1、Unit 1Part I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: burning of the forests/tree removal (deforestation)/reduction of the worlds rain forests2: global warming/greenhouse effect/emissions of CO2Part II The Earth at risk (I)A. Keys:1.a. More people-more firewood-fewer treesb. More domestic animals-more plants-fewer
2、 available plantsa, b- More desert-move south-desrtt expanding south-no grass2. Growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. But if there isnt enough rain the crops dont grow. 3. People try to grow food to support themselves or to create ranches where cattle can be raised
3、, or to get hardwood for export, or to make way for an iron ore mineB. Keys:1: Sahara Desert2: North America life getting better for captive dolphins4: natural behabior patterns-altered5: suffering from fractured skulls, ribs or jaws6: cant learn from animals in the wild how they operate, breed, wha
4、t they need, etc.Part IV More about the topic: Birds-A Source of WealthKeys:1： 9300 2： Habitat 3： warmer climates 4： 300 different species5： colder climates 6： habitat alteration 7： esthetic value 8： Birds populationPart V Do you know?Keys:1: one and one-half million 2: 20 times3: 100 4: 40000 5: 65
5、 million6: 3500 7: 2 million square miles 8: 3%9: 200 animal species 10: 100011: a third 12: two-thirds 13: three-quartersTape script of unit 2Part I Getting readyA: Hello, Im calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If youve got a few minutes Id like to t
6、ell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction; turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slau
7、ghtered for their meat and oil B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are hunted for their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now
8、campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if youd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas
9、bird countsJohn James Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the
10、manufacture of womens hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January 3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and
11、 Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Societys Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This
12、year, according to Mr. LeBaron, more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple.“Each individual count is in a circle. Its a 15 mile diameter circle, um, ar
13、ound the exact center point. And its always the exactly same area thats done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day.“Mr. LeBaro
14、n says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers.“Anybody that is interested or concerned can become in
15、volved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird.“Part III Dolphin captivi
16、tyA: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captive dolphin display. Although officials for Colorados Ocean Journeys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instig
17、ated a “No Dolphins in Denver campaign. As Colorado Public Radios Peter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn.P: Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the “No Dolphins“ campaign.R: Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of
18、the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect a dolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity, the dolphin population is dead.P: According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins cant live full lives in captivity.R: If you take a look at where the
19、real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is very family-oriented. These animals are separated from their mothers; thats a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off of walls, they cant swim in the same amount of time and direction t
20、hat they can in the wild.P: Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and theyre very suicidal. Ive had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what hed
21、done was to swim as fast as he could from one end of the pool on . to the other side and destroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a very sophisticated brain. I dont think we have any rights to play with the lives of these animals.P: Cousteaus anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College in Oregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the
