1、Among the more colorful characters of Leadvilles golden age were H.A.W.Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two
2、children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulc
3、h, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said.As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadvilles fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which s
4、old everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco.It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or“grub”, while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.He did this for a number o
5、f years, but no one that he aided ever found anything of value. Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to
6、argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time wont make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountai
7、n side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment. Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine
8、 on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117 000. This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35 000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state. 1.Leadville got its nam
9、e for the following reasons EXCEPT. A.because Tabor became its leading citizen B.because great deposits of lead is expected to be found thereC.because it could bring good fortune to TaborD.because it was renamed2.The word “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means. A.to supply miners with food and supplies B.
10、to open a general store C.to do ones contribution to the development of the mine D.to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered 3.Tabor made his first fortune. A.by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in
11、the findings B.because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplying C.by buying the shares of the other D.as a land speculator 4. The underlying reason for Tabors life career is. A. purely accidental B. based on the analysis of miners being very poor and their possibility of discovering prof
12、itable mining site C. through the help from his second wife D. he planned well and accomplished targets step by step 5.If this passage is the first part of an article,who might be introduced in the following part? A.Tabors life. B.Tabors second wife, Elizabeth McCourt. C.Other colorful characters. D
13、.Tabors other careers. Vocabulary 1.barren adj. 贫瘠的 2.fabulous adj. 神话般的，难以置信的 3.lure vt.诱惑，引诱 4.deposit n.沉淀，储蓄 5.grubstake v.下注长难句解析 【解析】 “It”是形式主语，真正的主语是“to”后面的句子， “while”引导时间状语从句。 【译文】他的通常做法是对来采矿的人“下注”，说得更明确一点就是泰勃供给这些人食品、用品等物品，作为回报，当他们采到矿后就会分给他一部分股份。答案与详解 【短文大意】本文主要讲述霍塞斯奥斯汀 沃纳泰勃发家的故事。 1. C 细节题。因
14、为 Leadville 可以为 Tabor 带来巨富。这一点不是 Leadville 得名的原因，因为在文章第二段中，讲到这一点时，提及三个原因：A. 因为 Tabor 成为当地的居民代表人物，B.因为在 Leadville 有丰富的铅的储藏量。D.因为 Leadville 是因为 Tabor 重要而起的名，唯独 C 没有，因为到后来发现是银矿才给他带来巨富。2. D 词汇题。第二段中 grubstake 的词义与 D 所述内容是相同的，即“供给探矿者资金，衣物，食品以及其他物品”。(可参阅英华大辞典修订第二版 64 页)但此处还补充地讲，作为回报，供给者可以获得矿中资源一定份额。(见文章第二
15、段第 4 行) 3. A 细节题。 Tabor 第一次真正发财是他为两名矿工提供资助，为此他获得他们矿资源三分之一的股份。见文章第三段 4-9 行内容：两名开矿者从 Tabor 那儿借走价值 17 美元的物品，作为回报，Tabor 获得他们矿资源三分之一股份。于是两位开矿者在一座山旁的不毛之地开始挖掘，九天之后，发现了银的富矿，于是 Tabor 又将两人的股份全买下，这样，银矿属于 Tabor 一个人所有，这个矿就是后来著名的“匹兹堡 ”矿。Tabor 用 17 美元的投资换来了 130 万美元的收获。 4. B 推断题。由原文可知泰勃的财产来源是有一定偶然性的，但是毕竟也是基于他开创的“gr
16、ubstake”模式，因为 A、D 都不对，C 更是没有根据，因为他还没有娶第二位夫人这一切就发生了。分析泰勃的做法，会得出 B 选项所示的结论。 5. B 推断题。如果本文是一篇文章的第一部分，那么在文章的第二部分将介绍谁呢 ?key 可以从文章第一句分析出来，在 Leadville 的黄金年代，其多彩的特点当中，Tabor 及其第二任妻子 Elizabeth McCourt 是值得大书特书的，接着，文章都在讲述有关 H.A.W.Tabor 发家致富的历史，如先买下匹兹堡矿，后又买下 Matchless 矿，最后成为市长，代理州长，等等，所以涉及到的全是男主人公，因此下边再讲的话，应成为女主
17、人公即 Elizabeth McCourt 的天地了，她是 Tabor 的第二任妻子。这是顺理成章的事。 There are people in Italy who cant stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to the
18、m means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you its a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football becau
19、se theres the sport that glorifies “the hit”. By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, closeups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a pa
20、inter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV wont do it for you. Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home pla
21、te. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in fro
22、nt of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first basemans position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.” The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in
23、the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatr
24、e, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses. 1. The passage is mainly concerned with . A. the different tastes of people for sports B. the different characteristics of sports C. the attraction of football D. the attraction of baseball 2. Those who dont like b
25、aseball may complain that . A. it is only to the taste of the old B. it involves fewer players than football C. it is not exciting enough D. it is pretentious and looks funny The author admits that . A. baseball is too peaceful for the young B. baseball may seem boring when watched on TV C. football
26、 is more attracting than baseball D. baseball is more interesting than football 4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence): A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game. B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it
27、could make no different to the result. C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well. D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it.5. We can safely conclude that the author.A. likes football B. hates football
28、 C. hates baseball D. likes baseball Vocabulary1. dugout n. 棒球场边供球员休息的地方 2. pitcher n. 投手 3. symphony n. 交响乐 4. chamber n. 室内 5. contemplate vt.沉思，注视 长难句解析 【解析】此句的主干是“Baseballmeanswatching”，其中“in funny tight outfits”用来修饰“grown men”,“standing”和“staring”用来做“grown men”的定语。 【译文】对于他们来说，棒球就是在无聊的几个小时中几个身着紧
29、身衣的大人伫立在场地周围没事可做地东张西望。 【解析】这是一个复合句， “goes up”， “flexes”“takes”， “glances”做“the third baseman”的并列谓语。 【译文】但每当投球手掷出球的那一瞬间，你再看吧，三垒运动员脚尖点地，屈臂或把接球手套直指前方，左右移动步伐，或前或后，或许他还要越过场地盯着一垒球手的动作。 答案与详解 【短文大意】本文主要讲述垒球的特征及欣赏。 1. D 主旨题。文章第一段简述了人们对垒球所持的偏见 认为它毫无活力、从容和缓，不像橄榄球那样(禁止)迭起、令人激动。文章的第二、三、四、五段探讨了垒球的根本特征及欣赏角度，文章的最后
30、一句话用一个比喻概括了垒球的魅力：“ 如果橄榄球是一曲交响乐的话，那么，垒球中所表现出来的运动恰似一曲优美的室内乐。 ”可见，本文主要探讨的是垒球的特点及其欣赏。 A 不对，第一段也确实提到了不同观众对不同运动形式的偏好，但这只是用以引出对垒球的特征及欣赏的讨论。 2. C 细节题。文章第一段指出：许多人不喜欢垒球，一提起垒球这些人就打哈欠甚至皱眉头。对他们来说，看垒球意味着眼巴巴地观望着身着运动装(outfit) 的人呆立在球场上，东瞧瞧西望望，很少有什么(激动人心的) 事发生 没意思透了。他们认为这样的运动更适合上个世纪的人的口味，不像橄榄球那样充满活力。 A 意为：“ 它只适合老年人的口
31、味。 ”注意：原文说的是适合上个世纪的人的口味，二者意味不一样。 D 意为：“ 它矫揉造作、滑稽可笑。 ”这与说它 gentlemanly(具有绅士风度，矜持，即：没有冲撞或拼抢) 不一样。3. B 推断题。第三段指出，在电视上，垒球运动被切换成不同角度的画面，而且不断地使用重放、特写等电视制作技术，这破坏了该运动的整体运动感，使观众无法将自己投入(project)到运动中去，以体会到这种寓动于静的运动之美。电视做不到这一点 (The TV wont do it for you)，因此，电视上的垒球比赛看上去(seems)孤孤单单、冷冷清清、沉沉静静、慢慢腾腾。C 、D 不对，作者仅指出了不同
32、运动有不同运动的特征，并未说哪种运动优于哪种。参阅文章最后一句。 4. B 推断题。第四段整个都在描述垒球场上的一个场景：拿三垒的运动员假设对方全投出好球，作好了一切准备，但是对方投出的并不是好球。所以在那时候他的准备做不做都不会影响比赛结果。他说本来可以闭上眼睛，意思就是 B 项所写的。A、C、D 都不符合作者的意图。这道题需要完整地了解第四段内容才能作好选择。 5. D 推断题。在本文中，作者主要探讨了垒球的特征及欣赏，作者着重指出的是：只有根据垒球的特征来欣赏它，才能体会到它的魅力。在他看来，观察到垒球比赛中运动员的各种动作、垒球位之间的关系等是欣赏它的关键(第三段第二句) 。只有从整体
33、来把握它，才能看到每一个小的动作、每一个眼神乃至于“静止”的意义，也只有这样，才能全身心地投入比赛中，欣赏到它的魅力。可见，作者对垒球有很深的理解而且非常喜爱垒球。主要参考第三、四、五段。As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present
34、 century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speaking, it means there are two classes, the “middle class” and the “working class”. (We shall ignore for a moment the old “upper class”, including the hereditary ar
35、istocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life.) The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working
36、 class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers. The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of “received pronunciation” which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class
37、people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called “public school” immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The m
38、iddle classes tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday meal is “lunch” and they have a rather formal evening meal called “dinner”, whereas the working mans dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening m
39、eal is called supper. As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes ha
40、ve grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear. However, regardless of ones social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a labourer with the same r
41、espect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word “sir”, except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used. The middle class mainly refers to people . A. who were born as aristocr
42、at B. who have the right to sit in the House of Lords C. who speak in many different local accents D. who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions2. The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in English is their . A. dress B. work C. accent D. meal 3
43、. Why isnt the word “sir” commonly used in Britain? A. Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment. B. Because it can only be used in some certain occupations. C. Because it is an impolite word. D. Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person. 4. The “upper clas
44、s” in England today . A. are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to them B. still uses old words like “Sir” in their everyday lifeC. includes the hereditary aristocracy D. refers only to the royal family 5. Which of the following is not true about the English class system? A. I
45、t is an embarrassing subject for English people. B. Working-class students cannot receive a university education. C. The class system is much less rigid than it was. D. The class system still exists below the surface. Vocabulary 1. convention n. 习俗 2. embarrass v. 使困窘 rigid adj. 严格 4. hereditary adj
46、. 世袭的 manual adj. 体力的 6. accent n. 口音 received pronunciation adj. (英语的)标准发音 well-bred adj. 有教养的 9. servility n. 卑屈 10. occupation n. 职业 长难句解析 【解析】这是一个复合句，主句由“and”引导的两个并列句组成， “though”引导的让步状语从句，也是由两个并列的句子组成。【译文】尽管本世纪等级意识越来越淡，等级制度也越来越不严格，但对于英国人来说它仍是一个尴尬的话题，仍旧引以为耻。 【解析】这是一个复合句，由“and”引导的两个并列句组成， “sothat”
47、作“grown” 的状语。 【译文】劳工家庭中的孩子上大学成为非常平常的事情，此后他们也加入各种专业行当。劳工阶层的工资近来也快速增长，使得两个阶层间的界线越来越模糊。 答案与详解 【短文大意】本文主要讲述英国等级意识虽然越来越淡，但在表层下，等级仍然存在。而“阶层”的最大区别是他们的口音。 1. D 细节题。意为“ 那些比较富裕的生意人或有一定的职业的人” 。见第一段的倒数第二句：中产阶级主要包括富裕的生意人和有一定的职业的人。所以正确答案应该是 D。 2. C 细节题。意为 “口音”。见第二段的第一句：他们之间最明显的区别是他们的口音。所以正确答案应该是 C。3. 推断题。意为 “因为它听
48、起来太过谦卑，很可能会引起尴尬”。见文章的最后两句：谦卑会引起尴尬和不悦。甚至像“先生”这样的词，除了在特定的职业中（如商业、军队）外，也不太常用，因为它听起来太过谦卑。所以正确答案应该是 A。 4. C 细节题。 A 选项前半是对的。上流社会人数很少，后半是错的，媒体还在关注他们，注意一定要看清楚再选。B 选项相关内容在文末。 D 没有提到。B 在第一段中间出现，是正确答案。 5. B 细节题。意为 “来自工人阶级家庭的学生不能接受大学教育” 。见第三段第二句的前半句：来自工人阶级家庭的学生接受大学教育并且某种职业的情况已十分普遍。所以选项 B的答案与文章不相符，是正确答案。 Culture is one of the most cha
