of occupation from a country to expel a student from a college offend vt. 冒犯; 使不愉快 He was offended by her unreasonable quarrel.被无理取闹激怒 vi. 违反；进攻；引起不舒服 Bad manners may offend. isolate vt.使隔离; 使绝缘 The patient was im
43、mediately isolated. She is trying to isolate herself from the chaos surrounding her n. 隔离种群 regulate vt. 调节 ;有系统的管理;控制;校准 The temperature of the room should be regulated at all times.始终 We ought to regulate our daily life. exaggerate vt. 使增大; 使扩大 exaggerated his own role in the episode.插曲,一个事件,片段 vi
44、. 夸张；夸大 a person who is always exaggerating humble adj.谦逊的 In comparison with the Americans, the humble comunication style is favorable for the Chinese. vt.贬低 They tried to humble your importance in that achievement. territory n. 领土;地域;范围 the territories of the Holy Roman Empire. This is my territor
45、y! Understand? arbitrary adj. 任意的；武断的；专制的 The diet imposes overall calorie limits, but daily menus are arbitrary.食谱规定了总的卡路里限制，但每天的菜单可据爱好自定 an arbitrary decision 一时兴起的决定 severe adj. 严厉的；苛刻的；剧烈的；严峻的 Competition for the job is very severe. If you do wrong, you deserve severe punishment. spur n.鼓舞;刺激;促进
46、剂 This book is a spur to the childs imagination. vi. 骑马疾驰；给予刺激 spur on/forward to the destination 疾驰而去 vt. 激励;鞭策 He was spurred on by his friends when he failed the match. He spurred his horse to catch the last post. tremendous adj. 极大的，巨大的；惊人的 It will be a tremendous exercise for you. The response
47、to this competition was tremendous.反响惊人 Winning the scholarship gave her 7a tremendous lift.鼓舞 flex vt. 折曲;使收缩 He flexed his stiff arm slowly. vi. 弯曲;收缩 n. 电线; 屈曲;松紧带 flexible adj. 灵活的;柔韧的;易弯曲的 This bag is made of flexible leather. 柔韧的 I needed to find a simple and flexible way to design such a comp
48、lex interface.灵活的 stiff adj. 硬的;僵直的; 拘谨呆板的;僵硬的 a stiff neck a stiff current 强海流 a stiff breeze 强风 be stiff with cold 冻僵 be stiff in manner 态度生硬 infinite adj. 无限无穷的; 极大的 The number of positive numbers is infinite. infinite importance 非常重要 n. 无限;无限的东西( 如空间,时间);无穷大 numerous adj. 许多的，很多的 They claim that hypertension has numerous causes.高血压 primitive adj. 原始的; 简单粗糙的 primitive weapons primitive societies n. 原始人 prohibit vt. 阻止，禁止 We are prohibited from drinking alcohol
