1、MBA 英语词汇易混淆的 125 个词1.able, capable, competent able 为常用词,指具有做某事所需的力量,技巧,知识与时间等,一般下效率无关,用作定语表示能力超出平均水平。如:A cat is able to see in the dark. (猫在黑暗中能看见东西。 )capable 指满足一般要求的能力,可以是表现出来的,也可是潜在的,搭配是 be capable of +doing。用作定语,表示的能力没有 able 表示的能力强。如:He is capable of running a mile in a minute. (他能在一分钟内跑完一英里。)He
2、 is a very capable doctor. (他是一位很好的大夫。)competent 指“ 胜任 ”,“ 合格”,或受过专业技术等训练的,但不是超群的能力。如:A doctor should be competent to treat many diseases. (医生应该能治多种病。)2.aboard, abroad, board, broadaboard 在船( 或飞机,车)上。如:I never went aboard a ship.abroad 副词,在国外或海外。如: He often goes abroad.board 为动词,上(船,飞机,车)。如: The pas
3、sengers are boarding the plane now.broad 为形容词,宽广的。如:He has very broad shoulders.3.accept, receiveaccept 接受,receive“ 接到”,“收到”。如:I received an invitation yesterday, but I didnt accept it. (昨天我收到了一个请柬,但并没有接受邀请。)4.accident, incident, eventaccident 事故。如:a traffic accident (交通事故)incident“附带事件 ”,在政治上特指引起国际
4、争端或战争的事件,事变。event “事件” ,指特别重要的事件,通常是由以前的努力而产生的结果,也指国家和社会的事件。5. accomplish, complete, finish, achieve, attainaccomplish 表成功,强调完成的结果而不是过程。如:Because of his hard word, things are accomplished. (由于他的努力,事情都已完成了。)complete 表示积极的完成,更具体地指建筑、工程等的完成。如:Has he complete his novel yet? (他的小说写完了吗?)finish 最常用,后接动词的-i
5、ng 形式,表示在一个活动的连续过程中完成了最后的一步或阶段。如:Ill finish the job alone. (我要独自完成这项工作。)achieve 完成,实现,强调通过努力而达到目的。如:You will achieve success if you work hard.Attain 达到,实现,常用于一般人的能力不易达到的目的。如:Greater efforts are needed before we can attain our goals.6.accurate, correct, exact, preciseaccurate 准确的,精确的。如: Clocks in rai
6、lway stations should be accurate.(火车站的钟应该是准确的。)correct“正确的”,指符合一定的标准或准则,含有“无错误的”意味。它的反义词是 incorrect, wrong.exact“精确的”,“ 恰好的”,比“大体上正确”更进一步,表“丝毫不差”。它的反义词是 inexact。precise 强调“精确”,“精密”。7.accuse, charge, sueaccuse 指责,指控,常与 of 搭配。如: His boss accused him of carelessness.charge 常与 with 搭配。如:The police charg
7、ed the driver with reckless driving.sue 常与 for 搭配。如: Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his house.8.achieve, acquire, require, inquireachieve(成功地)完成,实现。如: He will never achieve anything unless he works harder. (如他不努力工作,将会一事无成。)acquire 取得,获得,学到。如: acquire knowledge (获得知识)inquire 打听,询问。如:inquire a p
8、ersons name(问一个人的姓名)require 需要。如: We require more help. (我们需要更多的帮助。)9.act, action, deedact 用作名词时,与 action, deed 均可表 “行为”,“ 举动”。Act 指时间较短的个人行动或行为,强调结果。如:The farmer caught the boys in the act of stealing his apples. (农夫在孩子们正偷他的苹果时把他们抓住了。)action 较正式,往往指不止包含一个步骤,且持续时间较长的行为或行动,强调行为的过程。如:Actions are more
9、important than words. (行动比语言更重要。)deed 为正式用语,多指伟大的,显著的,感人的行为。如:They thanked him for his good deeds. (他们感谢他做的好事。)10.actual, true, real, genuineactual 意为“ 实际的 ”,“ 现实的”,指所形容的事物在事实上已经发生或存在,而不是仅在理论上可能发生或存在的。true“真实的 ”,指与实际相符,而非虚假。genuine “真的”, “非冒充的”,“货真价实的” ,强调正宗而非冒牌。11.adequate, enough, sufficient adequ
10、ate 足够的,指数量多,适合需要的数量。enough 足够的,指数量多,足够满足某种目的或愿望。sufficient 同 enough,常可互换使用。但 sufficient 指数量多,足够满足某种需要,在口语中常用 enough,在书面语中常用 sufficient,在不易肯定时多用 enough。Enough 可放在被修饰名词后,且可作副词,sufficient 则不可这么用。12.admit, confess两者都表“承认” 。admit 指大胆地承认以前试图不论或推诿的坏事。如:John has admitted to breaking the window. (约翰已承认打破了窗玻
11、璃。)Confess 常指承认错误,罪行等。如:The thief confessed his crime to the police. (小偷向警察承认了罪行。)13.advice,adviseadvice 劝告( 名词)。如:I want to give you some advice.advise 劝告( 动词)。如:What do you advise me to do?14.adopt, adaptadopt (1)收养。如:Since they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt a little girl. (
12、他们自己没有孩子,所以决定收养一个小女孩。)(2)采纳,采用,通过。如:He adopted our suggestion.(他采纳了我们的建议。)adopt 与 adapt 词形相近,后者的意思是“使适合”,“ 改编”等。15.advance, proceed, progress均可表“前进” 。advance 表向一个特定的目的地,在一定的时间或空间内稳定地向前运动。如:Napoleons army advanced on Moscow. (拿破仑的军队向莫斯科挺进。)proceed 强调从一处向另一处的运动,常表停顿后继续前进。如:They proceeded from London t
13、o Paris. (他们从伦敦往巴黎前进。)peogress 多表自然过程,指生长,发展等稳定地或循环往复地前进。如:The year is progressing, it will soon be summer. (光阴似箭,很快又是夏天了。)16.advantage, benefit, profitadvantage 常指一种使某人处于比其他人相对有利的地位,机会或时机。如:He had the advantage of good education. (受过良好的教育对他十分有利。)profit 多指报偿或报偿性的收入。如 Did you make any profit last yea
14、r? (你去年赚钱了吗?)benefit 指物质利益或精神方面的好处。如:I get no personal benefit from the business.(我个人从这家企业中并不获益。)17.advise, convince, persuade均可表“劝说” 。advise 表建议,规劝某人应该做某事或如何做。如:He advised me to put my money in the bank. (他劝我把钱存入银行。)convince 指向某人陈述事实,运用推理或逻辑证明使某人信服。如:We convinced Smith to go by train rather than pl
15、ane. (我们说服了史密斯乘火车而不乘飞机前往。)persuade 指用感情说服某人去做某事。如:I persuaded him to go back to work. (我说服他回去工作了。)18.affect, effectaffect 影响 (动词)。如 Smoking affects health.effect 效果,影响(名词) 。如:Government policy will not have any effect on us.19.afford, provide, supply都有“提供,供给”的意思。afford 一般只用于抽象事物。provide 和 supply 意思相
16、同,两个词都和 with 连用,构成 provide /supply somebody with something 的结构。20.agree, consentagree 为常用词。如:Do you agree to the condition? (你同意这个条件吗?)consent 为正式用词,多用于上下级的关系,表示同意别人的要求或请求。如:Did the king consent to your plan?(国王同意你的计划吗?)21.aid, help, assist 用作动词均可表“帮助”。aid 为正式用词,help 最常用。assist 最正式,表示协助某人做某事,尤指在体力上或
17、具体事务上帮助和扶持。如:She employed a woman to assist her with the housework. (她雇了一名妇女帮她做家务。)22.alive, living, livealive 指虽有死的可能,但仍活着,一般只作表语。living 可用于人或物,作定语时可前可后。live 只做前置定语,用于动物和个别事物前。23.almost, nearly一般说来,almost 比 nearly 表示的意思更接近“开始”、“完成” (目标)等。在 all, every, always 前,两者都可用。如:He is almost (nearly) smoking.
18、 (他几乎每天抽烟。)almost 可同 never, no, nobody, none, nothing 连用,而 nearly却不能。如:Almost no one believed her. (几乎没人相信他。)24.alone, lonelyalone 只表“独自”的客观状态,没有感情色彩,只作表语;lonely表“孤独 ”,: “寂寞”,能作定语和表语。如:When she is left alone, she feels lonely. (剩下她一人时她就感到寂寞。)alone, only 均可表“只有”,但 alone 须置于被修饰词之后,only往往置于被修饰词前。如:He a
19、lone (Only he) can remember the story. (只有他才能记起这段经历。)25.already, all readyalready 已经(副词 )。如:The plane had already landed before we got to the airport.all ready 准备好的 (作表语)。如:We were all ready to leave when the telephone rang.26.alter, change作不及物动词时,两者可通用。作及物动词时,alter 是对局部,表面的改变,而 change 则是对本质的,全面的,彻底的改变。如:Can you alter the dress? (你会改做这件衣服吗?)Can you change the dress?(你能给我更换这件衣服吗?)27.altogether, all together